US2708234A - Electrically-heated sheet - Google Patents

Electrically-heated sheet Download PDF

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Publication number
US2708234A
US2708234A US239761A US23976151A US2708234A US 2708234 A US2708234 A US 2708234A US 239761 A US239761 A US 239761A US 23976151 A US23976151 A US 23976151A US 2708234 A US2708234 A US 2708234A
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United States
Prior art keywords
stitching
passages
ducts
electrically
rows
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US239761A
Inventor
Thomas A Kerr
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US239761A priority Critical patent/US2708234A/en
Priority to GB19538/52A priority patent/GB709048A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2708234A publication Critical patent/US2708234A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/02—Travelling-gear, e.g. associated with slewing gears
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electrically-heated fabric structures, sach as electric sheets, electric blanlets, electric heating pads, etc., wherein heating wires are positioned between plies of textile material, the plies being fastened together at spaced points to form parallel ducts in which the heating wires are positioned.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an improved fabric structure of the above-referred-to type which can be manufactured readily at low cost and wherein the ducts for the heating wires are so formed that the heating wires are heid in the desired spaced relation relative to each other.
  • the invention is especially weii adapted for use in a heating structure comprising two plies of thin textile material, such as cotton sheeting, and it is this application of my invention which I have elected to specically illustrate and describe. it is to be understood, however, that the invention is not necessarily iimited to use with cotton sheeting.
  • Fig. l is a pian view partly broken away of an electrically-heated structure embodying the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a modified construction
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view illustrating initial steps utilized in carrying out the improved method
  • Fig. i is a detail view of a further modication.
  • Fig. l, 1 and 2 indicate two plies of woven fabric, such as cotton sheeting, placed one on the other and united to each other by rows of parallel zig-zag stitching 3 to form parallel ducts 4.
  • alternate rows at opposite ends of the stitching have a short section of the stitching omitted to dene passages 5 at one edge and passages 6 at the other edge. connect alternate pairs of adjacent ducts 4.
  • the passages 5 connect alternate pairs of adjacent ducts at the right-hand end of the structure and are spaced from the edge a distance to leave a length of material 7. This is the foot end of the structure and may be used for tuclting in at the foot of a bed.
  • Passages ti connect alternate pairs of adjacent ducts at the left-hand end of the structure and are spaced only a short distance from the edge to provide a length of material 8 from the head end of the structure.
  • Positioned in ducts 4 and passages 5 and 6 are electric wires 9 for heating the structure.
  • the wires may be threaded through the ducts and passages by the use of suitable threading tools, the passages 5 and 6 being of sufficient length to permit readily the threading operations.
  • tack bars t To prevent the stitching from raveling where it terminates adjacent to passages 5 and 6, there are provided tack bars t, these being short bars of stitching extending transversely of the stitching 3.
  • the terminals of the wiring is shown at 15.
  • At may comprise a suitable molded plug structure 16 of known type attached to the fabric structure. It is located at Passages 5 and t5 States arent Office Patented May i0, P3155 the foot of the fabric structure preferably on its longitudinal center line.
  • the plug structure may be attached to the fabric structure by inserting the body of the plug through a buttonhole in one fabric layer and then sewing a canvas strain patch i7 over it, the sewing extending through both layers of the fabric.
  • the wiring is shown as extending to the side edges of the fabric structure but if desired the wiring may be omitted from one or more of the ducts 4 at the side edges to provide Unwired portions for tucking in.
  • the ends and side edges of the structure may be finished by suitable hemming as shown or in other desired manner.
  • zig-zag stitching is one important feature of the invention in that the points 11 of the Zigs and the zags cooperate to position the wires generally along the centers of the ducts, thus eftecting a substantialiy equal spacing apart of the rows of wires.
  • the zig-Zag stitching serves to space apart adjacent ducts by an effective width equal to the distance between straight lines drawn aiong opposite sides of a row of stitches through the points of its stitches.
  • the points of adjacent rows are spaced apart suicientiy to provide a free passage of suitable width for the wires.
  • FIG. 2 in Fig. 2 is shown a form of invention wherein passages Su and (uz corresponding to passages 5 and 6 of Fig. l are formed by terminating alternate rows of zigzag stitching at opposite edges of the structure short of such edges, termination at one edge hein(y nearer to the edge than at the other to deiine the head end and foot end of the structure.
  • the structure of Fig. 2 may be similar to that of Fig. i, and corresponding reference numerals with the exponent a added have been used to designate corresponding parts.
  • Fig. 4 is shown a modied form of stitching wherein the rows of stitching 3a, instead of having a symetrical pattern as in Figs. i and 2, have an opposite sewing pattern so that the points 3b of adjacent rows Iare directly opposed to each other. Otherwise, the structure of Fig. 4 may be the same as that of Figs. l and 2.
  • the structures of Figs. l, 2 and 3 are preferably made in accordance with the following method.
  • Plies l and Z of the material are placed one over the other and are sewn together by continuons stitching.
  • This stitching may be performed by the use of a suitable quilting machine having drive cams of a shape to provide the zigzag stitching. With such a machine, all the rows of stitching may be formed simultaneously with one passage of the material through the machine.
  • Material for one structure or for a desired number of structures may be sewn. If material for a number of structures has been sewn, then it may be cut as indicated at 12 into the desired lengths for the structure to be made.
  • the rows of stitching may be tacked at 1d by the use of a suitable taclcing machine.
  • the tacking should be located to define the passages 5 and 6.
  • the stitching between the tacks is removed; while in the case of Fig. 2 construction, the stitching between the edges of the structure and the tacking is removed.
  • the stitching may be of a chain-stitch type which is readily unraveed.
  • the heating wires may be threaded through the ducts 4 and passages S and 6 by the use of suitable threading tools.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)

