US2701130A - Element set for heat exchangers - Google Patents
Element set for heat exchangers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2701130A US2701130A US202869A US20286950A US2701130A US 2701130 A US2701130 A US 2701130A US 202869 A US202869 A US 202869A US 20286950 A US20286950 A US 20286950A US 2701130 A US2701130 A US 2701130A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wires
- elements
- gratings
- heat exchangers
- grating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
- F28D17/02—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles using rigid bodies, e.g. of porous material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
- Y10S165/009—Heat exchange having a solid heat storage mass for absorbing heat from one fluid and releasing it to another, i.e. regenerator
- Y10S165/042—Particular structure of heat storage mass
Definitions
- the present invention relates to heat transfer elements in heat exchangers for air or other gaseous mediums and has particular reference to regenerative air-preheaters.
- the heat exchanging mass of such heat exchangers is ordinarily built up of plate packs composed of smooth and/or undulated plates, spaced by notches pressed up in the plates or by means of other distance elements, said plates forming walls of flow channels for the heat exchanging gases. It is found that favourable effects can be obtained it these gases are given a helical path of flow through the channels. In doing so the creation of a heat insulating boundary layer nearest to the heat exchanging surfaces is reduced. A flow of this character also prevents soot and other impurities in the gases from depositing in the preheater reducing the heat transmission coefficient. Heat exchangers built according to the above principles have a relatively good ratio between the heat transmission coefficient and the pressure drop of the through-flow.
- the favourable result has substantially been attained by using heat transfer elements in the form of substantially parallel and spaced wires forming an acute angle (preferably less than 45) to the main direction of flow of the gases.
- These wires are preferably arranged to form gratings spaced by thicker wires, bent metal strips or similar distance elements.
- Fig. l is a plan view of gratings according to the invention.
- Fig. 2 is an end View of these gratings.
- Fig. 3 is a plan view of gratings having wires arranged cross-wise.
- Fig. 4 shows a grating and a smooth plate in combination.
- Fig. 5 shows an undulated plate in combination with a grating, of the type shown in Fig. 1.
- Fig. 6 shows a modification of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5.
- Figs. 1 and 2 show two gratings placed parallel to each other, each of them consisting of wires 1 disposed in parallel and at an acute angle to the main direction of flow of the gases.
- the wires 1 are interconnected by distance wires 2 holding the two gratings apart.
- the cross section of the distance wires may have any suitable form.
- the distance elements 2 are substantially parallel to the main direction of flow of the gases.
- the value of the angle between the wires 1 and the distance elements 2 as above is of the order of 30. It is suitable to secure the wires 1 to the distance elements 2 by welding, riveting or the like.
- the gas column therebetween is divided into two currents having helical paths of opposite sense. This results in a favourable increase of the heat trans- ICC mission coefiicient.
- the cross-section of the wires 1 it may be round or oval. Other suitable cross-sections as polygonal, for example, may also be used.
- Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention characterized by parallel wires 1 in one grating which wires have a direction crossing that of corresponding wires in' an adjacent grating, which in some cases may be appropriate to produce a single-directed rotation of the gas flow between two gratings.
- Fig. 4 is a grating of the above described type provided with distance members 2, which bear against intermediate heat exchanging plates 3, which in this case are smooth.
- Fig. 5 shows another plate 4 having undulations running parallelly to the direction of the wires 1
- Fig. 6 is a modification of the embodiment in Fig. 5, having said directions provided cross-wise.
- Regenerative heat exchange mass comprising a multiplicity of spaced and generally parallel heat exchange elements forming a pack and including between each two adjacent elements parallel spaced elongated and substantially straight spacing means for providing between each two adjacent elements a plurality of contiguous and substantially straight and unobstructed channels open at their ends for flow of columns of the same gaseous fluid from end to end of the several channels of the pack, each of said channels being defined by two adjacent elements and two adjacent spacing means between the said two adjacent elements and each of said channels being of generally rectangular cross-section having a width at least several times the distance between said adjacent elements, at least one of the elements defining a side of each of said channels being in the form of a grating consisting of a multiplicity of substantially parallel spaced wires obliquely disposed in the same sense with respect to the lengths of the channels and certain other of said elements consisting of plates 2. Structure as defined in claim 1 in which said spacing means comprises distance pieces connecting the wires of each of said gratings.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Description
Feb. 1, 1955 G. K- W. BOESTAD ELEMENT SET FOR HEAT EXCHANGERS Filed Dec. 27, 1950 United States Patent ELEMENT SET FOR HEAT EXCHANGERS Gustav Karl William Boestad, Lidingo, Sweden, assignor, by mesne assignments, to Jarvis C. Marble, New York, N. Y., Leslie M. Merrill, Westfield, N. J., and Percy H. Batten, Racine, Wis., as trustees Application December 27, 1950, Serial No. 202,869 Claims priority, application Sweden January 4, 1950 8 Claims. (Cl. 257-256) The present invention relates to heat transfer elements in heat exchangers for air or other gaseous mediums and has particular reference to regenerative air-preheaters.
