US2712509A - Glass fiber filament strand and method of manufacturing glass fabric - Google Patents
Glass fiber filament strand and method of manufacturing glass fabric Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2712509A US2712509A US24241151A US2712509A US 2712509 A US2712509 A US 2712509A US 24241151 A US24241151 A US 24241151A US 2712509 A US2712509 A US 2712509A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- glass fibers
- percent
- weight
- fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 58
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title description 21
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- -1 POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009986 fabric formation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012260 resinous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000001727 glucose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- UQDUPQYQJKYHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl laurate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC UQDUPQYQJKYHQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWFYPPSBLUWMFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(1,4,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NN=C(O1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=C2 AWFYPPSBLUWMFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTFUTSCZYYCBAY-SXBRIOAWSA-N 6-[(E)-C-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-N-hydroxycarbonimidoyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C/C(=N/O)/C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 WTFUTSCZYYCBAY-SXBRIOAWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000004221 Multiple Trauma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012644 addition polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- JMGZBMRVDHKMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OS(=O)(=O)C(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O JMGZBMRVDHKMKB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBRNMIYLJIXXEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylazanium;acetate Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCN HBRNMIYLJIXXEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001522 polyglycol ester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AOBMIXQSBXYCFW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COP([O-])(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC AOBMIXQSBXYCFW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
- C03C25/10—Coating
- C03C25/24—Coatings containing organic materials
- C03C25/26—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers
- C03C25/28—Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C03C25/30—Polyolefins
- C03C25/305—Polyfluoroolefins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2938—Coating on discrete and individual rods, strands or filaments
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
- Y10T428/31645—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
Definitions
- Ciaims. (Cl. 117-126) This invention relates to the treatment of glass fibers and it reiates more particularly to the application of new and improved size to glass fiber filaments to improve the physical and electrical properties of strands, yarns and fabrics formed thereof and to increase their chemical and heat resistance.
- glass fibers in filament, strand, yarn or textile form have been successfully coated with polytetrailuoroethylene resinous material to produce a new and improved glass fiber product by treatment of the fibers in filament form with a dispersion of polytetrafiuoroethylene resinous material in particle form and a fugitive binder which functions to hold the filaments together in strand or yarn form capable of removal from the forming package onto which it is formed, twisted into cones or multiple wound upon new packages for braiding onto wire or the like, or woven into tapes and cloth, or formed into other fibrous fabrics.
- the fiber sized with the polytetrafluoroethylene particles and fugitive binder are heated to a temperature in excess of that necessary to effect coalescence of the particles of polytetrafluoroethylene to form a substantially uniform coating thereof on the glass fiber surfaces.
- the fugitive binder is substantially disposed of such that the polytetrafiuoroethylene coating is relied upon thereafter for bonding the filaments in their bundle arrangement.
- the polytetrfiuoroethylene particles and fugitive binder are preferably applied as asize to the glass fiber filaments in forming, as in the manner described in my Patent No. 2,392,805, which issued on January 15, 1946 for a Glass Fiber Strand.
- a plurality of streams of molten glass issuing from a melting bushing are rapidly attenuated by a winding drum into very fine filaments which are brought together at a roll applicator where size may be applied to coat the individual glass filaments.
- the sized filaments in bundle form are wound upon the attenuating drum and subsequently removed therefrom for packaging or the like.
- the dispersion of polyt'etrafluoroethylene resinous material in particle form and the fugitive binder it is preferred separately to apply the dispersion of polyt'etrafluoroethylene resinous material in particle form and the fugitive binder and for such purpose two roll applicators may be used for application of the dispersion of the polytetrafiuoroethylene from the first followed by application of fugitive binder by the second.
- the dispersion of polytetrafiuoroethylene may be applied by the roll applicator and the fugitive binder later applied by a graphite wheel or else wiped upon the filaments by a wiping pad.
- application of the polyzetrafiuoroethylene and fugitive binder may be made by way of a single composition containing the fugitive binder in solution or dispersion with the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene dispersed therewith.
- the fugitive binder may be applied as a hot melt
- the particles polytetrafiuoroethylene may be dispersed therein as the temperature of the melt is below that capable of fusing the particles.
- particles of polytetrafluoroethyiene in the desired concentration may be dispersed in wax or paraffin heated to a temperature insufiicient to fuse the polytetrafluoroethylene but sufficient to reduce the wax or parafiin to molten condition (300400 F.) for application as a hot melt onto the glass fibers or filaments.
