US2730621A - Radio transmitter of the kind comprising a magnetron tube energized by a synchronized pulse generator - Google Patents

Radio transmitter of the kind comprising a magnetron tube energized by a synchronized pulse generator Download PDF

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Publication number
US2730621A
US2730621A US263374A US26337451A US2730621A US 2730621 A US2730621 A US 2730621A US 263374 A US263374 A US 263374A US 26337451 A US26337451 A US 26337451A US 2730621 A US2730621 A US 2730621A
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United States
Prior art keywords
grid
tube
pulse
anode
circuit
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Expired - Lifetime
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US263374A
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English (en)
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Hellings Simon Jacob
Krienen Frank
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
    • H03K3/78—Generating a single train of pulses having a predetermined pattern, e.g. a predetermined number
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
    • G01S7/282—Transmitters

Definitions

  • the invention felate s to-radiotransmitters of the kind comprising aniag'iietron tube efie'r'giz ed by a synchronized pulse generator and may particularly 'be used with advan a e-remade uls'e" smitter sgthe magnetrontube "ofwhichgfor ample, "is ehrgizedby pulses of 0.1 to 0.2 ,usec., having a pulse recurrence frequency'of 2000 -c./s. and a--pulse powerof 25 "kw.
  • a gridcontrolledelectron tube connected :by'wa'y of a pulse oscillator, the anode and the grid-circuit of this tube being coupled regeneratively by meansof a feed-back transformer, the primary winding of which is included in the anode circuit, while synchronizing pulses are supplied to the control-grid circuit, which includes, also, a delay network determining the duration of the pulses produced and comprising, for exampleyan artificial delay line (line-control blocking oscillator driver).
  • Inknown transmitters comprising such a-pulse oscillator, the pulses derived therefrom control, if'pecessary subsequent to amplification, an electron tube which serves as a switch and which is normally ClltiOflf, this-tube becoming operative each time when a control pulse is received and causing an energizing pulse, the duration of which corresponds with that of the control-pulse, to occur at the magnetron tub'e.
  • a circuit arrangerrient according tothe invention it has been found to be particularly advantageous to use'as an electron tube a tubecoiriprising a screen grid "which is located in the shadow of the control-grid as seeenin the'direction of the flow electrons.
  • the screen-grid thus takes comparatively little current, so'that'with the'use of simple means a high and constant screen-gridyolt'age c'an'b'e maintained-for the duration of the pulses, so that, at complete excitation of theelectron-tube a satisfactory-pulse shape may be obtained.
  • the reference numeral 1 designates a magnetron tube, comprising a cathode 2 provided with-a'filanient wire, and an anode 3.
  • Periodical energizing pulses are'de'rived from an electron tube 4, which is connected by way of a pulse oscillator and which is provided with an earthed'cathode S, aco'ntro l grid '6, a screen-grid 7 and ants-see 8.
  • the said pulse oscillator is made operative by synchronizing pulses from synchroni'zing pulse generator 9.
  • The-electron tube' i which is used as a pulse oscillator is normally "cut ofi by means of a negative grid bias voltage of a battery 11 applied to the control-grid 6 through a 'gr'id'res'iston fll.
  • the screen-grid is connected throughascreen-grid resistor 12 to a screen-grid voltage source 13, which is uni-laterally earth'ed.
  • a smoothing-capacitor 14 is connected between the screen-grid and the earthed cathodeS of the tube-4.
  • the anode 8 of'the tube is connected on the one hand through an anode resistor 15 included intheano'delead'to an earthed-high anode voltage sourcelti and on the other hand through-a storage capacitor 17 to the cathode '2 of the magn'etron'tuhe.
  • the magnetron tube 1 is-connected inp'arallcl with the primary winding'of a feedback transformer 19, of-which the secondary winding 2E is included in the control-grid circuit of the 'electrontube t.
  • the primary winding 18 is bifilar, as is indicated by turns 18 and 38', in order to supply the filament voltage from the filament current source 21 to the filament -22, connected unilaterally to the cathode 2 of the magnetron tube.
  • the control-grid circuit of the electron tube includes not only the aforesaid'secondary winding of the feedback transformer 20 but also a delay network, which comprises various sections and which is of known construction, comprising longitudinal inductors 23 and transverse capacitors 24'.
  • This delay network is connected to one of the output leads of the synchronizing pulse generator 9, of which the other output lead is earthed.
  • An input resistor 25 of the control-grid'circuit of the'electron tube '4 is connected between the output terminals of the synchronizing pulse generator 9.
  • this synchronizing pulse is transmitted practically without delay via the input capacitor of the delay network 23, 24 and the secondary winding 20 of the feedback transformer to the control-grid 6 of the electron tube 4.
  • the initial blocking of the electron tube 4 owing to the grid bias voltage applied through the grid resistor 10 is obviated by the synchronizing pulse and the tube 4 takes anode current, with the result that the potential of the anode 8 decreases.
  • a discharging current of the storage capacitor 17 occurs through the primary winding 18 of the feedback transformer, which results in a further increase in the control-grid potential of the tube 4.
