US2717765A - Viscosimeter bath refrigeration unit - Google Patents
Viscosimeter bath refrigeration unit Download PDFInfo
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- US2717765A US2717765A US359720A US35972053A US2717765A US 2717765 A US2717765 A US 2717765A US 359720 A US359720 A US 359720A US 35972053 A US35972053 A US 35972053A US 2717765 A US2717765 A US 2717765A
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- refrigerant
- viscosimeter
- bath
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
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- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Description
Sept. 13, 1955 P. LAWLER, JR
VISCOSIMETER BATH REFRIGERATION UNIT Filed June 5, 1955 COMPRE$SOR CHPI LLRRY METERING TUBE (2 i l J -1W5ATERJ 1 EVAFORATOR.
! l i T l 15 3 w "b l T J i 17 19 I l j l I 15" I i J l COMPRESSOR l zzays.
Unite States Patent VISCOSIMETER BATH REFRIGERATION UNIT Paul Lawler, 3n, Bayonne, N. J.
Application June 5, 1953, Serial No. 359,729
2 Claims. (Cl. 257-4) This invention deals with a low temperature refrigeration unit specifically designed for cooling viscosimeter tubes and maintaining their temperature in this range with a high degree of accuracy. More specifically, it relates to a rnulti-cornpressor cascade cooling unit in which the evaporation of the primary refrigerant is carried under pressure in indirect cooling relation with the liquid secondary refrigerant before the latter is evaporated.
In determining accurately the viscosity of liquids, it is necessary to maintain the temperature of the viscosimeter within a very close range. Yet, it is often necessary to carry out the determination itself at a temperature anywhere from 212 F. to 40 F, or even as low as 100 F. Ordinary refrigerating systems are not adapted to provide adequate accuracy when such a wide zone of viscosimeter temperatures is employed. The present invention provides a simple and readily-controllable means for maintaining the viscosimeter temperature within such a wide zone with a remarkable degree of accuracy.
The invention may be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawing which depicts a preferred embodiment in diagrammatic form. In the drawing, numeral 1 designates the primary compressor into which is fed refrigerant vapor through line 2. The compressed refrigerant is discharged from compressor 1 through line 3 and into condenser 4 which may be air or water cooled. The cooled and liquefied refrigerant leaving the condenser through line 5 is discharged into receiver 6 for storage. From this receiver, the liquid refrigerant is drawn, when required, through line 7 and thermostatic expansion valve 8 and is expanded into pressure vessel 9 acting as the primary evaporator wherein the cooling action takes place. The thus-expanded refrigerant then is drawn out through line 10 which is pro vided with throttling constant pressure valves 11, preferably of the solenoid type, from which the vapor is led to intake line 2 of primary compressor 1. It will be noted that the primary refrigerating system is a separate, completely enclosed system which coacts with the secondary system which now will be described.
The secondary compressor 14 is the unit into which secondary refrigerant vapors are led through line 15, and compressed, after which the compressed vapors leaving through line 16 are discharged into oil separator 17 to trap any oil discharged from the compressor. The com pressed vapors leaving separator 17 through line 18 are cooled by water or air condenser 19. The thus-liquefied secondary refrigerant then is drawn through line 20 and through coil 21 which is cooled by indirect heat transfer by expansion of the primary refrigerant from valve 8 which discharges its expanded refrigerant into evaporator vessel 9.
The liquid secondary refrigerant, cooled by the gasified primary refrigerant, leaves cooling coil 21 via line 22 and then is expanded through capillary metering tube 21 into evaporator 24 wherein the cooling effect is transferred through a hath (not shown) to the adjacently disposed viscosimeter tube (not shown) immersed in the bath. The thus-expanded refrigerant vapor from evaporator 24 is finally led to inlet line 15 of secondary cornpressor 14 for further recycling.
ice
The purpose of control valve 8 is to vaporize liquid refrigerant into cooling vessel 9 at a rate sufficient to maintain the predetermined constant temperature in vessel 9, and also to shut off the flow of liquid from line 7 if the presssure in vessel 9 exceeds the preset pressure. The primary refrigerant preferably is difluorodichloromethane (Freon 12), while the secondary refrigerant preferably is a lower boiling, readily vaporizable, normally gaseous liquid such as difiuoromonochloromethane (Freon 22).
Tube 23 is a narrow metal capillary tube, the diameter and length of which are selected to give the desired flow rate of secondary liquid refrigerant into evaporator'24 to provide the desired temperature range in the cooling bath. All of the lines and vessels are of metal, preferabiy copper.
As already stated, by means of this cascade unit, it is possible to reach bath temperatures (produced by evaporator 24) of -40 F. to as low as l00 F., with an accuracy of about 0.01 F., thus making this unit particularly suitable for accurate viscosity determinations.
I claim:
1. A viscosimeter bath cooling unit comprising, in combination, a primary refrigeration system employing a liquefiable normally gaseous refrigerant, a compressor for compressing same, a refrigerant liquefying condenser, an evaporation vessel in which the refrigerant is evaporated, a thermostatically controlled expansion valve from which the refrigerant is expanded into said vessel for cooling said vessel and for recycle to the compressor, and which is controlled by thermostatic means at said vessel, a refrigerant throttling valve on the intake side of said compressor, and a secondary system also comprising a compressor for compressing a secondary refrigerant, and including a refrigerant liquefying condenser, and a coil disposed within said vessel of the primary system and in which said liquid secondary refrigerant may be cooled by indirect heat transfer with the vaporized primary refrigerant, a capillary metering tube through which the thus cooled liquid secondary refrigerant is passed and vaporized, a viscosimeter bath and an evaporator to be inserted in said viscosimeter bath and into which said vaporized secondary refrigerant is discharged for cooling said bath prior to compression by and for recycle to said secondary compressor.
