US2730659A - Rectifying apparatus - Google Patents

Rectifying apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2730659A
US2730659A US295761A US29576152A US2730659A US 2730659 A US2730659 A US 2730659A US 295761 A US295761 A US 295761A US 29576152 A US29576152 A US 29576152A US 2730659 A US2730659 A US 2730659A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
ignition
voltage
electrode
ignitron
cathode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US295761A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hess Karl Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
Original Assignee
Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hartford National Bank and Trust Co filed Critical Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2730659A publication Critical patent/US2730659A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/02—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of grid-control or igniter-control voltages for discharge tubes incorporated in static converters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an electrical apparatus for rectifying an alternating voltage, more particularly to an electrical apparatus for rectifying an alternating voltage of the type utilizing an ignitron tube.
  • Electrical apparatus of the foregoing type generally comprise an ignition-voltage source for supplying ignition pulses having a steep wave-front and a duration in excess of 100 microseconds to the ignition electrode of the ignitron.
  • the high ignition voltage may decrease comparatively slowly due to the high resistance of the ignition electrode and the electrode will be gradually heated by the passage of current.
  • ignition may take place in the subsequent positive half wave of the anode voltage if the ignition voltage still has a sufficiently high value.
  • the desired moment of ignition is chosen at the descending portion of the positive half wave of the anode voltage where a relatively small current is required for the load.
  • the tube may ignite at the ascending portion of the subsequent positive half wave, so that a considerably greater, unwanted current pulse is suddenly transmitted to the load with detrimental effects.
  • an impedance is connected in parallel with the ignition electrode and the cathode of the ignitron tube, which impedance, when an igniting pulse is supplied to the igniting electrode, has a value at which, if there is no ignition at the desired moment, the igniting voltage within a period from the desired moment of ignition to the beginning of the subsequent positive half wave of the anode voltage will decrease to a value such that ignition by this pulse cannot 'take place in this subsequent half wave.
  • the value of the impedance is chosen to be such that the ignition voltage from the desired moment of ignition has decreased to the value at which ignition cannot take place in the same half wave within a period of 200 microseconds. In this case, a retarded ignition in the same half wave will in practice no longer occur, more partic ularly, if the duration of this period is fixed at 100 microseconds.
  • the impedance is preferably constituted by the series combination of an inductance and a resistor.
  • Fig. 1 shows an apparatus according to the invention
  • FIGs. 2 and 3 illustrate the operation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.
  • an ignitron 1 having a resistance ignition electrode 2 is connected by way of an alternating voltage source 3 to a load 4, which requires a determined amount of current. To provide this required current, the ignitron must be ignited at a predetermined moment in the positive half wave of the anode voltage.
  • the ignit ing pulse for igniting the ignitron is provided by an ignition voltage source comprising a condenser 5, which has preliminarily been charged, by way of a resistor 22, from a direct current source of potential 6 and which is suddenly discharged at the desired moment through a small inductance 23, a controlled auxiliary discharge tube 7 and the ignition electrode 2.
  • tube 7 The conduction of tube 7 is controlled by means of a control apparatus 8 included in the grid circuit of the tube 7.
  • a control apparatus 8 included in the grid circuit of the tube 7.
  • the positive half wave of the anode voltage I of the tube 1 is designated 11.
  • the desired moment of ignition lies at 12, that is to say in the descending portion of the half wave.
  • the tube 1 ignites at the moment 12 when the auxiliary tube 7 begins to conduct, causing the charged condenser to become connected to the ignition electrode 2.
  • the voltage variation of the ignition electrode 2 is, for example, as indicated by 13 in Fig. 2.
  • the voltage slowly decreases since the tube 7 remains conducting and the high resistance of the electrode 2 allows the passage of a small current only. Subsequently, the voltage increases again, since the condenser 5 is recharged from the source 6 for the subsequent ignition at 18 in the subsequent positive half wave.
  • the voltage variation at the electrode 2 becomes, for example, as indicated by 15 in Fig. 2.
  • the minimum voltage necessary for ignition to be represented by the dotted line 16
  • values for the inductance 9 and the resistance 10 are chosen such that the voltage 15 becomes smaller than the voltage 16 within the period 17. Consequently, it is assured that ignition will take place at 18 instead of at 14.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the principle of the invention when it is desired to ignite the tube at the ascending portion of the half wave of the anode 1 voltage.