  • the control-grid has a strong grid-current control owing to the energy derived from the anode circuit of the tube through the feedback capacitor, which is required to obtain a very low internal resistance of the tube 4.
  • the delay network 23, 24 begins to charge itself, the capacitors 24 of this network having been initially charged by the bias control-grid voltage source 11.
  • This charging current produces a voltage Wave propagating in the delay network and being reflected without reversal of polarity at the open end remote from the synchronizing pulse generator 9, towards the input side, where it produces an abrupt increase in the negative voltage across the input capacitor of the delay network.
  • This abrupt increase in capacitor voltage is transmitted through the secondary winding 20 to the control-grid 6 of the electron tube 4 and produces a potential decrease at the control-grid, which results in an abrupt cut-off of the tube 4 owing to the regenerative coupling of the anode circuit and the control-grid circuit.
  • the period of conductivity of the electron tube 4 is thus accurately determined by the time lag of the delay network 23, 24.
  • the storage capacitor 17 is discharged through the tube 4 and the magnetron tube, which is connected in parallel with the primary Winding 18.
  • the power supplied to the magnetron tube is the higher, the lower is the internal resistance of the electron tube 4 for the period of conductivity, so that it is preferred to use a screen-grid in the electron tube 4, this grid being located to the flow of electrons in the shadow of the controlgrid 6.
  • the tube being conductive, such a screen grid takes a comparatively low current, so that it is possible to keep the screen-grid voltage prevailing during a pulse substantially constant with the use of simple means, in this case a smoothing capacitor 14 of comparatively low value. This favours a suitable pulse shape and permits such an excitation of the electron tube 4 that during a pulse the anode potential becomes considerably lower than the screen-grid potential.
  • controlgrid potential is materially higher, during a pulse, for example 30 to 50 v. than the cathode potential.
  • the energy required for such a strong control-grid current for the tube 4 is derived in the circuit-arrangement described above from the anode circuit and not from the synchronizing pulse generator 9, so that the latter is only slightly loaded.
  • the electron tube 4 is very rapidly cut otf at the end of an energizing pulse owing to the regenerative feedback. Since at the occurrence of the rear flank of an energizing pulse both the tube 4 and the magnetron tube 1 are cut off, the magnetic energy then still prevailing in the circuit will give rise to the occurrence of oscillatory residual current phenomena.
  • Tube 4 two tubes of the type Philips QQE 06/40 in parallel combination.
  • V16 +5500 vs. Transformer 19: provided with an E core.
  • L18 L18:25 turns, 1300 ,uh. L20:10 turns, 68 ,uh.
  • A. transmitter comprising a pulse generator including an electron discharge tube having a cathode, a grid and an anode, an anode resistor, means to apply a positive operating potential to said anode through said resistor, a feedback transformer having a primary and a secondary, a storage capacitor connecting one end of said primary to said anode, the other end of said primary being connected to said cathode, a delay network for determining the duration of the generated pulses, and means coupling said secondary between said grid and cathode through said delay network; means to apply synchronizing pulses to said grid to control the recurrence rate of said generator; and a magnetron having an anode connected to said one end of said primary and a cathode connected to said other end of said primary.
  • a transmitter as set forth in claim 1, wherein said magnetron is further provided with a filament and wherein said primary of the transformer is bifilar, and including means to supply energizing current through the bifilar Winding to said filament.
  • a transmitter as set forth in claim 1, wherein said primary winding has an inductance which together with its parasitic parallel capacity forms an oscillatory circuit tuned to a frequency equal to the reciprocal value of about twice the duration of said pulses.
  • a transmitter as set forth in claim 1, further including a damping resistor connected across said secondary.
  • a transmitter comprising a pulse generator including an electron discharge tube having a cathode, a grid, a screen grid and an anode, first and second resistors, an anode voltage source connected at one end to said cathode and at the other end through said first resistor to said anode, a screen grid voltage source connected at one end to said cathode and at the other end through said second resistor to said screen grid, a storage capacitor, a delay line and a transformer having a primary connected at one end through said capacitor to said anode and at the other end to said cathode and a secondary connected at 6 one end to said grid and at the other end through said delay network to said cathode; a synchronization pulse source coupled to said grid to apply control pulses thereto; and a magnetron having an anode connected to said tube cathode and a cathode connected to said one end of said primary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)
US263374A 1951-01-04 1951-12-26 Radio transmitter of the kind comprising a magnetron tube energized by a synchronized pulse generator Expired - Lifetime US2730621A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL302591X 1951-01-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2730621A true US2730621A (en) 1956-01-10

