US272329A - Allen w - Google Patents

Description

(i 'l i 1o tion. l n

UNITED- STA-TES PATENT OFFICE.

ALLEN w. YRofsE ANDCHAELESA. cHEEvER,'oF NEw YORK, N. Y., AssIeN ons, ABY DIRECT AND M-EsNE ASSIGNMENTS, 'ro SAID cHEEvEn AS.

TRUSTEE. i

ELECTRIC SPEAKING-TELEPHONE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersjPatent No. 272,329, dated February` 13, 1883.

Application nien october 26, Isso. (NQ meer.)

5 CHARLES A. CHEEVER, a citizen of the United States, resldingin New York city aforesaid,

jointly have invented certain newv and useful Improvements in Electric Speaking-Tele, phones, of which the following is a- 'speciiica-I Our invention lis based and constitutes an improvement upon certain new and usefulirn-l pro'vements in electric-telephony and trans-` mitting-telephonesmadeby theaforesaidRose,

I5 the distinguishing characteristic` ofwhich-is the suspension of magnetic iilings in the magnetic tield of a speakingfteiephone, through which field agalvanic currentpasses.

The object of our invention is, more espe` zo cially, to adapt such a telephone for operation both'as a transmitter and as a receiver.l

The subject-matter claimed is designated at -the endof this specification. v L n The essential features ot' our improved telephone are a magnet, a helix constituting part of a galvanic circuit and enveloping the core of the magnet or ia portion of it, Iilings of metals susceptible to magnetic action, suspended in the magnetic field of the magnet, but not 3o necessarily in the circuit, and a diaphragm,

preferably ot' non-magnetic material, between which and the magnet the filings are interposed. vThe diaphragm is thrown into action asa receiver by the inductive actionof the magnet upon the filings. The Ivariations in the strength of the current produced in the transmitter by sound-vibrations cause correlative variations in such current in the magnet ofthereceiver,which variationsarereproduced 4o through the interventionot' the filings upon the diaphragm, by the vibrations of which sounds are reproduced. 1

(Jur improvements may readily be adapted to most of the various forms of transmitting telephones shown in sundry applications for Letters Patent of the United. States filed by the said Rose simultaneously herewith. We do not therefore claim anything shown in said applications, but limit ourselves to the -im- 5o provenients thereon herein set forth.

0ur ,improved receiver can be operated in connection'with any of the \vell-hnownlbat tery-telephone transmitters. A Themagnetic filings maybe of any magnetic materials, such as iron, steel, aluminum, cobalt, or nickel; but the latteris preferred, as :being less` liable to oxidation from moisture'. AThe filings may be employed in the form ofa coarsepowder but'we prefer slivers or ilin gs jof` a length three or four times greater than their width or thickness, as they interlace more .perfectly, and consequently respond to slighter, vibrations. A mixture of filings ot' different magnetic metals, or of powder and Iilings of homogeneous magnet-ic metals, or of dissimilar magnetic metals, may be used with goodeftect. j In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 `represents a central longitudinal section through ourimproved telephone organized for operation vboth as areceiver and as a transmitterwith an induction-coil included in the circuit.- Fig. 2 shows a Rose transmitter arran'ged on circuit with our improved receiver, the` line being organized for transmission in one direction only. u

The drawings show a permanent magnet, M,provided with an enlarged head or plate, m, constituting one of its poles, and properly secured in the case or handle C. Anordina-ry coil or helix, H, surrounds this core near the enlarged pole. The wires of the helix terminate in binding-screws SYS', in the usual Way.

A diaphragm, D, of some 'non-magnetic ma-l terial, is secured in the case in the usual way, so as to leave a space between the enlarged pole of the permanent magnet and the diaphragm, which space or magnetic field is supplied with magnetic lings such as herein referred to. l

The apparatus thus described (and also particularly shown in Fig. 2) is adapted for operation as a receiver, R, only, and may be placed upon thelinein combination with atransmitter, T, such as those describedin the Rose application above mentioned, or `any other suitable transmitter.

The diaphragm D, when used as a transmitter, must be ot some conducting material, not.-

IOC

transmitting-wire, t,is connected with this diaphragm, and the` other, t', with the enlarged pole of the magnet, and said transmittin g-wires are connected with a battery, B, and the primary wire of the induction-coil I inusual wellknown ways for this class of instruments, the current passing through the filings. Thehelix H is connected with the secondary wire of' the induction-coil and with the line in usual wellknown ways. Using this instrument as a transmitter, it operates precisely like the Rose transmitter above referred to. The diaphragm D is thrown into vibration by sound-waves. These vibrations of the diaphragm produce corresponding` variations in the condition ot' the magnetic filings through which the trans` mitting-current passes, th us causing correlated variations in the strength of thecurrent, which are reproduced upon any suitable receiver in any well-known way. When used as a receiver the vibrations transmitted through theline act on the helix of the magnet, thereby causing the magnet to act inductively upon the filings, producing vibrations therein corresponding with those received through the helix. The vibrations ot the filings impart correlative vibrations to the diaphragm, thus producing sound-waves. The vibrationsofthediaphragm are produced mechanically by direct action of the vibrating filings.

Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a transmitter and receiver as arranged on circuit and adapted for transmission in one direction only. With the line equipped with two instruments such as above described, messages could be sent either way.

Our improvements lnay be applied to various forms of' transmitters shown in the applications of Rose above mentioned, which involvel the use of a diaphragm or plunger, it being only necessary, to adaptthem for use as receivers as well as transmitters, to put a helix around the pole of the magnet, so asto act inductively on the filings in a manner similar to that described in Fig. 1.

A diaphragm of non-inductive or even of non-conductive material-such as micamay be used as a receiver. The transmitting-diaphragm, as before remarked, need'not be of magnetic metal.

We claim as of our own joint invention- I 1. The combination, substantially as herein set forth, ofthe magnet, theinducing-coilconneeted in circuit, the diaphragm, and the magnetic filings interposed in a loose condition in the magneticfield between said diaphragm and pole, of the magnet, and acted upon by induction to reproduce sound-vibrations transmitted through the circuit.

2. The combination, substantially as herein set forth, in a galvanic circuit, ofa transmitter having the capacity of varying the strength of the current by changes in the condition of the metallic filings included in the circuit, and a receiver consisting of a magnet acting induetively upon magnetic filings interposed between said magnet and the diaphragm, andthus varying the intensity ofthe magnetic field in which they are included.

3. rlhe transmitting and receiving telephone hereinbefore described, consisting of the combination of the magnet, the helix, its circuitconnections, the diaphragm, the magnetic filings interposed in the magnetic field between the magnet and diaphragm, andthe transmit- 75 ting circuit-connections, one wire of which is connected with the diaphragm and the other with the magnet, the transmittingcurrent passing through the filings, upon which the receiving-current acts inductively.

4. The combination, substantially as herein set forth, of' the magnet, the helix and its circuit-connections,including theseeondary helix of' an induction-coil constituting part of' thc line-wire, the diaphragm, the magnetic filings interposed in the magnetic field between the magnet and diaphragm, and the transmitting circuit-connections, (one ot' which is connected with the diaphragm and the other with the magnet,) including the primary helix of' said induction-coil.

A. W. ROSE. UHAS. A. GHEEVER. Witnesses WILLARD L. GANDEE, E. C. DAVIDSON.

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