  • Fig. 3 with the same voltage variation of the line 15 at a desired moment of ignition 19 in the half wave 11, in case of non-ignition at this moment, there is still a possibility of ignition taking place, for example, at the moment 20, so that the desired current strength is unduly small.
  • the values of the inductance 9 and of the resistor 10 are chosen to be so low that the voltage variation at the ignition electrode 2 becomes as indicated by 21 within a period of about 200 microseconds.
  • the capacity of the condenser 5 was about ,uf. at a charging voltage between 300 and 500 volts.
  • the inductance 23 was about 1 mh., the inductance 9 about mh. and the resistor 10 was 25 ohms.
  • An apparatus for rectifying an alternating voltage comprising an ignitron having a cathode, an anode and a resistance ignition electrode, means to apply said alternating voltage to said anode relative to said cathode; and an ignition circuit for said ignitron including an ig nition voltage source, means to apply the voltage from said source to said ignition electrode as an ignition pulse having a steep wave front and having a duration exceeding 100 microseconds, and an impedance connected between said electrode and said cathode, said impedance having a value at which upon failure of the ignitron to ignite at a predetermined instant following the application of said i nition voltage, said ignition voltage at said electrode is diminished to a level below that at which said ignitron can be subsequently ignited by said pulse.
  • Anapparatus for rectifying an alternating voltage comprising an ignitron having a cathode, an anode and a resistance ignition electrode, means to apply said alternating voltage to said anode relative to said cathode; and an ignition circuit for said ignitron including an ignition voltage source, said ignition voltage source comprising a capacitor, a direct current source of potential, means to apply said source of potential across said capacitor to charge it to a given voltage, switching means constituted by a controllable discharge tube for connecting said charged capacitor across said cathode and said ignition electrode to provide an ignition pulse having a steep wave front and having a duration exceeding 100 microseconds, and an impedance connected between said electrode and said cathode, said impedance having a value at which upon failure of the ignitron to ignite at a predetermined instant following the application of said ignition voltage, said ignition voltage at said electrode is diminished to a level below that at which said ignitron can be subsequently ignited.
  • An apparatus for rectifying an alternating voltage comprising an ignitron having a cathode, an anode and a resistance ignition electrode, means to apply said alternating voltage to said anode relative to said cathode; and an ignition circuit for said ignitron including an ignition voltage source, means to apply the voltage from said source to said ignition electrode as an ignition pulse having a steep wave front and having a duration exceeding microseconds, and an impedance connected between said electrode and said cathode, said impedance having a value at which upon failure of the ignitron to ignite at a predetermined instant following the application of said ignition voltage, said ignition voltage at said electrode is diminished to a level below that at which said ignitron can be subsequently ignited by said pulse within a period less than 200 microseconds.
  • An apparatus for rectifying an alternating voltage comprising an ignitron having a cathode, an anode and a resistance ignition electrode, means to apply said alternating voltage to said anode relative to said cathode; and an ignition circuit for said ignitron including an ignition voltage source, means to apply the voltage from said source to said ignition electrode as an ignition pulse having a steep wave front and having a duration exceeding 200 microseconds, and an impedance connected between said electrode and said cathode, said impedance having a value at which upon failure of the ignitron to ignite at a predetermined instant following the application of said ignition voltage, said ignition voltage at said electrode is diminished to a level below that at which said ignitron can be subsequently ignited by said pulse within a period of about 100 microseconds.
  • An apparatus for rectifying an alternating voltage comprising an ignitron having a cathode, an anode and a resistance ignition electrode, means to apply said alternating voltage to said anode relative to said cathode; and an ignition circuit for said ignitron including an ignition voltage source, means to apply the voltage from said source to said ignition electrode as an ignition pulse having a steep wave front and having a duration exceedin 100 microseconds, and an impedance connected between said electrode and said cathode, said impedance being constituted by an inductance and a resistance connected in series and having values at which upon failure of the ignitron to ignite at a predetermined instant following the application of said ignition voltage, said ignition voltage at said electrode is diminished to a level below that at which said ignitron can be subsequently ignited by said pulse.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
US295761A 1951-07-02 1952-06-26 Rectifying apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2730659A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL303066X 1951-07-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2730659A true US2730659A (en) 1956-01-10