- polytetrafiuoroethylene may be made with dispersions containing 1-10 percent by weight of the resinous material in particle form. .It is preferred, however, to apply dispersions or suspensions containing 25 percent by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene so as to secure about l3 percent by weight of the resinous material on the glass fibers in final form.
- the particles may be coalesced in situ on the glass fiber surfaces by heating at a temperature in the range of 650900 F. for a time depending upon the particular polymer and temperature employed. For example, one minute at 700 F.
- the polytetrafiuoroethylene resinous material I coats the fibers and functions as a binder to impart the desired improvement in strands, yarns and fabrics formed therewith.
- fugitive binder which functions to hold the together until the polytetrafiuorethylene is heated for coalescence
- binder substances are suitable for glass or mineral fibers and capable of removal in substantial amounts when heated to temperatures in the range of 650-900 F.
- Such binders, capabie of solution in aqueous medium, such as gelatin, starch, glucose and the like, may be applied in solutions containing from 52() percent by Weight of the binder soiids and preferably formulated with a lubricant in amounts ranging from 6.5-4 percent by Weight.
- Suitable lubricants include oils, such as vegetable oils of the type cocoanut oil, soybean oil, peanut oil and hydrogenated oils of the type described and mixtures thereof, and fatty acid esters of the type butyl stearate and polyglycol esters of fatty acids.
- a small amount such as from G.li.0 percent by weight, surface active agent or wetting agent such as a long chain fatty acid amine salt, cationic fatty acid amine or fatty acid quaternary ammonium compound represented by lauryl amine acetate, stearyl amine chloride and the like, or a condensation product of amines and acids such as formed from tetraethylene pentamine with a fatty acid neutralized with acetic acid.
- surface active agent or wetting agent such as a long chain fatty acid amine salt, cationic fatty acid amine or fatty acid quaternary ammonium compound represented by lauryl amine acetate, stearyl amine chloride and the like, or a condensation product of amines and acids such as formed from tetraethylene pentamine with a fatty acid neutralized with acetic acid.
- Water insoluble binders which include waxes, parafiins and the like may be applied from aqueous dispersions containing from 3-30percent by weight of the binder or else they EXAMPLE 1 Composition A V 5 percent by weight polytetrafluoroethylene 94.5 percent by Weight water .0.5 percent by weight wetting agent Composition B 10 percent by weight parafiin 89.8.
- the wetting agent may be selected of anionic compounds such as the sodium salts of a sulphated acid ester represented by the dioctyl ester of 0 sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium salt of sulphated lorol and ,myristyl colomide, sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, sodium saltjof alkyl naphthalene sulphonic acid, fatty alcohol sulphates, sodium oleyl methyl laurate, sodium di(2-ethyl hexyl) phosphate and the like, or other suitable wetting agents well known in the industry.
- anionic compounds such as the sodium salts of a sulphated acid ester represented by the dioctyl ester of 0 sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium salt of sulphated lorol and ,myristyl colomide, sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, sodium saltjof alkyl naphthalene s
- Composition A is applied to the glass fiber filaments in forming, as by a roll applicator, and Composition B is applied onto theglass fiber filaments after the first roll applicator by a wiper pad or the like. About 1 /2 percent by weight polytetrafiuoroethylene based upon the weight of the glass fibers is deposited on the glass fiber surfaces.
- the paraffin of Composition B functions to bind the filaments in bundle form and functions as a temporary binder while the bundle is formed into strands and twisted into yarns, wound upon'packages or cones for use as braiding upon wires, or for use in the fabrication of woven or unwoven textiles or fibrous structures.
- the fibers When in position of use or even in'advance thereof while in 5/ yarn or strand form, the fibers are heated for 1-4 minutes at 700 F. whereby the fugitive binder is substantially eliminated or inactivated and the polytetrafiuo roeth ylene particles are coalesced to coat the glass fibers substantially throughout their lengths and assume the function of the binder to hold the filaments together.
- the fugitive binder functions to secure the fibers together until the polytetrafiuoroethylene is able to function as the binder component in the fibrous structure.
- the product hereof has markedly improved chemical resistance, excellent electrical properties, good weather resistance, high strength and is able to withstand variable and extended temperatures ranging from 70 C. to 250 C;
- Composition C 3 percent by weight polytetrafiuoroethylene 96 percent by weight water 1 percent by weight wetting agent Composition D 0.3 percent by weight non-ionic emulsifying agent 87.2 percent by weight water
- Composition C is applied to the glass fibers in forming as the fibers are brought together over the roll applicator and then Composition D is applied by a graphite wheel. The compositions are allowed to air dry on the fibers while arranged in bundle form and wound about an attenuating drum. About 1 percent by weight of the polytetrafiuoroethylene, based upon the weight of glass fibers, is deposited on-the surfaces of the glass fiber filaments,
- the glass fibers are heated for 12 minutes at a temperature of about 800 F. whereby the temporary starch binder is replaced as the binding element by the polytetrafluoroethylene which is coalesced to provide a coating on the glass fiber filaments.
