US2683802A - Pulse selecting circuits - Google Patents

Pulse selecting circuits Download PDF

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Publication number
US2683802A
US2683802A US132580A US13258049A US2683802A US 2683802 A US2683802 A US 2683802A US 132580 A US132580 A US 132580A US 13258049 A US13258049 A US 13258049A US 2683802 A US2683802 A US 2683802A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pulse
circuit
valve
grid
train
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Expired - Lifetime
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US132580A
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English (en)
Inventor
Frederic C Williams
Arthur A Robinson
Kilburn Tom
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National Research Development Corp UK
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Nat Res Dev
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F7/00—Methods or arrangements for processing data by operating upon the order or content of the data handled
    • G06F7/38—Methods or arrangements for performing computations using exclusively denominational number representation, e.g. using binary, ternary, decimal representation
    • G06F7/48—Methods or arrangements for performing computations using exclusively denominational number representation, e.g. using binary, ternary, decimal representation using non-contact-making devices, e.g. tube, solid state device; using unspecified devices
    • G06F7/50—Adding; Subtracting
    • G06F7/504—Adding; Subtracting in bit-serial fashion, i.e. having a single digit-handling circuit treating all denominations after each other
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/04—Generating or distributing clock signals or signals derived directly therefrom
    • G06F1/08—Clock generators with changeable or programmable clock frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/54—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements of vacuum tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/04—Synchronising
    • H04N5/06—Generation of synchronising signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/04—Synchronising
    • H04N5/06—Generation of synchronising signals
    • H04N5/067—Arrangements or circuits at the transmitter end
    • H04N5/073—Arrangements or circuits at the transmitter end for mutually locking plural sources of synchronising signals, e.g. studios or relay stations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pulse selecting circuits.
  • ()ne object of this invention is to provide a pulse selecting circuit having a high reliability of operation which enables a given pulse to be selected from a train of pulses and presented at a particular output point.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an arrangement comprising a chain of a pulse selecting circuits which enables each one of a train of n pulses to be presented at a different output point.
  • Such an arrangement finds application, for example, in binary digital computing machines, e. g. the machine described in the specification of co-pending patent application Serial No. 141,176, filed January 30, 1950, by F. C. Williams and T. Kilburn.
  • a pulse selecting circuit of the kind which enables a desired pulse to be selected from a train of pulses and presented at a particular output point and comprising a valve having at least the following electrodes in the order named a cathode, a grid GI, a grid G2, a grid G3 and an anode, means for feeding the train of pulses in positive going sense to the grid G3, means for applying a bias potential to the grid GI to normally render the valve nonconducting, means for applying to an electrode of said valve 3, priming pulse, preceding in time the desired pulse, to render said valve conducting and a feedback path between the grids G2 and G5 to maintain the conductivity of said valve so established for a time embracing the desired pulse, whereby a negative pulse may be obtained from the anode of the valve, coincident with the desired pulse at the grid G3.
  • a pulse selecting circuit of the kind which enables a desired pulse to be selected from a train of pulses and presented at a particular output point and comprising a valve having at least the following electrodes in the order named, a cathode, a grid G1, a grid G2, a grid G3 and an anode, means for feeding the train of pulses in positive going sense to the grid G3, means for applying a bias potential to the grid G!
  • the priming pulse is obtained by differentiation of the preceding pulse of the pulse train and is applied to the grid GI through a unilaterally conducting device which serves to select the positivegoing part of the difierentiated pulse for application to the grid GI.
  • a further feature of the invention resides in the use of a chain of circuits according to the invention for isolating each pulse of the pulse train in turn, the priming pulse for each circuit being derived from the negative-going output pulse from the preceding circuit, in which case, moreover, a negative-going pulse obtained from the succeeding circuit may be employed to terminate conductivity of the valve.
  • Figure 1 shows a circuit diagram of a pulse selecting circuit according to this invention which enables a given pulse to be selected from a train of pulses and presented at a particular output point;
  • Figure 2 shows waveforms illustrating the operation of the circuits shown in Figures 1 and 3 and Figure 3 shows in block schematic form a pulse selecting circuits of the kind shown in Figure 1 connected in a chain, an arrangement which enables each one of a train of n pulses to be presented separately at n different output points.