Family

ID=19783385

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US295761A Expired - Lifetime US2730659A (en) 1951-07-02 1952-06-26 Rectifying apparatus

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2730659A (pt)
BE (1) BE512513A (pt)
CH (1) CH303066A (pt)
FR (1) FR1059344A (pt)
GB (1) GB702371A (pt)
NL (1) NL89600C (pt)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2955233A (en) * 1959-11-19 1960-10-04 Gen Electric Ignitron control circuits
US3026450A (en) * 1957-10-11 1962-03-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electric discharge apparatus
US3246203A (en) * 1961-01-20 1966-04-12 Philips Corp Circuit arrangement for igniting ignitrons

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2186218A (en) * 1935-10-16 1940-01-09 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Welding apparatus
US2261144A (en) * 1939-02-02 1941-11-04 Raytheon Mfg Co Arc discharge starting arrangement and method
US2290657A (en) * 1938-08-17 1942-07-21 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Discharge apparatus
US2534385A (en) * 1949-03-02 1950-12-19 Square D Co Electrical timing control

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2186218A (en) * 1935-10-16 1940-01-09 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Welding apparatus
US2290657A (en) * 1938-08-17 1942-07-21 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Discharge apparatus
US2261144A (en) * 1939-02-02 1941-11-04 Raytheon Mfg Co Arc discharge starting arrangement and method
US2534385A (en) * 1949-03-02 1950-12-19 Square D Co Electrical timing control

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3026450A (en) * 1957-10-11 1962-03-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electric discharge apparatus
US2955233A (en) * 1959-11-19 1960-10-04 Gen Electric Ignitron control circuits
US3246203A (en) * 1961-01-20 1966-04-12 Philips Corp Circuit arrangement for igniting ignitrons

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL89600C (pt)
FR1059344A (fr) 1954-03-24
CH303066A (de) 1954-11-15
BE512513A (pt)
GB702371A (en) 1954-01-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4121136A (en) Apparatus for feeding discharge lamps from a direct current source
GB1342026A (en) Ballast for gas discharge lamp
US2730659A (en) Rectifying apparatus
US2320916A (en) Controlled ingition discharge tube system
US2931948A (en) Flash producing circuit
US3383553A (en) Spark ignition apparatus
US4227118A (en) Circuits for operating electric discharge lamps
US2278431A (en) Condenser welding system
US2402608A (en) Circuit for electrical space discharge devices and method of operating same
US3577174A (en) Circuit for starting and maintaining a discharge through a gas discharge tube
US3696268A (en) Arrangement including an electronic flash tube
US2697184A (en) Electric spark ignition apparatus
US2537383A (en) Device for extinguishing a discharge tube having a mercury cathode
US2459153A (en) Welding system
US2003466A (en) Spark generating system
US3008036A (en) Initiating and stabilizing welding arcs
US2353733A (en) Welding system
US2112034A (en) Electrical discharge device
US4112334A (en) Ignition system for extending the lifetime of gas filled electric lamps
US3098947A (en) Electrical systems including capacitors
US2002281A (en) Electronic current regulator
US3041500A (en) Circuit arrangement for controlling gas- or vapour-filled discharge valves with the aid of a capacitor
US2921236A (en) Electrical discharge device
US2495165A (en) Vapor-electric device
US2259289A (en) Half-wave spot welding