- Composition E a 2 percent by weight polytetrafluoroethylene in particle form 97.5 percent by weight water 0.5 percent by weight wetting agent Composition F 10 percent by weight paraffin 89 percent by weight water 1 percent by weight dispersing agent polytetrafluoroethylene are coalesced in situ on the glass fiber surfaces to coat the fibers and bind them together and replace the parafi'in as the operative binder for the glass fibers.
- EXAMPLE 4 5 percent by weight polytetrafiuoroethylene in particle form 10 percent by weight wax 83.8 percent by weight water 0.2 percent by weight dispersing agent The size of Example 4 is applied by a single treatment at the roll applicator as the fibers are gathered together and then wound upon the attenuating roll. When in the desired strand, yarn or fabric form, the fibers are heated to a temperature of 750 F. for 2-3 minutes to fuse and coalesce the polytetrafiuoroethylene which thereafter coats the fibers substantially throughout their lengths and functions as the binder.
- EXAMPLE 5 4 percentby weight polytetrafiuoroethylene in particle form 8 percent by weight gelatin 0.2 percent by weight wetting agent 1 percent by weight oil 86 percent by weight water 0.3 percent by weight non-ionic dispersing or emulsifying agent
- this formulation a single composition is formed in which the polytetrafluoroethylene is dispersed in the aqueous solution of gelatin. The composition is applied at the roll applicator and the yarns or fabrics treated as previously described in Examples l4.
- EXAMPLE 6 10 percent by weight polytetrafiuoroethylene is dispersed in particle form in paraffin reduced to molten condition at 356 F. for application as a hot melt onto the glass fiber filaments as they are drawn together over a graphite wheel.
- the parafiin functions temporarily to hold the fibers together in bundle form until the polytetrafiuoroethylene is coalesced by heating the glass fibers at a temperature of 750 1 for 5 minutes.
- fusion or coalescence may be achieved at lower temperature than that previously set forth for polytetrafiuoroethylene, but in any event, it is desirable to make use of temperatures in excess of 600 F. for substantial elimination or inactivation of the fugitive binder.
- the steps of sizing the fibers with polytetrafiuoroethylene in particle form and a fugitive binder characterized by supplying the function of a binder until the fibers are heated to fuse the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene, processing the fibers into a woven fabric and then heating the fibers at a temperature within the range of 650-800" F. until the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene are coalesced.
- the fugitive binder is a material selected from the group consisting of waxes and parafiins applied as an aqueous dispersion in concentrations ranging from 3-30 percent by weight.
- the fugitive binder is a material selected from the group consisting of waxes and paraflins heated to molten condition for application onto the glass fiber filaments as a hot melt.
- the fugitive binder is a water soluble organic material selected from the group consisting of gelatin, starch and glucose present in solution in amounts ranging from 5-20 percent by Weight.
- the method of manufacturing a fabric of glass fibers comprising the steps of sizing the glass fiber filaments with a composition containing 1-1() percent by weight of polytetrafiuoroethylene in particle form and a fugitive binder characterized by its function to bind the filaments together into strands until the fibers are heated to an elevated temperature for coalescence of the particles of polytetrafluoroethylene processing the strands of glass fibers into a fabric, and then heating the fibers in the fabric at a temperature within the range of 650-900" F. for a time sufficient to coalesce the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene in situ on the glass fiber surfaces.
- the fugitive binder is a compound selected from the group consisting of waxes and paraflins dispersed with the polytetrafiuoroethylene particles in aqueous medium in concentrations ranging from 33() percent by weight.
- the fugitive binder is a compound selected from the group consisting of waxes and parafiins heated to molten condition for application onto the glass fiber filaments as a hot melt and in which the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene are dispersed.
- the fugitive binder is a compound selected from the group consisting of gelatin, starch and glucose in solution in aqueous medium in concentrations ranging from 5-20 percent by weight and in which the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene are dispersed.