Description

May 10, 1955 T, A KERR 2,708,234
ELECTRICALLY-HEATED SHEET Filed Aug. l', 1951 Ir-Nento; Thomas A. Kem,
bld
His Attorrwetj.
ELECYRICALLYEATED SHEET Thomas A. Kerr, Fairiieid, Conn., assigner to General Eiectric Company, a corporation of New York The present invention relates to electrically-heated fabric structures, sach as electric sheets, electric blanlets, electric heating pads, etc., wherein heating wires are positioned between plies of textile material, the plies being fastened together at spaced points to form parallel ducts in which the heating wires are positioned.
An object of the invention is to provide an improved fabric structure of the above-referred-to type which can be manufactured readily at low cost and wherein the ducts for the heating wires are so formed that the heating wires are heid in the desired spaced relation relative to each other.
For a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention, attention is directed to the following specication and to the claim appended thereto.
The invention is especially weii adapted for use in a heating structure comprising two plies of thin textile material, such as cotton sheeting, and it is this application of my invention which I have elected to specically illustrate and describe. it is to be understood, however, that the invention is not necessarily iimited to use with cotton sheeting.
in the drawing, Fig. l is a pian view partly broken away of an electrically-heated structure embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a similar view showing a modified construction; Fig. 3 is a plan view illustrating initial steps utilized in carrying out the improved method; and Fig. i is a detail view of a further modication.
Referring to Fig. l, 1 and 2 indicate two plies of woven fabric, such as cotton sheeting, placed one on the other and united to each other by rows of parallel zig-zag stitching 3 to form parallel ducts 4. At points spaced from the edges of the structure, alternate rows at opposite ends of the stitching have a short section of the stitching omitted to dene passages 5 at one edge and passages 6 at the other edge. connect alternate pairs of adjacent ducts 4. The passages 5 connect alternate pairs of adjacent ducts at the right-hand end of the structure and are spaced from the edge a distance to leave a length of material 7. This is the foot end of the structure and may be used for tuclting in at the foot of a bed. Passages ti connect alternate pairs of adjacent ducts at the left-hand end of the structure and are spaced only a short distance from the edge to provide a length of material 8 from the head end of the structure. Positioned in ducts 4 and passages 5 and 6 are electric wires 9 for heating the structure. The wires may be threaded through the ducts and passages by the use of suitable threading tools, the passages 5 and 6 being of sufficient length to permit readily the threading operations. To prevent the stitching from raveling where it terminates adjacent to passages 5 and 6, there are provided tack bars t, these being short bars of stitching extending transversely of the stitching 3.
The terminals of the wiring is shown at 15. At may comprise a suitable molded plug structure 16 of known type attached to the fabric structure. It is located at Passages 5 and t5 States arent Office Patented May i0, P3155 the foot of the fabric structure preferably on its longitudinal center line. The plug structure may be attached to the fabric structure by inserting the body of the plug through a buttonhole in one fabric layer and then sewing a canvas strain patch i7 over it, the sewing extending through both layers of the fabric.
In the present instance the wiring is shown as extending to the side edges of the fabric structure but if desired the wiring may be omitted from one or more of the ducts 4 at the side edges to provide Unwired portions for tucking in. The ends and side edges of the structure may be finished by suitable hemming as shown or in other desired manner.
The provision of zig-zag stitching is one important feature of the invention in that the points 11 of the Zigs and the zags cooperate to position the wires generally along the centers of the ducts, thus eftecting a substantialiy equal spacing apart of the rows of wires. in other words, the zig-Zag stitching serves to space apart adjacent ducts by an effective width equal to the distance between straight lines drawn aiong opposite sides of a row of stitches through the points of its stitches. The points of adjacent rows are spaced apart suicientiy to provide a free passage of suitable width for the wires.
