US2715403A - Tourniquet - Google Patents
Tourniquet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2715403A US2715403A US434873A US43487354A US2715403A US 2715403 A US2715403 A US 2715403A US 434873 A US434873 A US 434873A US 43487354 A US43487354 A US 43487354A US 2715403 A US2715403 A US 2715403A
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- Prior art keywords
- tourniquet
- arcuate
- handle
- portions
- pressure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for ligaturing or otherwise compressing tubular parts of the body, e.g. blood vessels, umbilical cord
- A61B17/132—Tourniquets
Definitions
- This invention relates to a tourniquet which is readily and positively applicable to an injured member of the body, as a leg, arm, and the like to exert pressure upon such member between the point of injury and the heart until bandaging and stoppage of bleeding may be effected.
- lt is another object of this invention to provide a tourniquet having a gauge which increases or diminishes the tcurniquet pressure while rendering a measured indication of such pressure.
- lt is still another object of this invention to provide a tourniquet of this class having a gauge pivotally connected to one tourniquet arm and adapted to shoulder upon the other tourniquet arm along an arcuate surface thereof, so that the angle between the gauge and the tourniquet arm to which the gauge is pivotally connected may Vary in degree in accordance with the pressure applied and in accordance with the variation in the subtended angle between the tourniquet handles.
- Figure l is an elevational view of an embodiment of the invention.
- Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure l.
- Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 1.
- a tourniqnet including tourniquet arms 11 and 12, which are pivotally connected as by a threaded pin or screw 14, with end peened or riveted opposite the head thereof to prevent loss and to maintain assembly.
- the arms 11 and 12 each include a handle portion 15 and 15, respectively, and arcuate, tourniqueted member embracing portions 16', 16, respectively.
- the portions 16', 16 oppose each other as best indicated in Figure l, so as to f'- 2,715,403 ce Patented Aug. 16, 1955 bound a space of substantially oval cross section, as will be the shape of a member of the body after tourniqueting force has been applied thereto.
- the portions 16', 16 are preferably round to avoid unnecessary angles of force application at points of body contact.
- the arcuate portions 16', 16 are curved so that the arm 12, which may overlie the arm 11 at the point of pivotal connection, will provide the arcuate portion 16 which underextends arcuate portion 16', of the arm 11 in the area of the over-crossing part 23, which is spaced from the over-crossing part 23 of the arcuate portion 16'.
- the body member contacting parts of the tourniquet are spaced apart along a line normal to the general plane of the tourniquet, thereby providing a base instead of a point of pressure application opposite such pivot point.
- the handle portion extends iirst in a plane or straight part 17 from the pivot 14 and then has an oset part 17' which forms a connection to a grip 1S.
- the tourniquet handle 1S has a part 19 which extends in a plane or straight from the pivot 14 and then is offset at 19 to form the connection to an arcuate part 20, from which extends the grip 21.
- the degrees of offset provided by the parts 19 and 17 are such that the grip 18 and the grip 21 will extend past each other if the handles are brought together to completely close the tourniquet.
- the arcuate part 20 of the handle 15 has slot 21 therein and a gauge 24 has an end part which is pivotally connected at 26 to the part 17 ofthe arm 11.
- Such gauge end 25 continues as a mandrel 27 and extends through the slot 21 and outwardly therefrom, the mandrel 27 being threaded over its length 2S from a point adjacent its pivotal connection to the outer end thereof.
- the threads 29 of such mandrel are of the flat or Acme profile and are particularly tempered for purposes to be described hereinbelow.
- a sleeve 30 slides over the mandrel 27 and has a shoulder 31 thereon to bear against the arcuate part 20, while a prong 32 on such sleeve and of lesser width than the slot 21 extends through the slot 21 and has therein a pin 33 extending thereacross to act as a stop against the part 20. This is effected since the pin 33 is of greater length than the transverse width of the slot 21 so that the ends of the pin will bear upon the arcuate part 20 at each side of the slot to thus maintain the sleeve 30 connected to the tourniquet assembly.