- the improvement which employs as the size a composition the solids of which consist essentially of polytetrafluoroethylene in particle form and a fugitive binder which functions temporarily to bond the fibers during fabric formation and in which the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene function in the size to improve the processing characteristics of the glass fibers in fabric formation.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
United States Patent fitice 2,712,509 i 'atented July 5, 1955 gun GLASS FIBER FILM/BENT STRAND AND METHGD 0F IvIANUFACTURING GLASS FABRIC Lawrence P. Biefeid, Granviile, Ghio, assignor to Givens- Corning Fiberglass Corporation, a corporation of Betaware No Drawing. Appiicatiou August 17, 1951, Selim No. 242,411
11 Ciaims. (Cl. 117-126) This invention relates to the treatment of glass fibers and it reiates more particularly to the application of new and improved size to glass fiber filaments to improve the physical and electrical properties of strands, yarns and fabrics formed thereof and to increase their chemical and heat resistance.
In order to improve the characteristics and properties of strands, yarns and fabrics of glass fibers, numerous attempts have been made to coat the strands, yarns and fabrics with polytetrafluoroethylene, a resinous material having a self lubricating slippery surface and characterized by chemical resistance, excellent physical properties and resistance to deterioration at high surface temperatures. Because of the physical nature of the polytetrafiuoroethylene resinous material, application has been limited while in the form of fine particles dispersed in aqueous medium. It has been found that the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene are unable to penetrate satisfactorily into the yarns sufficient to achieve the desired coverage and bonding relation and that the dispersion of polytetrafiuorocthylene resinous material is incapable of developing a bonding relation unless fused in situ on the glass fiber surfaces. As a result, attempts heretofore made to use polytetrailuoroethylene in the treatment of glass fibers have failed.
In accordance with the practice of this invention, glass fibers in filament, strand, yarn or textile form have been successfully coated with polytetrailuoroethylene resinous material to produce a new and improved glass fiber product by treatment of the fibers in filament form with a dispersion of polytetrafiuoroethylene resinous material in particle form and a fugitive binder which functions to hold the filaments together in strand or yarn form capable of removal from the forming package onto which it is formed, twisted into cones or multiple wound upon new packages for braiding onto wire or the like, or woven into tapes and cloth, or formed into other fibrous fabrics. When in position or" use, the fiber sized with the polytetrafluoroethylene particles and fugitive binder are heated to a temperature in excess of that necessary to effect coalescence of the particles of polytetrafluoroethylene to form a substantially uniform coating thereof on the glass fiber surfaces. At the tem erature of coalescence, the fugitive binder is substantially disposed of such that the polytetrafiuoroethylene coating is relied upon thereafter for bonding the filaments in their bundle arrangement.
The polytetrfiuoroethylene particles and fugitive binder are preferably applied as asize to the glass fiber filaments in forming, as in the manner described in my Patent No. 2,392,805, which issued on January 15, 1946 for a Glass Fiber Strand. As described therein, a plurality of streams of molten glass issuing from a melting bushing are rapidly attenuated by a winding drum into very fine filaments which are brought together at a roll applicator where size may be applied to coat the individual glass filaments. The sized filaments in bundle form are wound upon the attenuating drum and subsequently removed therefrom for packaging or the like.
in the practice of this invention it is preferred separately to apply the dispersion of polyt'etrafluoroethylene resinous material in particle form and the fugitive binder and for such purpose two roll applicators may be used for application of the dispersion of the polytetrafiuoroethylene from the first followed by application of fugitive binder by the second. in the alternative, the dispersion of polytetrafiuoroethylene may be applied by the roll applicator and the fugitive binder later applied by a graphite wheel or else wiped upon the filaments by a wiping pad.
By way of further modification, application of the polyzetrafiuoroethylene and fugitive binder may be made by way of a single composition containing the fugitive binder in solution or dispersion with the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene dispersed therewith. Where the fugitive binder may be applied as a hot melt, the particles polytetrafiuoroethylene may be dispersed therein as the temperature of the melt is below that capable of fusing the particles. For example, particles of polytetrafluoroethyiene in the desired concentration may be dispersed in wax or paraffin heated to a temperature insufiicient to fuse the polytetrafluoroethylene but sufficient to reduce the wax or parafiin to molten condition (300400 F.) for application as a hot melt onto the glass fibers or filaments.
Application of polytetrafiuoroethylene may be made with dispersions containing 1-10 percent by weight of the resinous material in particle form. .It is preferred, however, to apply dispersions or suspensions containing 25 percent by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene so as to secure about l3 percent by weight of the resinous material on the glass fibers in final form. The particles may be coalesced in situ on the glass fiber surfaces by heating at a temperature in the range of 650900 F. for a time depending upon the particular polymer and temperature employed. For example, one minute at 700 F. is sufficient but 45 minutes is often used and still less time may be employed at higher temperatures, although longer time may be used, if permissible, to achieve more complete removal of the fugitive binder and more complete fusion and coalescence of the polytetrafluoroethylene on the glass fiber surfaces. 'Wheu so fused in situ on the glass fibers, the polytetrafiuoroethylene resinous material I coats the fibers and functions as a binder to impart the desired improvement in strands, yarns and fabrics formed therewith.