2. A viscosimeter bath cooling unit according to claim 1 in which a thermostatically controlled heater is disposed in said bath adjacently to said secondary evaporator to counteract any overcooling occurring through operation of said evaporator.
Rooney Jan. 29, 1939 Gonzalez Mar. 18, 1941
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US359720A US2717765A (en) | 1953-06-05 | 1953-06-05 | Viscosimeter bath refrigeration unit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US359720A US2717765A (en) | 1953-06-05 | 1953-06-05 | Viscosimeter bath refrigeration unit |
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US2717765A true US2717765A (en) | 1955-09-13 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US359720A Expired - Lifetime US2717765A (en) | 1953-06-05 | 1953-06-05 | Viscosimeter bath refrigeration unit |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3852974A (en) * | 1971-12-03 | 1974-12-10 | T Brown | Refrigeration system with subcooler |
US4151724A (en) * | 1977-06-13 | 1979-05-01 | Frick Company | Pressurized refrigerant feed with recirculation for compound compression refrigeration systems |
US4194368A (en) * | 1976-10-04 | 1980-03-25 | Borg-Warner Corporation | Combination split system air conditioner and compression cycle domestic hot water heating apparatus |
EP0056780A2 (en) * | 1981-01-19 | 1982-07-28 | Andreas Dr.-Ing. Hampe | Disposition of heat pumps |
EP0153285A3 (en) * | 1984-02-14 | 1986-05-14 | Bengt Ove Kenneth Andersson | A method and apparatus for gas cooling |
US5095712A (en) * | 1991-05-03 | 1992-03-17 | Carrier Corporation | Economizer control with variable capacity |
US5170639A (en) * | 1991-12-10 | 1992-12-15 | Chander Datta | Cascade refrigeration system |
WO1997039293A1 (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 1997-10-23 | Apd Cryogenics, Inc. | Precooled vapor-liquid refrigeration cycle |
US20060201188A1 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2006-09-14 | York International Corporation | HVAC system with powered subcooler |
WO2013088356A1 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-20 | Innovation Factory S.R.L. | High performance heat pump unit |
WO2019058360A1 (en) | 2017-09-24 | 2019-03-28 | N. A. M. Technology Ltd. | Combined-type cascade refrigerating apparatus |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1989247A (en) * | 1932-04-19 | 1935-01-29 | Dubuar Rooney Inc | Refrigerating apparatus |
US2235071A (en) * | 1939-05-24 | 1941-03-18 | Chrysler Corp | Method and apparatus for producing low temperatures and for frosting the surfaces ofartistic creations |
-
1953
- 1953-06-05 US US359720A patent/US2717765A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1989247A (en) * | 1932-04-19 | 1935-01-29 | Dubuar Rooney Inc | Refrigerating apparatus |
US2235071A (en) * | 1939-05-24 | 1941-03-18 | Chrysler Corp | Method and apparatus for producing low temperatures and for frosting the surfaces ofartistic creations |
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3852974A (en) * | 1971-12-03 | 1974-12-10 | T Brown | Refrigeration system with subcooler |
US4194368A (en) * | 1976-10-04 | 1980-03-25 | Borg-Warner Corporation | Combination split system air conditioner and compression cycle domestic hot water heating apparatus |
US4151724A (en) * | 1977-06-13 | 1979-05-01 | Frick Company | Pressurized refrigerant feed with recirculation for compound compression refrigeration systems |
EP0056780A2 (en) * | 1981-01-19 | 1982-07-28 | Andreas Dr.-Ing. Hampe | Disposition of heat pumps |
WO1982002588A1 (en) * | 1981-01-19 | 1982-08-05 | Andreas Hampe | Heat pump arrangement |
EP0056780A3 (en) * | 1981-01-19 | 1982-08-25 | Andreas Dr.-Ing. Hampe | Disposition of heat pumps |
EP0153285A3 (en) * | 1984-02-14 | 1986-05-14 | Bengt Ove Kenneth Andersson | A method and apparatus for gas cooling |
AU584874B2 (en) * | 1984-02-14 | 1989-06-08 | Bengt Ove Kenneth Andersson | A method and apparatus for gas cooling |
US5095712A (en) * | 1991-05-03 | 1992-03-17 | Carrier Corporation | Economizer control with variable capacity |
FR2676115A1 (en) * | 1991-05-03 | 1992-11-06 | Carrier Corp | ECONOMIZER CONTROL WITH VARIABLE CAPACITY. |
US5170639A (en) * | 1991-12-10 | 1992-12-15 | Chander Datta | Cascade refrigeration system |
WO1997039293A1 (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 1997-10-23 | Apd Cryogenics, Inc. | Precooled vapor-liquid refrigeration cycle |
US5729993A (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 1998-03-24 | Apd Cryogenics Inc. | Precooled vapor-liquid refrigeration cycle |
US20060201188A1 (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2006-09-14 | York International Corporation | HVAC system with powered subcooler |
US7908881B2 (en) | 2005-03-14 | 2011-03-22 | York International Corporation | HVAC system with powered subcooler |
WO2013088356A1 (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-20 | Innovation Factory S.R.L. | High performance heat pump unit |
WO2019058360A1 (en) | 2017-09-24 | 2019-03-28 | N. A. M. Technology Ltd. | Combined-type cascade refrigerating apparatus |
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