US2696273A - Gas cleaning apparatus - Google Patents

Gas cleaning apparatus Download PDF

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US2696273A
US2696273A US240223A US24022351A US2696273A US 2696273 A US2696273 A US 2696273A US 240223 A US240223 A US 240223A US 24022351 A US24022351 A US 24022351A US 2696273 A US2696273 A US 2696273A
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gas
spaces
casing
concentric
cleaning apparatus
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US240223A
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Harry A Wintermute
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Research Corp
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Research Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/14—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C11/00—Accessories, e.g. safety or control devices, not otherwise provided for, e.g. regulators, valves in inlet or overflow ducting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to apparatus for cleaning gases containing suspended particles and particularly to apparatus for subjecting gases to both centrifugal and electrical forces.
  • a principal object of the invention is to provide apparatus for removing suspended particles from gases by subjecting the gases to the affect of centrifugal force while they are under the action of an electrical field.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide apparatus for removing suspended particles from gases by centrifugal and electrical forces including means for controlling the distribution of the gases during the treatment.
  • the apparatus of the invention comprises complementary discharge and collecting electrode means defining a plurality of intercommunicating concentric paths for the flow of gas, means for introducing gas to be cleaned into at least two of said concentric paths, and flow directing means for controlling the distribution of incoming gas between said paths.
  • Fig. l is a sectional elevation of one form of the gas cleaning apparatus of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail on line 33 of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of another form of the gas cleaning apparatus of the invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a section on line 55 of Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail showing of a modification of the apparatus of Fig. 4.
  • 10 is the casing of the gas cleaning apparatus having a tangential gas inlet 11 and a hopper bottom 10a.
  • concentrically located in the casing 10 are a central conduit 12, opening at the bottom into the lower part of the casing and continuing at the top through the roof of the casing to provide a gas outlet 12a, and cylindrical member 13, intermediate casing 10 and central conduit 12, which open at the top and bottom.
  • the lower end of cylinder 13 preferably extends a substantial distance below the bottom of central conduit 12 as shown.
  • Concentric rows of discharge electrodes 14 are suspended in the annular spaces between casing 10 and cylinder 13 and between cylinder 13 and conduit 12.
  • the electrodes 14 are hung from ring-shaped tubes 15 and 15a which are supported from the roof of the casing by insulators 16 and insulator bushing 17, the latter carrying the conductor for energizing the discharge electrode system.
  • the discharge electrodes are maintained taut and in proper spacing by weights 18 and pipe ring 19 at their lower ends.
  • an adjustable vane 20 mounted in the inlet 11 is an adjustable vane 20, advantageously hinged to cylindrical member 13 adjacent the inlet opening thereof, as shown particularly in Fig. 2.
  • the position of vane 20 can be adjusted by handle 21 to control the relative proportion of the gas passing into the outer path between the casing and cylindrical member 13 and that passing directly into the inner path between cylindrical member 13 and central conduit 12.
  • the complementary surface of casing 10 and cylindrical members 12 and 13 provide collecting electrode surfaces upon which particles suspended in the gas passing through the apparatus will be precipitated.
  • FIG. 4 40 is the casing of the apparatus having a tangential gas inlet 41.
  • a cylindrical cage 42 Centrally suspended in the casing from the top thereof is a cylindrical cage 42 formed of angularly positioned louvre plates 43.
  • the cage 42 is closed at the top and opens at the bottom into outlet conduit 44.
  • Cylindrical grid 45 of wire screen or perforated plate is suspended between casing 40 and cage 42, from insulators 46 mounted on the top of the casing. Grid 45 is energized at high potential through inlet bushing 47.
  • Adjustable vane 48 hinged to grid 45-adjacent the inlet thereto may be adjusted by means of handle 49 to control the distribution of gas between the inner and outer paths between casing 40 and grid 45 and between grid 45 and cage 42, or to direct gas from the inner path to the outer path.
  • Vane 48 and handle 49 should be made of insulating material.
  • Flow distributor 50 mounted on the interior of cage 42 improves the distribution of gas between the upper and lower portion of the treatment zones.
  • Energization of grid 45 at high potential provides an ionizing discharge and precipitating field which coacts with the centrifugal forces on the inwardly spiralling gas to remove suspended particles therefrom.
  • the louvre members 43 forming cage 42 may be given serrated outer edges to improve electrical discharge therefrom and the outer edges may be bent into radial id irecton to improve the discharge as shown at 43a in
  • the gas flowing in the concentric paths may be maintained at high velocities which increased the centrifugal forces acting on the suspended particles and also improves the electrical precipitation action by reducing back corona discharges.
  • the position of the vanes may be adjusted manually or may be controlled automatically in response to a gas flow measuring device (not shown) in the inlet or outlet flue.
  • Gas cleaning apparatus comprising a cylindrical casing, a plurality of conductive elements positioned to form a gas penetrable cylinder concentric with said casing and defining a plurality of concentric annular gas flow spaces, foraminous conductive cylinder insulatedly suspended concentrically between said casing and said gas penetrable cylinder, means for electrically energizing said foraminous cylinder, means for introducing gas to be cleaned tangentially into the concentric annular gas flow spaces on each side of said foraminous cylinder, flow directing means for the distribution of gas between said concentric annular gas flow spaces and gas outlet means extending from the interior of said gas penetrable cylinder.
  • Gas cleaning apparatus comprising discharge and collecting electrode means defining a plurality of concentric annular gas flow spaces, means for the introduction of gas to be cleaned tangentially into said concentric spaces, flow directing means controlling the distribution of gas to said spaces, the electrode means separating said spaces including at least one opening for the passage of gas from the outer of said spaces to the inner of said spaces downstream with respect to said flow directing means whereby the portion of the gas stream directed into the outer of the spaces by the flow directing means is serially passed through all of said concentric spaces, and gas outlet means extending from the innermost concentric space.
  • Gas cleaning apparatus comprising a cylindrical casing, at least two spaced concentric cylindrical members in said casing defining a plurality of concentric annular gas flow spaces, means for the introduction of gas to be cleaned tangentially into said concentric spaces, a flow directing vane pivotally supported above the edge of the outer of said concentric cylindrical members in the fiowpath of the tangential inlet for controlling the distribution of gas to said concentric spaces, at least one opening in the outer of said cylindrical members for the passage of gas from the outer of said spaces to the inner Qf Saidspaces downstream with respect to said flow directing Vane whereby the portion of the gas stream directed into, the outer of the spaces by the flow directing vane is serially passed through all of said concentri c spaces, and gas outlet means extending from the innermost concentric space.

