US2690901A

US2690901A - Undulated nozzle tip

Info

Publication number: US2690901A
Application number: US207089A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lawrence E Mccormack
Original assignee: GUNITE CONCRETE AND CONSTRUCTI
Current assignee: GUNITE CONCRETE AND CONSTRUCTI; GUNITE CONCRETE AND CONSTRUCTION Co
Priority date: 1951-01-22
Filing date: 1951-01-22
Publication date: 1954-10-05
Anticipated expiration: 1971-10-05

Description

6%. 3954 L.. E. M CORMACK UNDULATED NOZZLE TIP Filed Jan. 22, 195].

ATTOKNEK i INVENTOR.

Milly/7K6 E. MO/WYJGK Patented Oct. 5, 1954 UITED STA NT OFFICE UNDULATED NOZZLE TIP Missouri Application January 22, 1951, Serial No. 207,089

1 Claim.

This invention relates to nozzle construction and particularly to those commonly employed in the field of handling cementitious substances and has for its primary aim the provision of a novel tip for the nozzle made entirely of resilient material and undulated throughout the length thereof to more effectively intermix the materials as the same pass through the nozzle structure.

It is the most important object of the present invention to provide a nozzle tip made from rubher or rubber-like material that comprises a tube having a plurality of aligned sections, each being elliptical in longitudinal cross-section, for guiding the material through the tip in serpentine intersecting paths of travel, to thoroughly intermix the components of the cementitious substance prior to application thereof.

A further object of this invention is the provision of a resilient tip for nozzles of the aforementioned type that is entirely free of all confining circumscribing structure and of such resiliency as to expand to deformed condition upon tendency to clog, whereby to create pressure within the tip, causing rapid dislodgement of the clogged material.

Another object of this invention is to provide a tip for outlet nozzles which tip has a lining of highly resilient, yieldable material and a reinforcing outer layer, to the end that the inner substance is relatively more capable of withstanding the abraiding force of the cementitious material and thereby increase the life of the tip.

Other objects of the present invention include the provision of novel means of attaching the tip; a restricted outlet opening to assure the mixing action above mentioned; and a water collector on the outlet end of the tip.

Additional objects will be made clear as the following specification progresses, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a nozzle structure having an undulated tip made pursuant to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged, longitudinal sectional view thereof.

Fig. 3 is a transverse, cross sectional view taken on line III-III of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the undulated nozzle tip illustrating a modified form thereof.

One of the most difiicult problems in handling cementitious materials, such as cement, sand or other aggregate and water, is to thoroughly intermix the ingredients prior to application. This problem is particularly prevalent where the material is applied with force from a nozzle structure through one of the usual methods of producing the force necessary to project the material into place. In such application, it is necessary that the materials be thoroughly intermixed with water, otherwise adherence to fiat surfaces and the like is not fully effected and loss due to rebound is objectionably great.

Use of the novel tip construction about to be described permits fully coating with water virtually every particle or granule of the material prior to application and as the same passes through the nozzle tip where by virtue of the particular configuration of the tip itself, the materials are also intermixed.

The tip illustrated in the drawing is mounted on a nozzle body broadly designated by the numeral It) which may be of any suitable form capable of directing the substances to be applied into nozzle tip 13. Nozzle body H] has one end thereof connected to a conduit I4 through which dry ingredients, such as sand and cement are supplied. In the instance illustrated, such material is forced under pressure through the conduit l4 into the nozzle body Ill and thence into the undulated tip I 3. Liquid, usually water, is added to the material by means of a pipe it having a valve 18 interposed therein for providing manual control of the flow.

The nozzle body In chosen for illustration includes a hollow body as having a fitting 22 telescoped therein for sliding movement toward and aawy from the tip l3, and the conduit [4 is connected directly to the adjustable coupling 22. A plug 24 threaded within the body 26 and circumscribing the coupling 22 serves as the means for shifting the coupling 22 toward and away from a suitable gasket 2 6 in body 20 and circumscribing outlet opening 28 thereof.

A seal 39 surrounds the coupling 22, and the liquid emanating from pipe l6 enters an annular cavity 32 formed in body 20 between seal 30 and the gasket 26. Obviously, the amount of liquid 3 that is permitted to pass to the dry ingredients within the body 26 is determined by the distance between gasket 26 and the proximal end of coupling 22, as adjusted by plug 2 3.

The tip i3 embodying the present invention comprises an elongated tube of resilient, flexible material, preferably rubber or like substance. Iip member i2 is of a softer and more resilient character than outer circumscribing shell 34 and the latter renders the entire tip I3 self-sustaining yet resilient and flexible enough to permit distension and a return to normal condition.

It has been determined in practice that the tip it may be monolithic or formed of a single piece of rubber as shown in Fig. l. In this form, the tip is one-piece, flexible and contoured like the tip shown in Fig. 2.

