US272231A - Combined instrument for leveling - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

B. P. GALLISQ GOMBINED INSTRUMENT FOR LEVELING, SURVEYING, 8w.

Patented Feb; 13. 1883.

ATTORNEYS.

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UNITED STATES PATENT CEEICE.

RUDOLPH PETER GALLIS, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

COMBINED INSTRUMENT FOR LEVELING, SURVEYING, 81.0.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent No. 272,231, dated February 13, 1883.

Application filed October 31318852. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, RUDOLPH PETER GAL- LIs, of Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and Improved Combined Instrument for Leving, Surveying, 850., of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of my invention is to provide a new and 1m proved instrument or tool for facilitating the determination of the direction, the

t setting, and erection of horizontal, vertical, and inclined lines of shafting and the 1ike,'and

of lines of shafting at right angles thereto, or of geometrical lines in any of the above directions in general; also, for setting bases of machinery, parts ofbridges, roofs, &c., in any ofthe above positions; also, for use in the work-shop and other places as a common spirit-level, as a right-angled positive and negative square, as a straight-edge, and as a face-plate, and for similar purposes.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation of my improved leveling and surveying instrument, parts being broken out and shown in section. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional elevation of the same on the line at as, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view of the same on the line 3 y, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the telescope-tube, showing a modification of the construction of the same. Fig. '5 is a crosssectional elevation of the same, and Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the detachable foot of the instrument.

The instrumentconsists of a rectangular frame, A, which is provided in its bottom edge with a longitudinal A-shaped groove, B. In its upper edge the frame Ais provided with a telescope tube, C, which is parallel'with the base or lower edge of the frame A and with the sides of the same, which tube is provided at one end with a lens and center of the usual construction, and at theother end with a wire cross, a, or some analogous device commonly used in surveying-telescopes. The ends ofthe telescope C are threaded to permit of disks D being screwed in the said ends to protect the telescope when the same is not being used.

In the modification shown in Figs. 4 and 5 a centrally-apcrtured disk, D, is secured in one endot' the tube C, and-a long-range riflesighr, E, is secured at the other end, said sight consisting of a short rod with a small ball at the end, which small ball must be exactly on the central line of the telescope-tube C.

Thetelescope-tube may be made integral with the frame A; or it may be otherwise securedon thesame; but the longitudinal axis of the telescope-tube must always be exactly parallel with the bottom .piece of the frame A.

A s nrit-level, F, is secured in the upper edge of the bottom piece of the frame A, the said level being parallel with the bottom piece. A transverse spirit-level, G, is secured on the bottom piece of the frame A at right angles to the same. Both spirit-levels F and G may be provided with graduated scales, if desired.

A straight-edge, H, is pivoted to the frame A at the upper corner and crosses the frame diagonally. The edges of the two sides of the frame A, that'can be crossed by the pivoted straight-edge H,are provided with graduations, which are also drawn radially from the center of the pivot of the straight-edge. The said stright-edge, which is shown in section in Fig. 2, maybe provided with a spirit-level, J, if desired. The straight-edge H and the scale on the sides of the frame A may be dispensed with; but preferably they are provided, as they adapt the instrument for more uses. I

The instrument may be detachably secured- -to a base support or stand, as shown in Fig.

6, the said support being constructed sub.

stantially as described.

The instrument can be usedfor various purposes--for instance, for leveling and adjusting shafting, in which case the surveyor places the instrument on the shaft in the manner shown in Fig. 2, so that the upper part of the shaft passes into the A-shaped groove B. He then looks through the telescope-tube to a certain mark, and adjusts the shafting untilhe can see the said mark through the telescope, the shafting then being in the proper position. In the same manner he can find intermediate centers between a shaft already adjusted and certain marks on either the front or rear side 7 of the instrument.

By placing the instrument against upright shaftiug the same can be examined as to its being vertical, the spiritlevel in the bottom edge of the Irame being at right angles to the side of the frame which is placed against the upright sha't-thatmeans, ifthe shaft is vertical the level is horizontal. In the same way the instrument can be used for setting both horiz ntal and vertical foundation-plates and other pieces-as, for instance, pieces in the work-shop, parts of bridges, and other constructions.

The instrument can also be used as a common square, all the four sides being at right angles both in and out side.

The instruinentcan also be used asa straightedge or ru e.ifthe same is held in an inclined position, so that it stands on the sharp edge.

The sides of the instrument having a certain width and length, they can be used as faceplates on a small scale.

If the telescope is to be used at an angle to the horizon, the adjustable or pivoted straightedge is laid horizontal, and the telescope is then so adjusted that the surveyor can see the desired point or object through the same, and the graduated scales on the sides of thelrame A will then show the number of degrees which the telescope deviates from the horizonal position.

The instrument, in combination with the dc tachable foot, can also be used for finding the point of intersection of two lines joining at right angles-as, for instance, the point of intersection ot' the center lines of two intended lines of shafting, the three terminal points of which are shown by certain marks. The foot ot the instrument is then placed so that if the surveyor places the instrument first on one of the cylinders forming the detachable i'oot he can see one of the aforesaid marks through the telescope. it he reverses the instrument without changing the position of the foot, he will see the opposite mark if the telescope is in a straight line between the two marks. He then sets the instrument over to the other cylinder and moves the whole in a straight line between the two first marks until he can see the third mark through the telescope, the point of intersection of the two lines being then formed.

The surveyor can then examine whether any intermediate points between the terminal marks --as, for instance, centers of hangers or pedestalsare in a straight line between the telescope and any of the three terminal points.

Having thus described my invention, whatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The leveling'instrument made substantially as herein shown and described, and consisting of four straight-edges or face plates combined into a rectangular frame, provided in the under edge of its bottom piece with a longitudinal A-shaped groove,and providediu the upper edge. of its bottom piece witha longitudinal spirit level, F, and a. transverse spirit-level, G, the longitudinal spirit-level F being parallel to the longitudinal A-shaped groove in the straight edge or face-plate forming the bottom of the frame.

2. The combinationof therectangular frame having a A-shaped longitudinal groove in its bottom piece,and being provided in the upper edge of its bottom piece with a longitudinal spirit-level, F, and a transverse spirit level, G, with a telescope-tube in its top piece, as set forth. V

3. The combination, with the rectangular frame A, having a. longitudinal A shapcl groove, B, in its bottom piece,of the telescopetnhe, U, of the transverse spirit-level G, and the straight-edge H, pivoted to one corner of the frame A, substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination, with the frame A, of the spirit-levels F and G, the telescope tube l, the pivoted straight-edge H.and the spiritlevel J on the straight-edge H. substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination, with the frame A, provided in the under edge of its bottom piece with a longitudinal l\-shaped groove, of the two spirit-levels F and G. of the telescopetube (3, and a detachable fJot consisting of two cylindrical pieces of equal diameters,joining each other at right angles and in the same plane, the said two cylinders being fastened to eachother in the above position by any convenient means, and being provided with three adjusting-screws, the said foot being used for the purposes set forth.

'RUDoLPu PET-ER GALLIS.

Witnesses:

THEODORE JEPSON, w LEWIS TRASK.

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