in Fig. 2 is shown a form of invention wherein passages Su and (uz corresponding to passages 5 and 6 of Fig. l are formed by terminating alternate rows of zigzag stitching at opposite edges of the structure short of such edges, termination at one edge hein(y nearer to the edge than at the other to deiine the head end and foot end of the structure. Otherwise, the structure of Fig. 2 may be similar to that of Fig. i, and corresponding reference numerals with the exponent a added have been used to designate corresponding parts.
In Fig. 4 is shown a modied form of stitching wherein the rows of stitching 3a, instead of having a symetrical pattern as in Figs. i and 2, have an opposite sewing pattern so that the points 3b of adjacent rows Iare directly opposed to each other. Otherwise, the structure of Fig. 4 may be the same as that of Figs. l and 2.
The structures of Figs. l, 2 and 3 are preferably made in accordance with the following method. Plies l and Z of the material are placed one over the other and are sewn together by continuons stitching. This stitching may be performed by the use of a suitable quilting machine having drive cams of a shape to provide the zigzag stitching. With such a machine, all the rows of stitching may be formed simultaneously with one passage of the material through the machine. Material for one structure or for a desired number of structures may be sewn. If material for a number of structures has been sewn, then it may be cut as indicated at 12 into the desired lengths for the structure to be made. Either before or after the material has been cut to length, the rows of stitching may be tacked at 1d by the use of a suitable taclcing machine. The tacking should be located to define the passages 5 and 6. After the tacking operation, in the case of Fig. l construction, the stitching between the tacks is removed; while in the case of Fig. 2 construction, the stitching between the edges of the structure and the tacking is removed. The stitching may be of a chain-stitch type which is readily unraveed. After the stitching has been removed, the heating wires may be threaded through the ducts 4 and passages S and 6 by the use of suitable threading tools.
What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:
An electrically-heated fabric structure comprising two plies of sheet material positioned one over the other, rows of continuous pointed zig-zag stitches extending References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 751,353 Singer Feb. 2, 1904 4 Grapp Feb. 26, Stanton Apr. 26, Longoria May 16, Steer et al. Mar. 17, Randolph July 20, Wolfe et al. lune 4, Moberg June 11, Newell lan. 15, Moberg Dec. 16, Johnson et al. Aug. 8,
FOREIGN PATENTS Great Britain Mar. 30.
am, w-
US239761A 1951-08-01 1951-08-01 Electrically-heated sheet Expired - Lifetime US2708234A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US239761A US2708234A (en) 1951-08-01 1951-08-01 Electrically-heated sheet
GB19538/52A GB709048A (en) 1951-08-01 1952-08-01 Improvements in and relating to electrically-heated blankets and the like

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US709048XA 1951-08-01 1951-08-01
US239761A US2708234A (en) 1951-08-01 1951-08-01 Electrically-heated sheet

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2850617A (en) * 1957-02-25 1958-09-02 Helen J Coldren Electric foot warmer
US2938991A (en) * 1957-10-01 1960-05-31 Candace Inc Electric mattress pad
US2961526A (en) * 1958-01-21 1960-11-22 Northern Electric Co Electric heating appliance
US3064332A (en) * 1961-03-08 1962-11-20 Kaplan Julius Electric comforter
US3213521A (en) * 1960-07-08 1965-10-26 Frederick Williams Appliances Method of making an electric blanket
US4044221A (en) * 1974-07-19 1977-08-23 Kommanditgesellschaft Warmetechnik B. Ruthenberg Gmbh Flexible heating element for heating seats, in particular motor vehicle seats, couches, berths or the like
US4387293A (en) * 1981-03-30 1983-06-07 The Belton Corporation Electric heating appliance
FR2785138A1 (en) * 1998-10-22 2000-04-28 Morel Jean Jacques Electrically heated rug, has one or more very low voltage elements of mechanically robust conductor secured between fabric sheets protected by outer textile layers
US10827846B2 (en) 2016-10-28 2020-11-10 Sleep Number Corporation Bed with foot warming system