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  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Description

7, 1954 H. A. WINTERMUTE GAS CLEANING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 3, 1951 INVENTOR HARRY A.WINTERMUTE ATTORNEYS 1954 H. A. WINTERMUTE 2,696,273
GAS CLEANING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 3, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR HARRY A. WINTERMUTE (imea 2M4 ATTORNEYS United States Patent 2,696,273 GAS CLEANING APPARATUS Application August 3, 1951, Serial No. 240,223
4 Claims. (Cl. 183-7) This invention relates to apparatus for cleaning gases containing suspended particles and particularly to apparatus for subjecting gases to both centrifugal and electrical forces.
A principal object of the invention is to provide apparatus for removing suspended particles from gases by subjecting the gases to the affect of centrifugal force while they are under the action of an electrical field.
A further object of the invention is to provide apparatus for removing suspended particles from gases by centrifugal and electrical forces including means for controlling the distribution of the gases during the treatment.
In general, the apparatus of the invention comprises complementary discharge and collecting electrode means defining a plurality of intercommunicating concentric paths for the flow of gas, means for introducing gas to be cleaned into at least two of said concentric paths, and flow directing means for controlling the distribution of incoming gas between said paths.
Apparatus embodying the principles of the invention may take various forms. Illustrative embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. l is a sectional elevation of one form of the gas cleaning apparatus of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail on line 33 of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation of another form of the gas cleaning apparatus of the invention;
Fig. 5 is a section on line 55 of Fig. 4; and
Fig. 6 is a fragmentary detail showing of a modification of the apparatus of Fig. 4.
In Figs. 1-3, 10 is the casing of the gas cleaning apparatus having a tangential gas inlet 11 and a hopper bottom 10a. concentrically located in the casing 10 are a central conduit 12, opening at the bottom into the lower part of the casing and continuing at the top through the roof of the casing to provide a gas outlet 12a, and cylindrical member 13, intermediate casing 10 and central conduit 12, which open at the top and bottom. The lower end of cylinder 13 preferably extends a substantial distance below the bottom of central conduit 12 as shown.
Concentric rows of discharge electrodes 14 are suspended in the annular spaces between casing 10 and cylinder 13 and between cylinder 13 and conduit 12. The electrodes 14 are hung from ring-shaped tubes 15 and 15a which are supported from the roof of the casing by insulators 16 and insulator bushing 17, the latter carrying the conductor for energizing the discharge electrode system. The discharge electrodes are maintained taut and in proper spacing by weights 18 and pipe ring 19 at their lower ends.
Mounted in the inlet 11 is an adjustable vane 20, advantageously hinged to cylindrical member 13 adjacent the inlet opening thereof, as shown particularly in Fig. 2. The position of vane 20 can be adjusted by handle 21 to control the relative proportion of the gas passing into the outer path between the casing and cylindrical member 13 and that passing directly into the inner path between cylindrical member 13 and central conduit 12.
When the discharge electrodes 14 are energized at a high potential in accordance with the principles of the electrical precipitation art the complementary surface of casing 10 and cylindrical members 12 and 13 provide collecting electrode surfaces upon which particles suspended in the gas passing through the apparatus will be precipitated.
The action of the electrical discharge and field is supplemented by the action of centrifugalforce on the suspended particles as the gas traverses the interelectrode spaces in vertical paths to reach the lower end of outlet conduit 12. Y V
In the apparatus of Figs. 4 and 6, 40 is the casing of the apparatus having a tangential gas inlet 41. Centrally suspended in the casing from the top thereof is a cylindrical cage 42 formed of angularly positioned louvre plates 43. The cage 42 is closed at the top and opens at the bottom into outlet conduit 44.
Cylindrical grid 45 of wire screen or perforated plate is suspended between casing 40 and cage 42, from insulators 46 mounted on the top of the casing. Grid 45 is energized at high potential through inlet bushing 47.
Adjustable vane 48 hinged to grid 45-adjacent the inlet thereto may be adjusted by means of handle 49 to control the distribution of gas between the inner and outer paths between casing 40 and grid 45 and between grid 45 and cage 42, or to direct gas from the inner path to the outer path. Vane 48 and handle 49 should be made of insulating material. Flow distributor 50 mounted on the interior of cage 42 improves the distribution of gas between the upper and lower portion of the treatment zones.