As the fugitive binder which functions to hold the together until the polytetrafiuorethylene is heated for coalescence, use may be made of wax, paraffin, gelatin, starch, glucose and other binder substances, alone or in various combinations. These binder substances are suitable for glass or mineral fibers and capable of removal in substantial amounts when heated to temperatures in the range of 650-900 F. Such binders, capabie of solution in aqueous medium, such as gelatin, starch, glucose and the like, may be applied in solutions containing from 52() percent by Weight of the binder soiids and preferably formulated with a lubricant in amounts ranging from 6.5-4 percent by Weight. Suitable lubricants include oils, such as vegetable oils of the type cocoanut oil, soybean oil, peanut oil and hydrogenated oils of the type described and mixtures thereof, and fatty acid esters of the type butyl stearate and polyglycol esters of fatty acids. Further improvement is secured by the use of a small amount, such as from G.li.0 percent by weight, surface active agent or wetting agent such as a long chain fatty acid amine salt, cationic fatty acid amine or fatty acid quaternary ammonium compound represented by lauryl amine acetate, stearyl amine chloride and the like, or a condensation product of amines and acids such as formed from tetraethylene pentamine with a fatty acid neutralized with acetic acid. Water insoluble binders, which include waxes, parafiins and the like may be applied from aqueous dispersions containing from 3-30percent by weight of the binder or else they EXAMPLE 1 Composition A V 5 percent by weight polytetrafluoroethylene 94.5 percent by Weight water .0.5 percent by weight wetting agent Composition B 10 percent by weight parafiin 89.8. percent by weight water 0.2 percent by weight emulsifying agent in Composition A, the wetting agent may be selected of anionic compounds such as the sodium salts of a sulphated acid ester represented by the dioctyl ester of 0 sodium sulfosuccinate, sodium salt of sulphated lorol and ,myristyl colomide, sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, sodium saltjof alkyl naphthalene sulphonic acid, fatty alcohol sulphates, sodium oleyl methyl laurate, sodium di(2-ethyl hexyl) phosphate and the like, or other suitable wetting agents well known in the industry.
Composition A. is applied to the glass fiber filaments in forming, as by a roll applicator, and Composition B is applied onto theglass fiber filaments after the first roll applicator by a wiper pad or the like. About 1 /2 percent by weight polytetrafiuoroethylene based upon the weight of the glass fibers is deposited on the glass fiber surfaces.
The paraffin of Composition B functions to bind the filaments in bundle form and functions as a temporary binder while the bundle is formed into strands and twisted into yarns, wound upon'packages or cones for use as braiding upon wires, or for use in the fabrication of woven or unwoven textiles or fibrous structures. When in position of use or even in'advance thereof while in 5/ yarn or strand form, the fibers are heated for 1-4 minutes at 700 F. whereby the fugitive binder is substantially eliminated or inactivated and the polytetrafiuo roeth ylene particles are coalesced to coat the glass fibers substantially throughout their lengths and assume the function of the binder to hold the filaments together.
Thus the fugitive binder functions to secure the fibers together until the polytetrafiuoroethylene is able to function as the binder component in the fibrous structure.
The product hereof has markedly improved chemical resistance, excellent electrical properties, good weather resistance, high strength and is able to withstand variable and extended temperatures ranging from 70 C. to 250 C;
EXAMPLE 2 Composition C 3 percent by weight polytetrafiuoroethylene 96 percent by weight water 1 percent by weight wetting agent Composition D 0.3 percent by weight non-ionic emulsifying agent 87.2 percent by weight water Composition C is applied to the glass fibers in forming as the fibers are brought together over the roll applicator and then Composition D is applied by a graphite wheel. The compositions are allowed to air dry on the fibers while arranged in bundle form and wound about an attenuating drum. About 1 percent by weight of the polytetrafiuoroethylene, based upon the weight of glass fibers, is deposited on-the surfaces of the glass fiber filaments,
After the bundles of sized fibers are formed into yarns, tape, fabric, or braided about wire or the like, the glass fibers are heated for 12 minutes at a temperature of about 800 F. whereby the temporary starch binder is replaced as the binding element by the polytetrafluoroethylene which is coalesced to provide a coating on the glass fiber filaments.