  • FIG 2A there is shown a train of n regularly recurring pulses Al-An, in a particular arrangement occurring at a repetition frequency of, say, about 118 kc./s., from which it is desired to select, say, the second pulse A2.
  • This pulse train is applied via a terminal 2 of the circuit of Figure 1, to the suppressor grid of a pentode valve I, but will normally produce no eiiect at the anode of th valve since the control grid of the valve is connected to a bias potential of l5 volts at terminal 66 via a high resistance leakage path consisting of resistances 6c and 61).
  • the pulse A2 may be selected from the pulse train shown in Figure 2A and generated at the anode of the valve i by applying a negative pulse, shown in Figure 2B, to the terminal 5 of the circuit of Figure 1.
  • This negative pulse is applied via the terminal 5 to a diiierentiating circuit, consisting of a condenser 6a and resistance 51), which differentiates the pulse to produce a sharp negative-going pulse coincident with its leading edge and a sharp positive-going pulse coincident with its trailing edge, both of these sharp pulses being shown in Figure 2C.
  • the diiierentiating circuit 511, 6b is connected to the anode of a diode 6d the cathode of which is connected to the control grid of the valve I, so that only the sharp positive pulse (Figure 2C) at the trailing edge of the negative pulse of Figure 2B is applied to the control grid of the valve I.
  • This sharp positive pulse acts as a priming pulse to turn on the valve current of the valve I.
  • the valve current then flows to the screen grid and the potential on the screen grid falls, the resting level of the pulses applied to the suppressor grid being suificient still to prevent the valve current reaching the anode.
  • a condenser I having a small capacity (e. g.
  • the terminal 9 is connected via a diiferentiating circuit consisting of a condenser 8a and resistances 8b and 80 to the cathode of a diode 8d,
  • n1, n has terminals 2.7:, 41;, 5x, 91:, IOI, and Ila: similarly connected to the terminals 2, 4, 5, 9, IEI and II respectively of the circuit shown in Figure 1.
  • Each terminal III of a circuit P1 is connected to the terminal 5+1 of the succeeding circuit Pr+1.
  • the negative pulse at the terminal [1: of the circuit P1 is difierentiated by the diiferentiating circuit in the control grid circuit of the succeeding circuit PI+1 which produce a sharp positive pulse which serves as a priming pulse to turn on the valve current of the pentode valve in the circuit Px+l.
  • the train of n pulses ( Figure 2A) is applied to the suppressor grids of the pentodes of all the circuits in parallel via a terminal 2M while an initiating pulse preceding the first pulse (Ai, Figure 2A) in the train is applied to the terminal 51 of the first stage P1.
  • the circuit P1 will produce at terminal I91 an output pulse shown in Figure 2B coinoident with the first pulse A1 of the pulse train, the circuit P2 (1. e.
  • each succeeding circuit Pa will produce a pulse at terminal Ill: coincident with the 2 pulse in the train.
  • the valve current in each circuit Pa: is cut off at the desired instant immediately after the passage of the desired selected pulse by applying the potential on the terminal 4z+1 of the succeeding circuit Pzn+1 to the terminal 9:2.
  • a suitable pulse obtained from some exterior source and timed to occur at the end of the pulse train may be used.
  • a. negative going pulse from terminal 41, of the first stage which will be a negative going version of the pulse A(n+l) may be used to cut-0fi the valve in the last circuit.
  • a pulse of the form shown in Figure 2L could be applied to terminal 41. be derived from some suitable exterior source or alternatively, in the particular case just men tioned where the first pulse of the second train follows immediately after the last pulse of the first train, it could be derived from the output 11 or the last stage Pn.
  • the arrangement comprising a chain of circuit according to the present invention finds application in digital computing apparatus.
  • the train of n pulses may represent the digit positions in a binary number.
  • the whole binary number, in the reading and writing operations of the machine normally occupies a time interval defined by the run-down time of a saw-toothed time-base voltage.