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US751353A (en) * 1904-02-02 Electric blanket
US1257339A (en) * 1915-12-20 1918-02-26 Despatch Mfg Co Flexible electric heater.
US1375863A (en) * 1920-06-01 1921-04-26 John T Stanton Electrical appliance
US1416481A (en) * 1920-02-18 1922-05-16 Longoria Antonio Electric heating pad
US1530216A (en) * 1923-10-08 1925-03-17 Steer Victor Gladstone Electrically-heated cushion and the like
US1593359A (en) * 1925-03-21 1926-07-20 Edison Electric Appliance Co Electric heater
US1715486A (en) * 1928-05-14 1929-06-04 Wolfe Edwone Searle Face-heating pad
GB445195A (en) * 1934-09-29 1936-03-30 Frederick Grisley Improvements in blankets, pads, quilts, clothing, fabric, or the like, embodying electrical conductors
US2203918A (en) * 1939-03-07 1940-06-11 Nashua Mfg Company Electrically heated blanket
US2393182A (en) * 1944-05-29 1946-01-15 Gen Electric Electric heater
US2432785A (en) * 1945-01-08 1947-12-16 Ivar O Moberg Electrically heated two-ply blanket
US2518147A (en) * 1946-09-13 1950-08-08 Simmons Co Electric blanket sewing machine

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US751353A (en) * 1904-02-02 Electric blanket
US1257339A (en) * 1915-12-20 1918-02-26 Despatch Mfg Co Flexible electric heater.
US1416481A (en) * 1920-02-18 1922-05-16 Longoria Antonio Electric heating pad
US1375863A (en) * 1920-06-01 1921-04-26 John T Stanton Electrical appliance
US1530216A (en) * 1923-10-08 1925-03-17 Steer Victor Gladstone Electrically-heated cushion and the like
US1593359A (en) * 1925-03-21 1926-07-20 Edison Electric Appliance Co Electric heater
US1715486A (en) * 1928-05-14 1929-06-04 Wolfe Edwone Searle Face-heating pad
GB445195A (en) * 1934-09-29 1936-03-30 Frederick Grisley Improvements in blankets, pads, quilts, clothing, fabric, or the like, embodying electrical conductors
US2203918A (en) * 1939-03-07 1940-06-11 Nashua Mfg Company Electrically heated blanket
US2393182A (en) * 1944-05-29 1946-01-15 Gen Electric Electric heater
US2432785A (en) * 1945-01-08 1947-12-16 Ivar O Moberg Electrically heated two-ply blanket
US2518147A (en) * 1946-09-13 1950-08-08 Simmons Co Electric blanket sewing machine

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2850617A (en) * 1957-02-25 1958-09-02 Helen J Coldren Electric foot warmer
US2938991A (en) * 1957-10-01 1960-05-31 Candace Inc Electric mattress pad
US2961526A (en) * 1958-01-21 1960-11-22 Northern Electric Co Electric heating appliance
US3213521A (en) * 1960-07-08 1965-10-26 Frederick Williams Appliances Method of making an electric blanket
US3064332A (en) * 1961-03-08 1962-11-20 Kaplan Julius Electric comforter
US4044221A (en) * 1974-07-19 1977-08-23 Kommanditgesellschaft Warmetechnik B. Ruthenberg Gmbh Flexible heating element for heating seats, in particular motor vehicle seats, couches, berths or the like
US4387293A (en) * 1981-03-30 1983-06-07 The Belton Corporation Electric heating appliance
FR2785138A1 (en) * 1998-10-22 2000-04-28 Morel Jean Jacques Electrically heated rug, has one or more very low voltage elements of mechanically robust conductor secured between fabric sheets protected by outer textile layers
US10827846B2 (en) 2016-10-28 2020-11-10 Sleep Number Corporation Bed with foot warming system
US11844433B2 (en) 2016-10-28 2023-12-19 Sleep Number Corporation Bed with foot warming system

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GB709048A (en) 1954-05-12

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