EXAMPLE 3 Composition E a 2 percent by weight polytetrafluoroethylene in particle form 97.5 percent by weight water 0.5 percent by weight wetting agent Composition F 10 percent by weight paraffin 89 percent by weight water 1 percent by weight dispersing agent polytetrafluoroethylene are coalesced in situ on the glass fiber surfaces to coat the fibers and bind them together and replace the parafi'in as the operative binder for the glass fibers.
EXAMPLE 4 5 percent by weight polytetrafiuoroethylene in particle form 10 percent by weight wax 83.8 percent by weight water 0.2 percent by weight dispersing agent The size of Example 4 is applied by a single treatment at the roll applicator as the fibers are gathered together and then wound upon the attenuating roll. When in the desired strand, yarn or fabric form, the fibers are heated to a temperature of 750 F. for 2-3 minutes to fuse and coalesce the polytetrafiuoroethylene which thereafter coats the fibers substantially throughout their lengths and functions as the binder.
EXAMPLE 5 4 percentby weight polytetrafiuoroethylene in particle form 8 percent by weight gelatin 0.2 percent by weight wetting agent 1 percent by weight oil 86 percent by weight water 0.3 percent by weight non-ionic dispersing or emulsifying agent In this formulation a single composition is formed in which the polytetrafluoroethylene is dispersed in the aqueous solution of gelatin. The composition is applied at the roll applicator and the yarns or fabrics treated as previously described in Examples l4.
EXAMPLE 6 10 percent by weight polytetrafiuoroethylene is dispersed in particle form in paraffin reduced to molten condition at 356 F. for application as a hot melt onto the glass fiber filaments as they are drawn together over a graphite wheel. The parafiin functions temporarily to hold the fibers together in bundle form until the polytetrafiuoroethylene is coalesced by heating the glass fibers at a temperature of 750 1 for 5 minutes.
Though not equivalent in the sense of chemical composition and properties, use may be made of other polymeric materials, such as polytn'chlorofiuoroethylene and copolymers of tetrafiuoroethylene and trichlorofluoro' ethylene with one or more polymerizable organic compounds containing an ethylene group for addition polymerization, such as vinyl chloride, vinylideneichloride, acrylic esters and allryl arcylic esters, such as methyl methacrylate. With such copolymers, fusion or coalescence may be achieved at lower temperature than that previously set forth for polytetrafiuoroethylene, but in any event, it is desirable to make use of temperatures in excess of 600 F. for substantial elimination or inactivation of the fugitive binder.
It will be apparent from the description that I have provided means for incorporating polytetrafiuoroethylene as a size for glass fibers in a manner to make use of the polytetrafiuoroethylene resinous material as a binder and coating for the glass fibers with the result that a new and improved fibrous product is secured having high temperature stability, excellent chemical resistance, good electrical properties, excellent feel, and high strength.
It will be understood that changes may be made in the specific formulations and their method of application and treatment without departing from the spirit of the invention, especially as defined in the following claims.
I claim:
1. In the method of manufacturing a fabric of glass fibers, the steps of sizing the filaments of glass fibers with polytetrafiuoroethylene in particle form and a fugitive binder which functions temporarily to bind the fibers together into endless bundles, processing the bundles of glass fibers into a fabric, and heating the fabric to a temperature ranging from 650-900 F. for a time suificient to coalesce the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene.
2. In the method of manufacturing a fabric of glass fibers, the steps of sizing the fibers with polytetrafiuoroethylene in particle form and a fugitive binder characterized by supplying the function of a binder until the fibers are heated to fuse the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene, processing the fibers into a woven fabric and then heating the fibers at a temperature within the range of 650-800" F. until the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene are coalesced.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1 in which the fugitive binder is a material selected from the group consisting of waxes and parafiins applied as an aqueous dispersion in concentrations ranging from 3-30 percent by weight.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 in which the fugitive binder is a material selected from the group consisting of waxes and paraflins heated to molten condition for application onto the glass fiber filaments as a hot melt.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1 in which the fugitive binder is a water soluble organic material selected from the group consisting of gelatin, starch and glucose present in solution in amounts ranging from 5-20 percent by Weight.
6. The method of manufacturing a fabric of glass fibers comprising the steps of sizing the glass fiber filaments with a composition containing 1-1() percent by weight of polytetrafiuoroethylene in particle form and a fugitive binder characterized by its function to bind the filaments together into strands until the fibers are heated to an elevated temperature for coalescence of the particles of polytetrafluoroethylene processing the strands of glass fibers into a fabric, and then heating the fibers in the fabric at a temperature within the range of 650-900" F. for a time sufficient to coalesce the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene in situ on the glass fiber surfaces.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6 in which the fugitive binder is a compound selected from the group consisting of waxes and paraflins dispersed with the polytetrafiuoroethylene particles in aqueous medium in concentrations ranging from 33() percent by weight.