The heat exchanging mass of such heat exchangers is ordinarily built up of plate packs composed of smooth and/or undulated plates, spaced by notches pressed up in the plates or by means of other distance elements, said plates forming walls of flow channels for the heat exchanging gases. It is found that favourable effects can be obtained it these gases are given a helical path of flow through the channels. In doing so the creation of a heat insulating boundary layer nearest to the heat exchanging surfaces is reduced. A flow of this character also prevents soot and other impurities in the gases from depositing in the preheater reducing the heat transmission coefficient. Heat exchangers built according to the above principles have a relatively good ratio between the heat transmission coefficient and the pressure drop of the through-flow.
This ratio, however, has further been improved by means of heat transfer elements according to the present invention.
The favourable result has substantially been attained by using heat transfer elements in the form of substantially parallel and spaced wires forming an acute angle (preferably less than 45) to the main direction of flow of the gases. These wires are preferably arranged to form gratings spaced by thicker wires, bent metal strips or similar distance elements.
These and other characteristics of the invention will be hereinafter described more in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, showing some preferred embodiments by way of example.
Fig. l is a plan view of gratings according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is an end View of these gratings.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of gratings having wires arranged cross-wise.
Fig. 4 shows a grating and a smooth plate in combination.
Fig. 5 shows an undulated plate in combination with a grating, of the type shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 shows a modification of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5.
Figs. 1 and 2 show two gratings placed parallel to each other, each of them consisting of wires 1 disposed in parallel and at an acute angle to the main direction of flow of the gases. In each grating the wires 1 are interconnected by distance wires 2 holding the two gratings apart. The cross section of the distance wires may have any suitable form. In air preheaters the distance elements 2 are substantially parallel to the main direction of flow of the gases. Preferably, the value of the angle between the wires 1 and the distance elements 2 as above is of the order of 30. It is suitable to secure the wires 1 to the distance elements 2 by welding, riveting or the like. Due to the parallel arrangement of the wires 1 in the two gratings, the gas column therebetween is divided into two currents having helical paths of opposite sense. This results in a favourable increase of the heat trans- ICC mission coefiicient. As to the cross-section of the wires 1, it may be round or oval. Other suitable cross-sections as polygonal, for example, may also be used.
Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention characterized by parallel wires 1 in one grating which wires have a direction crossing that of corresponding wires in' an adjacent grating, which in some cases may be appropriate to produce a single-directed rotation of the gas flow between two gratings.
Instead of making all of the heat exchanging mass of gratings as described above it is also possible to combine these gratings by plane or corrugated plates alternately provided between said gratings.
In Fig. 4 is a grating of the above described type provided with distance members 2, which bear against intermediate heat exchanging plates 3, which in this case are smooth.
Fig. 5 shows another plate 4 having undulations running parallelly to the direction of the wires 1, and Fig. 6 is a modification of the embodiment in Fig. 5, having said directions provided cross-wise.
What is claimed is:
1. Regenerative heat exchange mass comprising a multiplicity of spaced and generally parallel heat exchange elements forming a pack and including between each two adjacent elements parallel spaced elongated and substantially straight spacing means for providing between each two adjacent elements a plurality of contiguous and substantially straight and unobstructed channels open at their ends for flow of columns of the same gaseous fluid from end to end of the several channels of the pack, each of said channels being defined by two adjacent elements and two adjacent spacing means between the said two adjacent elements and each of said channels being of generally rectangular cross-section having a width at least several times the distance between said adjacent elements, at least one of the elements defining a side of each of said channels being in the form of a grating consisting of a multiplicity of substantially parallel spaced wires obliquely disposed in the same sense with respect to the lengths of the channels and certain other of said elements consisting of plates 2. Structure as defined in claim 1 in which said spacing means comprises distance pieces connecting the wires of each of said gratings.
3. Structure as defined in claim 1 in which the grating elements and plate elements alternate so that the opposite sides of each channel are defined respectively by solid and perforate elements.
4. Structure as defined in claim 3 in which the plate elements are plane.
5. Structure as defined in claim 3 in which the plate elements are undulated.
6. Structure as defined in claim 5 in which the undulations are oblique with respect to the direction of the length of the channels.
7. Structure as defined in claim 6 in which the undulations are oblique in the same direction as the wires of the grating elements.