- a set screw 34 extends axially into the end of the prong 32 to bear against the pin 33 and maintain such pin in the prong 32 against sliding laterally.
- the sleeve 30 provides an internal shoulder'35 therein to form a seat for a spring 36 which extends around the mandrel.
- a plunger 37 extends around the mandrel 27 and into the outer end of the sleeve 30, which has a slot 37 therein.
- a pointer 38 rides upon the sleeve 30 outwardly of the slot 37 and is connected to the inner end of the plunger 38 by means of set screw means 39.
- a nut 40 is threaded upon the mandrel threads 29.
- Thelshbulder 431 is of a -con'gurati'on to move downf Wardlyalng theaouter face -offthel arcuatepart-201as" thezpressure'lis increased, orto recede outwardlyalong suchf-part as Lpressurelmaybe decreased, thus permittingthe anglelbetween thegmandrel 27'and handle. 15c to vary asthefsub'tendedfanglefvaries'between the handles 15;
- tourniquet comprising two pivotally. connected' arms Aeaoh'having .handle portions with"v grips. at oneend. thereof. and theepivot'l supportedl at the .other end; thereof'l and; anarcuate, tourniquetted. memberA embracingfpor- ⁇ tion'ionzthe opposite-.sideof saidpivotvfrom saidlhandle.l
- a gauge including a mandrel pivotally connected to one of said handle portions and extending past the other handle portion, a sleeve connected to said other handle portion and extending over said mandrel and having an inner 'end to bear upon said other handle portion andan internal shoulder adjacent said inner end, a springY extending around said mandrel and bearing inwardly upon said/internal-shoulder, a slot in the wall of said sleeve, a plunger extending around said mandrel with'inner-end to bear'upon said spring, an indicia on said sleeve, a pointer connected to said plunger through said slot and a nut threadable upon said mandrel to bear inwardly upon said plunger against the tension of said spring to force said handle portions together and tighten the embrace of said arcuate portions
- a tourniquet comprising two pivota-ll-yY connected arms eachhaving ahandie portion-andan arcuate, tourniquetted Imember* embracingfpcrtion, said arms beingf pivotally connected i between said handle and arcuate portionsandso assembled-that as-saidhandles-are drawnl together saidiarcuateJ portions more ⁇ tightlyembrace said-v tourniquetted-member, andla gaugefcennected to one-f handle'.
- Av tourniquet comprising:r two' pivotally.I connected arms each having a handle portion and a tourniquetteds member embracing portion; saidVv arms.. being pivota'lly connected between said handle and arcuate portionstand. so assembled/thatY as lsaid .handles are-drawn together; said portions more tightly embrace said tourniquetted 'rnemb'eig ⁇ and means connectedfto one ⁇ handle portion y and f bearin g againstthe other.I handlev portion andy including ⁇ threadt engagedvmeans relatively' movable to drawsaidfhandles together to thereby-increasethepressure of said portions onk said' embraced member; andalso includingmeansadapted 'to *indicateV the 'pressure beingV applied 7.
- A' tourniquet comprising two'pivotally connected. arms eachhaving an extendingportion and a tourniquetted member embracing portion, said arms being pivotally connected between the extending portions and the tourniquetted member embracing portions thereof and so assembled that as said extending portions are drawn together said tourniquetted member embracing portions more tigbtiy embrace said member, said tourniquet including means connected to one extending portion and adjustably bearing against the other extending portion and adapted to indicate the pressure being applied to said member.
Description
Aug. 16, 1955 E. J. TUCKER 2,715,403
TOURNIQUET Filed June 7, 1954 23 E/i dora/0x7 Tucker INVENTOR.
23 ATTORNEY United States Patent O TOURNIQUET Eli Jordan Tucker, Houston, Tex.
Appiication June 7, 1954, Serial No. 434,873
7 Claims. (Ci. 12S-327) This invention relates to a tourniquet which is readily and positively applicable to an injured member of the body, as a leg, arm, and the like to exert pressure upon such member between the point of injury and the heart until bandaging and stoppage of bleeding may be effected.