8. The method of treating glass fibers as claimed in claim 6 in which the fugitive binder is a compound selected from the group consisting of waxes and parafiins heated to molten condition for application onto the glass fiber filaments as a hot melt and in which the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene are dispersed.
9. The method as claimed in claim 6 in which the fugitive binder is a compound selected from the group consisting of gelatin, starch and glucose in solution in aqueous medium in concentrations ranging from 5-20 percent by weight and in which the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene are dispersed.
10. Strands formed of a multiplicity of parallel glass fiber filaments each of which is coated with a size consisting of polytetrafiuoroethylene in particle form and a fugitive binder which functions temporarily to bond the filaments in the strand and in which the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene function to improve the processing characteristics of the strand of glass fibers.
11. In the method of manufacturing a fabric of glass fibers by s zing glass fibers, forming a strand of the sized glass fibers, processing the strands into a fabric and heating the glass fibers after they have been formed into the fabric to a temperature within the range of 600-900 F., the improvement which employs as the size a composition the solids of which consist essentially of polytetrafluoroethylene in particle form and a fugitive binder which functions temporarily to bond the fibers during fabric formation and in which the particles of polytetrafiuoroethylene function in the size to improve the processing characteristics of the glass fibers in fabric formation.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,272,588 Simison Feb. 10, 1942 2,392,805 Biefeld Jan. 15, 1946 2,484,483 Berry Oct. 11, 1949 2,539,329 Sanders Ian. 23, 1951 2,566,960 Philipps Sept. 4, 1951
Claims (2)
10. STANDS FORMED OF A MULTIPLICITY OF PARALLEL GLASS FIBER FILAMENTS EACH OF WHICH IS COATED WITH A SIZE CONSISTING OF POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE IN PARTICLE FORM AND A FUGITIVE BINDER WIHCH FUNCTION TEMPORARILY TO BOTH THE FILAMENTS IN THE STAND AND IN WHICH THE PARTICLES OF POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE FUNCTION TO INPROVE THE PROCESSING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STRAND OF GLASS FIBERS.
11. IN THE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A FABRIC OF GLASS FIBERS BY SIZING GLASS FIBERS, FORMING A STRAND OF THE SIZE GLASS FIBERS, PROCESSING THE STRANDS INTO A FABRIC AND HEATING THE GLASS FIBERS AFTER THEY HAVE BEEN FORMED INTO THE FABRIC TO A TEMPERATURE WITH IN THE RANG OF 600-900* F., THE IMPROVEMENT WHICH EMPLOYS AS THE SIZE A COMPOSITION THE SOLIDS OF WHICH CONSIST ESSENTIALLY OF POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE IN PARTICLE FORM AND A FUGITIVE BINDER FABRIC FUNCTIONS TEMPORARILY TO BOND THE FIBERS DURING FABRIC FORMATION AND IN WHICH THE PARTICLES OF POLYTETRAFLUOROETHYLENE FUNCTION IN THE SIZE TO IMPROVE THE PROCESSING CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GLASS FIBERS IN FABRIC FORMATION.