Energization of grid 45 at high potential provides an ionizing discharge and precipitating field which coacts with the centrifugal forces on the inwardly spiralling gas to remove suspended particles therefrom.
The louvre members 43 forming cage 42 may be given serrated outer edges to improve electrical discharge therefrom and the outer edges may be bent into radial id irecton to improve the discharge as shown at 43a in By suitable adjustment of the distributing vanes the gas flowing in the concentric paths may be maintained at high velocities which increased the centrifugal forces acting on the suspended particles and also improves the electrical precipitation action by reducing back corona discharges. The position of the vanes may be adjusted manually or may be controlled automatically in response to a gas flow measuring device (not shown) in the inlet or outlet flue.
I claim:
1. Gas cleaning apparatus comprising a cylindrical casing, a plurality of conductive elements positioned to form a gas penetrable cylinder concentric with said casing and defining a plurality of concentric annular gas flow spaces, foraminous conductive cylinder insulatedly suspended concentrically between said casing and said gas penetrable cylinder, means for electrically energizing said foraminous cylinder, means for introducing gas to be cleaned tangentially into the concentric annular gas flow spaces on each side of said foraminous cylinder, flow directing means for the distribution of gas between said concentric annular gas flow spaces and gas outlet means extending from the interior of said gas penetrable cylinder.
2. Gas cleaning apparatus comprising discharge and collecting electrode means defining a plurality of concentric annular gas flow spaces, means for the introduction of gas to be cleaned tangentially into said concentric spaces, flow directing means controlling the distribution of gas to said spaces, the electrode means separating said spaces including at least one opening for the passage of gas from the outer of said spaces to the inner of said spaces downstream with respect to said flow directing means whereby the portion of the gas stream directed into the outer of the spaces by the flow directing means is serially passed through all of said concentric spaces, and gas outlet means extending from the innermost concentric space.
3. Gas cleaning apparatus comprising a cylindrical casing, at least two spaced concentric cylindrical members in said casing defining a plurality of concentric annular gas flow spaces, means for the introduction of gas to be cleaned tangentially into said concentric spaces, a flow directing vane pivotally supported above the edge of the outer of said concentric cylindrical members in the fiowpath of the tangential inlet for controlling the distribution of gas to said concentric spaces, at least one opening in the outer of said cylindrical members for the passage of gas from the outer of said spaces to the inner Qf Saidspaces downstream with respect to said flow directing Vane whereby the portion of the gas stream directed into, the outer of the spaces by the flow directing vane is serially passed through all of said concentri c spaces, and gas outlet means extending from the innermost concentric space.
4. The gas cleaning apparatus as defined in claim 3 inGl-uding discharge electrodes positioned in said concentric spaces.
References Cited in the file of this patent Number 5 1,843,839 1,970,048 2,085,349
10 Number UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date Rader Feb. 2, 1932 Marshall Aug. 14, 1934 Wintermute June 29, 1937 FQREIGN PATENTS.
Country Date Austria Feb. 10, 1930 Germany Sept. 7, 1931 Germany Feb. 6', 1932
US240223A 1951-08-03 1951-08-03 Gas cleaning apparatus Expired - Lifetime US2696273A (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1101369B (en) * 1957-10-11 1961-03-09 Rene Hochuli Centrifugal electrostatic precipitator
US3238702A (en) * 1962-09-07 1966-03-08 Electronatom Corp Self-decontaminating electrostatic precipitator structures
US3492790A (en) * 1964-07-15 1970-02-03 Aeropur Ag Sa Gas cleaning apparatus and more particularly to an improved electrical precipitator
US3526081A (en) * 1965-07-09 1970-09-01 Wilhelm Kusters Gas purification
US4326862A (en) * 1980-06-10 1982-04-27 Nagatoshi Suzuki Air cleaner for engines, having back flow gas shut-off function
DE3141156A1 (en) * 1981-10-16 1983-04-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING SOLID COMPONENTS AND AEROSOLS, ESPECIALLY SOOT COMPONENTS FROM THE EXHAUST GAS FROM COMBUSTION ENGINES
EP0450510A2 (en) * 1990-04-02 1991-10-09 Forschungszentrum Jülich Gmbh Cyclone with adjustable dust collection
EP0482505A1 (en) * 1990-10-24 1992-04-29 PROECO INTERNATIONAL GmbH Vortex-filter combination for the separation of solids dispersed in gases or in vapours
US6017381A (en) * 1998-03-09 2000-01-25 Advance Electrostatic Technologies, Inc. Field effect auxiliary gas cyclone (FEAGC) and method of using
US11135601B2 (en) * 2019-03-05 2021-10-05 Leonardo S.P.A. Centrifugal separator of gas—liquid for electrochemical battery