It is a primary object of this invention to provide such a tourniquet constructed of rigid, non-corrosive parts positively operable upon application to exert pressure on the part to which applied, such tourniquet being equipped with a gauge assembly which is adapted to increase the pressure or tourniquet application by increments while such pressure can be constantly observed in measurement.
lt is another object of this invention to provide a tourniquet having a gauge which increases or diminishes the tcurniquet pressure while rendering a measured indication of such pressure.
It is also an object of this invention to provide a tourniquet of this class which is constructed of corrosion resistant, non-infectious parts, as parts of stainless steel and the like, which are operable to positively apply and maintain a tourniquet pressure to an injured member without damaging such member, as by causing tourniquet paralysis r necrosis of the fat tissue at the points Where excessive pressure has been applied.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a tourniquet having arcuate, injured member embracing parts which overextend each other at a spaced apart distance whereby a base of force distribution is provided opposite the pivotal connection of the tourniquet arms, thereby obviating the tendency of the tourniquet to roll or slide upon the injured member.
lt is still another object of this invention to provide a tourniquet of this class having a gauge pivotally connected to one tourniquet arm and adapted to shoulder upon the other tourniquet arm along an arcuate surface thereof, so that the angle between the gauge and the tourniquet arm to which the gauge is pivotally connected may Vary in degree in accordance with the pressure applied and in accordance with the variation in the subtended angle between the tourniquet handles.
Other and further objects will be apparent when the description hereinbelow is considered in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure l is an elevational view of an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 of Figure l.
Figure 3 is a sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 1.
Referring in detail to the drawings, a tourniqnet is shown including tourniquet arms 11 and 12, which are pivotally connected as by a threaded pin or screw 14, with end peened or riveted opposite the head thereof to prevent loss and to maintain assembly. The arms 11 and 12 each include a handle portion 15 and 15, respectively, and arcuate, tourniqueted member embracing portions 16', 16, respectively. In assembly, the portions 16', 16 oppose each other as best indicated in Figure l, so as to f'- 2,715,403 ce Patented Aug. 16, 1955 bound a space of substantially oval cross section, as will be the shape of a member of the body after tourniqueting force has been applied thereto. In cross-section, the portions 16', 16 are preferably round to avoid unnecessary angles of force application at points of body contact.
To avoid against the tourniquet rolling or slipping upon the member to which applied, the arcuate portions 16', 16 are curved so that the arm 12, which may overlie the arm 11 at the point of pivotal connection, will provide the arcuate portion 16 which underextends arcuate portion 16', of the arm 11 in the area of the over-crossing part 23, which is spaced from the over-crossing part 23 of the arcuate portion 16'. Thus, on the side of the tourniquet opposite the pivot point, the body member contacting parts of the tourniquet are spaced apart along a line normal to the general plane of the tourniquet, thereby providing a base instead of a point of pressure application opposite such pivot point.
The handle portion extends iirst in a plane or straight part 17 from the pivot 14 and then has an oset part 17' which forms a connection to a grip 1S. The tourniquet handle 1S has a part 19 which extends in a plane or straight from the pivot 14 and then is offset at 19 to form the connection to an arcuate part 20, from which extends the grip 21. The degrees of offset provided by the parts 19 and 17 are such that the grip 18 and the grip 21 will extend past each other if the handles are brought together to completely close the tourniquet. The arcuate part 20 of the handle 15 has slot 21 therein and a gauge 24 has an end part which is pivotally connected at 26 to the part 17 ofthe arm 11. Such gauge end 25 continues as a mandrel 27 and extends through the slot 21 and outwardly therefrom, the mandrel 27 being threaded over its length 2S from a point adjacent its pivotal connection to the outer end thereof. The threads 29 of such mandrel are of the flat or Acme profile and are particularly tempered for purposes to be described hereinbelow.