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US24241151 US2712509A (en) | 1951-08-17 | 1951-08-17 | Glass fiber filament strand and method of manufacturing glass fabric |
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US24241151 US2712509A (en) | 1951-08-17 | 1951-08-17 | Glass fiber filament strand and method of manufacturing glass fabric |
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Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3012393A (en) * | 1960-11-21 | 1961-12-12 | Mohasco Ind Inc | Method and apparatus for the production of paper yarn |
US3015604A (en) * | 1957-05-02 | 1962-01-02 | Du Pont | Porous polytetrafluoroethylene article containing glass microballoons |
US3040413A (en) * | 1957-04-09 | 1962-06-26 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Glass fiber yarns and compositions for use in the manufacture of same |
US3066383A (en) * | 1957-02-14 | 1962-12-04 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Finish for staple glass fibers and yarns manufactured thereof |
US3306155A (en) * | 1964-06-23 | 1967-02-28 | Marlo Co Inc | Braided packing material |
US3350034A (en) * | 1965-10-23 | 1967-10-31 | Jesse M Madey | Satellite appendage tie-down cord |
US3366001A (en) * | 1964-12-11 | 1968-01-30 | Johns Manville | High strength-high temperature yarn |
US3395527A (en) * | 1964-06-23 | 1968-08-06 | Scandura Inc | Yarn and fabric made therefrom |
US3403595A (en) * | 1966-02-24 | 1968-10-01 | Garlock Inc | Graphite braided packing |
DE1290912B (en) * | 1960-06-29 | 1969-03-20 | Formica Internat Ltd | Process for the production of glass fiber material coated with perfluorocarbon polymers |
US3461575A (en) * | 1967-04-28 | 1969-08-19 | John C Tead | Sole for footwear |
US3489591A (en) * | 1967-02-16 | 1970-01-13 | Us Navy | Method of making radiation resistant fabric |
US3653949A (en) * | 1969-09-05 | 1972-04-04 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Coated fabrics and methods for applying coatings thereto |
US4450197A (en) * | 1982-04-14 | 1984-05-22 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Polytetrafluoroethylene-impregnated bundles of sized glass fibers |
US4539021A (en) * | 1982-04-14 | 1985-09-03 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Gas filtering method using fabric filter |
EP0218995A2 (en) * | 1985-10-07 | 1987-04-22 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Process for producing a waterproof cloth |
US4693928A (en) * | 1986-02-10 | 1987-09-15 | Pall Corporation | Porous, fibrous structures with thermoplastic fluorocarbon coating and method of making |
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US2272588A (en) * | 1937-07-31 | 1942-02-10 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Coating for fibrous glass strands |
US2392805A (en) * | 1943-10-11 | 1946-01-15 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Glass fiber strand |
US2484483A (en) * | 1945-07-26 | 1949-10-11 | Du Pont | Polytetrafluoroethylene dispersions |
US2539329A (en) * | 1949-04-09 | 1951-01-23 | Du Pont | Process of coating an inorganic fabric with polytetrafluoroethylene and product resulting therefrom |
US2566960A (en) * | 1948-10-12 | 1951-09-04 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Mineral fiber mat and process of making same |
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US2272588A (en) * | 1937-07-31 | 1942-02-10 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Coating for fibrous glass strands |
US2392805A (en) * | 1943-10-11 | 1946-01-15 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Glass fiber strand |
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Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3066383A (en) * | 1957-02-14 | 1962-12-04 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Finish for staple glass fibers and yarns manufactured thereof |
US3040413A (en) * | 1957-04-09 | 1962-06-26 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Glass fiber yarns and compositions for use in the manufacture of same |
US3015604A (en) * | 1957-05-02 | 1962-01-02 | Du Pont | Porous polytetrafluoroethylene article containing glass microballoons |
DE1290912B (en) * | 1960-06-29 | 1969-03-20 | Formica Internat Ltd | Process for the production of glass fiber material coated with perfluorocarbon polymers |
US3012393A (en) * | 1960-11-21 | 1961-12-12 | Mohasco Ind Inc | Method and apparatus for the production of paper yarn |
US3306155A (en) * | 1964-06-23 | 1967-02-28 | Marlo Co Inc | Braided packing material |
US3395527A (en) * | 1964-06-23 | 1968-08-06 | Scandura Inc | Yarn and fabric made therefrom |
US3366001A (en) * | 1964-12-11 | 1968-01-30 | Johns Manville | High strength-high temperature yarn |
US3350034A (en) * | 1965-10-23 | 1967-10-31 | Jesse M Madey | Satellite appendage tie-down cord |
US3403595A (en) * | 1966-02-24 | 1968-10-01 | Garlock Inc | Graphite braided packing |
US3489591A (en) * | 1967-02-16 | 1970-01-13 | Us Navy | Method of making radiation resistant fabric |
US3461575A (en) * | 1967-04-28 | 1969-08-19 | John C Tead | Sole for footwear |
US3653949A (en) * | 1969-09-05 | 1972-04-04 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Coated fabrics and methods for applying coatings thereto |
US4450197A (en) * | 1982-04-14 | 1984-05-22 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Polytetrafluoroethylene-impregnated bundles of sized glass fibers |
US4539021A (en) * | 1982-04-14 | 1985-09-03 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Gas filtering method using fabric filter |
EP0218995A2 (en) * | 1985-10-07 | 1987-04-22 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | Process for producing a waterproof cloth |
EP0218995A3 (en) * | 1985-10-07 | 1988-08-24 | Kuraray Co | Waterproof cloth and process for production thereof |
US4693928A (en) * | 1986-02-10 | 1987-09-15 | Pall Corporation | Porous, fibrous structures with thermoplastic fluorocarbon coating and method of making |
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