Tip I3 is mounted in the nozzle body If! by an annulus 36 formed integrally with the tip it and extending outwardly therefrom at one end thereof. Plug 42 threaded into the body 29 and circumscribing tip l3 bears against one side of annulus 36 as shown in Fig. 2. Plug 42 bearing against the annulus 35 holds the latter tightly against an outwardly-facing shoulder it forming a part of the body 20 adjacent outlet 28 thereof.

As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawing, the tip l 3 is undulated throughout the length thereof and particularly at the innermost face thereof. Such undulation presents a number of portions 46 that are substantially ellipsoidal and arranged in end-to-end relationship. Because of such configuration of each of the sections 46, there is presented a number of differing cross sectional areas throughout the length of the tip E3. The maximum cross sectional areas are preferably identical and alternate with the number of minimum cross sectional areas that are, also, preferably the same size.

Such undulations extending longitudinally of the tip l3 and throughout the length thereof present a number of constrictions 48 spaced longitudinally along the tip 13. Outlet end 50 of the tube 12 has a lesser diameter than the restricted diameters 48. There is provided adjacent the outlet end of the tip member an annular, frusto-conical, external collar 52 having its smaller end in the plane with the outlet end 50 to deflect liquid emanating from outlet end 50 away from the outer face of tip [3 when the device is placed in use.

It has been found that the particular configuration of the nozzle tip above described effectively premixes all of the ingredients that are directed thereto prior to discharge through outlet A pulsating action takes place since the material passing through the restrictions 33 is permitted to expand within the sections 463; and, during such expansion, the ingredients are not only thoroughly agitated, and thereby mixed, but the liquid content furnished by means of pipe I6 is caused to thoroughly saturate the dry substances and provide a covering for virtually every granular particle thereof.

In addition to the expansion that takes place within the inner surface of the tip I3 guides the material through a serpentine path of travel; and, as the material passes from a restricted portion 43 into the section 45 and thence to another restricted portion 68, it is deflected toward opposite sides of the inner face of tip IS in a criss cross pattern. This action also tends to eifect the thorough premixing of the material.

oval sections 46, the undulated,

The fact that tube [2 is highly resilient and pliable, that shell 34 is also flexible and capable of yielding under pressure, together with the fact that no structure is present to restrict the full expansion or ballooning of the tip IS, a nozzle outlet is provided that is not likely to clog, irrespective of the condition of the material emanating from nozzle II].

It is common knowledge that oftentimes such material tends to cake or form clogs and that nozzles of this character oftentimes become internally coated with the substance after addition of water thereto to a point of full stoppage of flow. Actual tests have proved that any tendency toward jamming is immediately overcome within the tip I3 by the ballooning that takes place wherever the clogging may appear. The tubular tip may become deformed to a diameter appreciably larger than normal, whereupon sufficient pressure is produced within the tip and back of the mass of material stopping normal flow to effect almost immediate dislodgement.

The volume of flow of material through the tubular tip i3 is determined in part, at least, by the size of outlet opening 50 and may be increased with ease by merely cutting away at the collar 52 to a point of greatest diameter in the proximal section 46, if desired.

Except for the provision of collar 52, nozzle tips of this character have a tendency to collect liquid on the outer face thereof which tends to channel therealong toward the nozzle ID. The collar 5:? prevents such disadvantage, since the liquid flows along the outermost conical surface of the collar 52 and drips therefrom at its base end. Furthermore, collar 52 serves as an additional reinforcement for the entire tubular tip at the outermost end thereof.

An additional factor that is of extreme importance is the tube l2 itself and the material from which it is made. By rendering the same highly pliable, it becomes long-lasting and capable of withstanding the abuse that is presented by the flow of the aggregate therethrough under relatively great force.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

As an article of manufacture, a readily deformable, flexible mixing tip for nozzles of cement guns comprising an elongated tubular body having a bore extending therethrough concentrically with its longitudinal axis, said bore being circular in transverse cross-sectional contour throughout its length and being provided with a restricted outlet at one end thereof and an inlet at the opposite end thereof, both concentric with said longitudinal axis of the body, said body having a plurality of end-to-end, frustoellipsoidal, integrally interconnected sections concentric with said longitudinal axis of the body, presenting a number of restrictions in the bore between the sections of appreciable lesser diameter than the maximum inside diameter of the sections and rendering the body uniformly undulated both externally and internally throughout its length, said body having a wall of substantially uniform thickness throughout its length and including an inner resilient lining of relatively soft, pliable rubber and an outer resilient shell of relatively firm rubber for rendering the body self-sustaining, said shell being in full covering relationship to the lining and having a frusto-conical, external collar integral therewith adjacent said outlet and progressively decreasing in outside diameter as the outlet is approached, and an integral annulus at said 0pposite end of the bore overlapping the proximal end of the lining and extending outwardly beyond the shell in an external flange, the diameter of said outlet being less than the diameters of said restrictions.

References Cited in the file of this patent Number Number Name Date Swann Dec. 9, 1930 Jackson June 28, 1932 Vawter Sept. 17, 1935 Fritz Dec. 31, 1935 Sample Apr. 6, 1937 Stone Nov. 17, 1942 Stone May 4, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Germany Feb. 9, 1909 Germany July 12, 1934