8. Structure as defined in claim 6 in which the undulations of the plate elements and the wires of the grating elements are oppositely oblique.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 902,812 Goetz et al Nov. 3, 1908 949,668 Swinscoe Feb. 15, 1910 1,803,746 Miller May 5, 1931 2,023,965 Lysholm Dec. 10, 1935 2,049,246 Brown July 28, 1936 2,157,744 Welty May 9, 1939 2,313,081 Ljungstrom Mar. 9, 1943 2,405,593 Melvill Aug. 13, 1946
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE2701130X | 1950-01-04 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2701130A true US2701130A (en) | 1955-02-01 |
Family
ID=20427005
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US202869A Expired - Lifetime US2701130A (en) | 1950-01-04 | 1950-12-27 | Element set for heat exchangers |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2701130A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2937010A (en) * | 1956-01-16 | 1960-05-17 | Gen Motors Corp | Regenerative heat exchanger |
US3046639A (en) * | 1954-05-10 | 1962-07-31 | Helmut A Freyholdt | Method of making heat exchanger |
US3100332A (en) * | 1960-02-23 | 1963-08-13 | Jr John R Gier | Method of making a heat exchanger cross tied pin assembly |
US3103971A (en) * | 1958-08-08 | 1963-09-17 | Helmut A Freyholdt | Heat exchanger core structure |
US3164891A (en) * | 1960-03-02 | 1965-01-12 | Jr John R Gier | Method of forming pin fin assemblies |
US3183963A (en) * | 1963-01-31 | 1965-05-18 | Gen Motors Corp | Matrix for regenerative heat exchangers |
US3313343A (en) * | 1964-03-26 | 1967-04-11 | Trane Co | Heat exchange apparatus |
US20030010473A1 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-16 | Mitchell Matthew P. | Foil structure for regenerators |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US902812A (en) * | 1908-03-27 | 1908-11-03 | Adolph Goetz | Process of pasteurization. |
US949668A (en) * | 1907-05-23 | 1910-02-15 | Clinton Wire Cloth Company | Welded fabric. |
US1803746A (en) * | 1927-07-25 | 1931-05-05 | Christman Matthias | Lubricating device |
US2023965A (en) * | 1930-05-21 | 1935-12-10 | Ljungstroms Angturbin Ab | Heat transfer |
US2049246A (en) * | 1933-06-23 | 1936-07-28 | Chemical Construction Corp | Gauze |
US2157744A (en) * | 1938-03-22 | 1939-05-09 | Welty Frank | Heat exchanger |
US2313081A (en) * | 1937-02-02 | 1943-03-09 | Jarvis C Marble | Heat exchange |
US2405593A (en) * | 1944-02-04 | 1946-08-13 | Francis L Melvill | Packing for vapor and liquid contacting apparatus |
-
1950
- 1950-12-27 US US202869A patent/US2701130A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US949668A (en) * | 1907-05-23 | 1910-02-15 | Clinton Wire Cloth Company | Welded fabric. |
US902812A (en) * | 1908-03-27 | 1908-11-03 | Adolph Goetz | Process of pasteurization. |
US1803746A (en) * | 1927-07-25 | 1931-05-05 | Christman Matthias | Lubricating device |
US2023965A (en) * | 1930-05-21 | 1935-12-10 | Ljungstroms Angturbin Ab | Heat transfer |
US2049246A (en) * | 1933-06-23 | 1936-07-28 | Chemical Construction Corp | Gauze |
US2313081A (en) * | 1937-02-02 | 1943-03-09 | Jarvis C Marble | Heat exchange |
US2157744A (en) * | 1938-03-22 | 1939-05-09 | Welty Frank | Heat exchanger |
US2405593A (en) * | 1944-02-04 | 1946-08-13 | Francis L Melvill | Packing for vapor and liquid contacting apparatus |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3046639A (en) * | 1954-05-10 | 1962-07-31 | Helmut A Freyholdt | Method of making heat exchanger |
US2937010A (en) * | 1956-01-16 | 1960-05-17 | Gen Motors Corp | Regenerative heat exchanger |
US3103971A (en) * | 1958-08-08 | 1963-09-17 | Helmut A Freyholdt | Heat exchanger core structure |
US3100332A (en) * | 1960-02-23 | 1963-08-13 | Jr John R Gier | Method of making a heat exchanger cross tied pin assembly |
US3164891A (en) * | 1960-03-02 | 1965-01-12 | Jr John R Gier | Method of forming pin fin assemblies |
US3183963A (en) * | 1963-01-31 | 1965-05-18 | Gen Motors Corp | Matrix for regenerative heat exchangers |
US3313343A (en) * | 1964-03-26 | 1967-04-11 | Trane Co | Heat exchange apparatus |
US20030010473A1 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-16 | Mitchell Matthew P. | Foil structure for regenerators |
US6854509B2 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2005-02-15 | Matthew P. Mitchell | Foil structures for regenerators |
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