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ID=19783357

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US263374A Expired - Lifetime US2730621A (en) 1951-01-04 1951-12-26 Radio transmitter of the kind comprising a magnetron tube energized by a synchronized pulse generator

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2730621A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE508180A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH302591A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE900951C (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR1054780A (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL158345B (en, 2012)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3003118A (en) * 1958-03-31 1961-10-03 Sanders Associates Inc Synchronized regenerative amplifier
US3135928A (en) * 1961-12-26 1964-06-02 Gen Precision Inc Tetrode pulse shaping circuit
US4109216A (en) * 1977-05-31 1978-08-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Microwave generator

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419201A (en) * 1942-10-01 1947-04-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Pulse generator
US2444782A (en) * 1942-10-31 1948-07-06 Gen Electric Pulse generating circuits
US2447082A (en) * 1944-06-29 1948-08-17 Rca Corp Generator circuit
US2458574A (en) * 1943-04-10 1949-01-11 Rca Corp Pulse communication
US2468420A (en) * 1945-12-11 1949-04-26 Rca Corp Blocking oscillator
US2564000A (en) * 1944-01-13 1951-08-14 Francis J Gaffney Pulse generator system
US2579542A (en) * 1945-09-18 1951-12-25 Winston H Bostick Pulse transformer circuit
US2590373A (en) * 1947-11-20 1952-03-25 Philco Corp Modulation system and method

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419201A (en) * 1942-10-01 1947-04-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Pulse generator
US2444782A (en) * 1942-10-31 1948-07-06 Gen Electric Pulse generating circuits
US2458574A (en) * 1943-04-10 1949-01-11 Rca Corp Pulse communication
US2564000A (en) * 1944-01-13 1951-08-14 Francis J Gaffney Pulse generator system
US2447082A (en) * 1944-06-29 1948-08-17 Rca Corp Generator circuit
US2579542A (en) * 1945-09-18 1951-12-25 Winston H Bostick Pulse transformer circuit
US2468420A (en) * 1945-12-11 1949-04-26 Rca Corp Blocking oscillator
US2590373A (en) * 1947-11-20 1952-03-25 Philco Corp Modulation system and method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3003118A (en) * 1958-03-31 1961-10-03 Sanders Associates Inc Synchronized regenerative amplifier
US3135928A (en) * 1961-12-26 1964-06-02 Gen Precision Inc Tetrode pulse shaping circuit
US4109216A (en) * 1977-05-31 1978-08-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Microwave generator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE900951C (de) 1954-01-04
BE508180A (en, 2012)
FR1054780A (fr) 1954-02-12
CH302591A (de) 1954-10-31
NL158345B (nl)

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