A sleeve 30 slides over the mandrel 27 and has a shoulder 31 thereon to bear against the arcuate part 20, while a prong 32 on such sleeve and of lesser width than the slot 21 extends through the slot 21 and has therein a pin 33 extending thereacross to act as a stop against the part 20. This is effected since the pin 33 is of greater length than the transverse width of the slot 21 so that the ends of the pin will bear upon the arcuate part 20 at each side of the slot to thus maintain the sleeve 30 connected to the tourniquet assembly. A set screw 34 extends axially into the end of the prong 32 to bear against the pin 33 and maintain such pin in the prong 32 against sliding laterally.
The sleeve 30 provides an internal shoulder'35 therein to form a seat for a spring 36 which extends around the mandrel. A plunger 37 extends around the mandrel 27 and into the outer end of the sleeve 30, which has a slot 37 therein. A pointer 38 rides upon the sleeve 30 outwardly of the slot 37 and is connected to the inner end of the plunger 38 by means of set screw means 39. A nut 40 is threaded upon the mandrel threads 29. It has end face 41 to bear upon the outer end of plunger 37 and as the nut 40 is further threaded upon the mandrel 27 the plunger 37 will move against the pressure of the spring 36 in direction of the handle 15 when the tourniquet is applied upon a body member.
The application of pressure is obvious, Since the resistance of the body member against the tightening of the arcuate portions 16, 16 is suiciently great to cause the inward motion of the plunger 37 to compress the spring 36 as the nut end bears against the plunger to move with relation to the sleeve 30, with the consequence that the pointer 39 moves with relation to index marks 42 on the sleeve 30 as the spring is compressed. By experimentation and empiricism, the indicia marks 42 are 1ocatedrto represent poundsrof'pressure applied, and thus,
aswthery surgeonor operator tightensup Y on l the nut 40,-'
the movement of the handle 39 inwardly toward the han- -dle indicates accurately the value of the pressure as suchpressurelisiincreased."
Thelshbulder 431 is of a -con'gurati'on to move downf Wardlyalng theaouter face -offthel arcuatepart-201as" thezpressure'lis increased, orto recede outwardlyalong suchf-part as Lpressurelmaybe decreased, thus permittingthe anglelbetween thegmandrel 27'and handle. 15c to vary asthefsub'tendedfanglefvaries'between the handles 15;
and-15 as Vthe itourniquet is tightened In' orderito'rpermit the removal ofthe nut -40eand' of'l theA otherx gaugefparts; thebcapI -or -head 43 onthef end of the mandrel f- 2T is threadablyl removable therefromsoA` thatlthe nut 40=maypass -over f thel threadsl29`A Because the-"sleeve 30andthe plunger 37' mustA slidev over! they thread'si 29,'.` it is of; importance--thatthese threads` are-A especiall'yftetnperedand ofat or Acme type'shape, as= statedhereinabove, in order towithstand any abradingorbulrfringlwhichmigh't otherwise occurin continualfusage.V The ends 45 and 45 of the arcuate portionsf 16,A 16 respectively, are curvedoutwardly atan angleto such por tions as vshown?infFigure- 1 for=the purposeof'avoiding;
abruptend'contactwiththe body member embraced inl thefcourse ofinstallation, operation, orremoval.
In providing'a tourniquet of Ythis class, objections to the=prior artiare -obviated, such as vthe objection tothedeterioration of "pneumaticallyoperated 'tourniquets constructedof'rubber, in which thereis likelihood of an 'unequalappl'ication and lossof pressure due to leakagey orfrubber deterioration.
tourniquetted'member; which might otherwiseV take'place withsuch pneumatic# devices; Also, it is possible` to accurately; and4 positively gauge the pressure applied,
increase andi-decrease such pressure, and observe such"r pressurewithfaccuracy at all times, as isnot the case:
withr other devices of the general class wherein inaccuracies occur in gauges measuringfluid-or. pneumatic pres-- decrease, the application` of forceA to the: tourniquetted" body member While at the same timeindicatingrthespressureapplied.` It is-assertedV that the' broad spiritoths.
invention is not' limitedT to the embodiment described andi shownlinil the drawings attached hereto :but many` othertvariations :and modications are stated to fall within the"broad1scope ofrsuch invention and withiny the. broad scope claimed and merited for the appended claims'.`
What is': claimed A-is:.