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT116325B (en) * 1927-10-21 1930-02-10 Metallgesellschaft Ag Electric gas purifier.
DE533036C (en) * 1931-09-07 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Electric centrifugal gas cleaners
US1843839A (en) * 1929-10-09 1932-02-02 Int Precipitation Co Combined electrical and centrifugal gas cleaning apparatus
DE543335C (en) * 1929-10-01 1932-02-06 Theodor Froehlich A G Centrifugal dust separator
US1970048A (en) * 1931-11-13 1934-08-14 Int Precipitation Co Apparatus for separation of suspended material from gases
US2085349A (en) * 1935-02-28 1937-06-29 Research Corp Electrical precipitation

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE533036C (en) * 1931-09-07 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Electric centrifugal gas cleaners
AT116325B (en) * 1927-10-21 1930-02-10 Metallgesellschaft Ag Electric gas purifier.
DE543335C (en) * 1929-10-01 1932-02-06 Theodor Froehlich A G Centrifugal dust separator
US1843839A (en) * 1929-10-09 1932-02-02 Int Precipitation Co Combined electrical and centrifugal gas cleaning apparatus
US1970048A (en) * 1931-11-13 1934-08-14 Int Precipitation Co Apparatus for separation of suspended material from gases
US2085349A (en) * 1935-02-28 1937-06-29 Research Corp Electrical precipitation

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1101369B (en) * 1957-10-11 1961-03-09 Rene Hochuli Centrifugal electrostatic precipitator
US3238702A (en) * 1962-09-07 1966-03-08 Electronatom Corp Self-decontaminating electrostatic precipitator structures
US3492790A (en) * 1964-07-15 1970-02-03 Aeropur Ag Sa Gas cleaning apparatus and more particularly to an improved electrical precipitator
US3526081A (en) * 1965-07-09 1970-09-01 Wilhelm Kusters Gas purification
US4326862A (en) * 1980-06-10 1982-04-27 Nagatoshi Suzuki Air cleaner for engines, having back flow gas shut-off function
DE3141156A1 (en) * 1981-10-16 1983-04-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REMOVING SOLID COMPONENTS AND AEROSOLS, ESPECIALLY SOOT COMPONENTS FROM THE EXHAUST GAS FROM COMBUSTION ENGINES
US4478613A (en) * 1981-10-16 1984-10-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus to remove solid particles and aerosols from a gas, especially from the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine
EP0450510A2 (en) * 1990-04-02 1991-10-09 Forschungszentrum Jülich Gmbh Cyclone with adjustable dust collection
EP0450510A3 (en) * 1990-04-02 1991-12-18 Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh Cyclone with adjustable dust collection
EP0482505A1 (en) * 1990-10-24 1992-04-29 PROECO INTERNATIONAL GmbH Vortex-filter combination for the separation of solids dispersed in gases or in vapours
US6017381A (en) * 1998-03-09 2000-01-25 Advance Electrostatic Technologies, Inc. Field effect auxiliary gas cyclone (FEAGC) and method of using
US11135601B2 (en) * 2019-03-05 2021-10-05 Leonardo S.P.A. Centrifugal separator of gas—liquid for electrochemical battery

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