l. A? tourniquet: comprising two pivotally. connected' arms Aeaoh'having .handle portions with"v grips. at oneend. thereof. and theepivot'l supportedl at the .other end; thereof'l and; anarcuate, tourniquetted. memberA embracingfpor-` tion'ionzthe opposite-.sideof saidpivotvfrom saidlhandle.l
portion,.said'armsfbeing assembled'with arcuate portions:
iur-opposition to boundfaspace of substantially. oval crosssecton, al gauge pivotally. connectedlto one handlepor.- tion.` and;extending:past therother handle portion fand in-y cluding:aishoulderfto-bear thereagainst, a1 force apply:-
in'g: memberY tendingilto force said otherl handle .portion-vv toward said first handle portionto therebyVy tighten the grasp@ of isaid'tourniquettedi memberembracingLportions, aniindicia,1 on said gauge, and a.- pointer; movable. withv saidf'force applying member and with relation tosaid indicia= tolindicatethe pressureapplied by said embracing portions:
2 A.' tourniquet comprising two 'pivotally connected arms`eacli having` a handle portion andan' arcuate, tournqu'etted member? embracing portion, said'l arms Also therigidity of the parts on*- this invention, .and-the spacingapart 'of the over-crossingV` parts of thel arcuate portions prevent slippage along .the`
being pivotally connected between said handle and arcuate-portions and so assembled -that'assaidvhandlesare drawn together said arcuate portions are tightened upon said embraced member, a gauge including a mandrel pivotally connected to one of said handle portions and extending past the other handle portion, a sleeve connected to said other handle portion and extending over said mandrel and having an inner 'end to bear upon said other handle portion andan internal shoulder adjacent said inner end, a springY extending around said mandrel and bearing inwardly upon said/internal-shoulder, a slot in the wall of said sleeve, a plunger extending around said mandrel with'inner-end to bear'upon said spring, an indicia on said sleeve, a pointer connected to said plunger through said slot and a nut threadable upon said mandrel to bear inwardly upon said plunger against the tension of said spring to force said handle portions together and tighten the embrace of said arcuate portions as said pointervmoves-withrelation to'said 'indicia to indicate the pressure applied toV- said embraced fmember.
3? A tourniquetcomprisingtwo pivotally'connectedv armsv each having a: handleI portion and an Y arcuate,V tourniquetted memberembracing portion,y said arms being pivotally'v connected between ysaidh'andle and arcuate portions'v and so-assembledthat as said handles are drawn' together saidrarcuate-portionsrnoretightly embrace said tourniquettedY member,v and ar-glauge-connectedto'one handle portion Vand-bearing lagainst the other handle portionfand `adaptedE tolapplyforcev to-draw said handlestogetherY and including an indicia and' a pointer movable withfrelation ythereto as said'force is applied -soth'a-t said pointerrindicates thepressnre applied-fto-said embraced" member.
4. A tourniquet comprising two pivota-ll-yY connected arms eachhaving ahandie portion-andan arcuate, tourniquetted Imember* embracingfpcrtion, said arms beingf pivotally connected i between said handle and arcuate portionsandso assembled-that as-saidhandles-are drawnl together saidiarcuateJ portions more` tightlyembrace said-v tourniquetted-member, andla gaugefcennected to one-f handle'. portion z and bearing againstf the other handle-,Aportion and adapted to apply( forcetofdraw saidhandles`| together and includingfan indicia andvaY-p'ointermovable Withlrelation thereto as-saidforce is applied so thatfsaid"` pointer' indicatesthe pressure appliedto-fsaid embraced member, said"arcnate portions contacting said embraced f memberinwspaced apart.Y relationon'the opposite side thereof' from saidpivot to prevent Zsaid tourniquetfrom rolling or sliding on said embraced Amember;
5. A'. tourniquet; comprising two pivotally. connected arms: each having auf handle portion i and? an.. arcuate, tourniquettedv member'embracing portion, said arms being: pivotallyf. connectedl ybetween [said handle andarcuateportions and: soassembledFth-at: ascsaid handles arel dra-Wn together'saiduaronate portions more; tightly embracev saidf' tourniquetted'frnernb'er, and? aiy gaugev connected to= one' handle portion tand .1 bearing aga'u'istthe other handle portion and adapted to apply force to draw:z saidhandles together. andincludingemeans relatively. movable as.said force: is applied ltorindicatethe` pressure applied: toxsaidA embraced member.
6. Av tourniquet. comprising:r two' pivotally.I connected arms each having a handle portion and a tourniquetteds member embracing portion; saidVv arms.. being pivota'lly connected between said handle and arcuate portionstand. so assembled/thatY as lsaid .handles are-drawn together; said portions more tightly embrace said tourniquetted 'rnemb'eig^ and means connectedfto one `handle portion y and f bearin g againstthe other.I handlev portion andy including `threadt engagedvmeans relatively' movable to drawsaidfhandles together to thereby-increasethepressure of said portions onk said' embraced member; andalso includingmeansadapted 'to *indicateV the 'pressure beingV applied 7. A' tourniquet comprising two'pivotally connected. arms eachhaving an extendingportion and a tourniquetted member embracing portion, said arms being pivotally connected between the extending portions and the tourniquetted member embracing portions thereof and so assembled that as said extending portions are drawn together said tourniquetted member embracing portions more tigbtiy embrace said member, said tourniquet including means connected to one extending portion and adjustably bearing against the other extending portion and adapted to indicate the pressure being applied to said member.
References Cited in the le of this patent UNTED STATES PATENTS 1,957,992 Cohen May 3, 1934
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US434873A US2715403A (en) | 1954-06-07 | 1954-06-07 | Tourniquet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US434873A US2715403A (en) | 1954-06-07 | 1954-06-07 | Tourniquet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2715403A true US2715403A (en) | 1955-08-16 |
Family
ID=23726051
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US434873A Expired - Lifetime US2715403A (en) | 1954-06-07 | 1954-06-07 | Tourniquet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2715403A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5997545A (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 1999-12-07 | Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. | Knee incision tensile gauge |
| US20110112570A1 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-12 | Sandeep Mannava | Tissue tensioning devices and related methods |
| USD858787S1 (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2019-09-03 | Justin Ten Eyck | Massage tool |
| US10426459B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2019-10-01 | Mortise Medical, LLC | Extra joint stabilization construct |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1957992A (en) * | 1932-09-27 | 1934-05-08 | Cohen Harry | Tourniquet |
-
1954
- 1954-06-07 US US434873A patent/US2715403A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1957992A (en) * | 1932-09-27 | 1934-05-08 | Cohen Harry | Tourniquet |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5997545A (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 1999-12-07 | Johnson & Johnson Professional, Inc. | Knee incision tensile gauge |
| US20110112570A1 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2011-05-12 | Sandeep Mannava | Tissue tensioning devices and related methods |
| US8926626B2 (en) * | 2009-11-10 | 2015-01-06 | Wake Forest University Health Sciences | Tissue tensioning devices and related methods |
| US10426459B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2019-10-01 | Mortise Medical, LLC | Extra joint stabilization construct |
| US10426460B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2019-10-01 | Mortise Medical, LLC | Compression and tension instruments and methods of use to reinforce ligaments |
| US10682131B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2020-06-16 | Crossroads Extremity Systems, Llc | Intra joint stabilization construct |
| US10842480B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2020-11-24 | Crossroads Extremity Systems, Llc | Multiple suture threader and methods of use |
| US11234688B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2022-02-01 | Crossroads Extremity Systems, Llc | Compression and tension instruments and methods of use to reinforce ligaments |
| US11241225B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2022-02-08 | Crossroads Extremity Systems, Llc | Extra joint stabilization construct |
| US11937801B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2024-03-26 | Crossroads Extremity Systems, Llc | Intra joint stabilization construct |
| USD858787S1 (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2019-09-03 | Justin Ten Eyck | Massage tool |
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