  • An arrangement of the kind above described may therefore be used having a number of circuits corresponding to the number of pulse or digit positions occurring during the run-down period of the-time base voltage in order to obtain at separate output points pulses correspondingto each digit position.
  • each circuit is required to conduct only during a short period embracing the actual pulse to be selected by the circuit.
  • Considerable economy of current consumption is thereby achieved and also, as explained above, operating conditions which would not be permissable for continuous operation are allowable.
  • each circuit comprises only one valve, a minimum liability of trouble due to valve failure is introduced.
  • a pulse selecting circuit of the kind which enables a desired pulse to be selected from a train of pulses and presented at a particular output point and comprising a valve having at least a cathode, a first, a second and a third grid and an anode in that order, a circuit for applying energising potentials to said second grid and said anode, means for feeding the train of pulses in positive-going sense to said third grid, means for applying a bias potential to said first grid to normally render the valve non-conducting, means for deriving a priming pulse preceding in time the desired pulse and means for applying said priming pulse to an electrode of said valve to render said valve conducting, a feedback path between said first and second grids to maintain the conductivity of said valve so established for a time embracing the desired pulse and a load impedance in the anode circuit of said valve to provide an output pulse from said anode coincident with the desired pulse at said third grid.
  • a pulse selecting circuit of the kind which enables a desired pulse to be selected from a train of pulses and presented at a particular output point and comprising a valve having at least the following electrodes in the order named, a cathode, first, second and third grids and an anode.
  • circuit for applying energising potentials to said second grid and said anode means for feeding the train of pulses in a positivegoing sense to said third grid, means for applying a bias potential to said first grid to normally render the valve non-conducting, means for deriving a positive priming pulse preceding in time the desired pulse and means for applying said priming pulse to first grid to overcome said bias and render the valve conducting, a feedback path including a condenser between said first and second grids to maintain the conductivity of said valve so established for a time embracing the desired pulse and a load impedance in the anode circuit of said valve to provide a negative-going output pulse from said anode coincident with the desired pulse at said third grid.
  • a pulse selecting circuit including means for deriving said priming pulse from the pulse preceding the desired pulse in said train of pulses.
  • An arrangement comprising a plurality of pulse selecting circuits according to claim 2 connected in a chain and including means for derivin the priming pulse for each of said circuits except the first in said chain from the output pulse of the preceding circuit, together with means for deriving a pulse from the output pulse of each of said circuits except the first in said chain and applying it to electrode of the preceding circuit to terminate the conductivity of the valve in the circuit to which it is applied.
  • said means for deriving said primin pulses comprise a diiierentiating circuit and a unilaterally conducting device connected between the anode of the valve of each circuit except the last in said chain and the first grid of the valve in the succeeding circuit, said unilaterally conducting device being connected in such polarity as to select the positive pulse obtained by differ-- entiation of said output pulse for application to said first grid.
  • said means for deriving said pulse to terminate the conductivity of the valve in each circuit except the last in said chain comprise a differentiating circuit and a unilaterally, conducting device connected between the second grid of the valve in each circuit except the first in said chain and the first grid of the valve in the preceding circuit, said unilaterally conducting device being connected in such polarity as to select the negative pulse obtained by difierentiation of the potential on said second grid for application to said first grid.
  • a pulse selecting circuit comprising a chain of valves each having at least the following electrodes in the order named, a cathode, a first grid, a second grid, a third grid and an anode, a cir cuit for applying energising potentials to said second grid and said anode, a feedback condenser connected between the first and second grids of each valve, means for applying a bias potential to the first grids of said valves to normally render the valves non-conducting, a connection including a first differentiating circuit and a first unilaterally conducting device between the anode of each valve except the last in said chain and the first grid of the succeeding valve, the anode of said first unilaterally conducting device being connected to said first differentiating circuit and the cathode being connected to said first grid, a connection including a second differentiating circuit and a second unilaterally conducting device between the second grid of each valve except the first in said chain and the first grid of the preceding valve, the cathode of said second unilaterally conducting device
  • An electric pulse selecting circuit of the kind which enables the selection and presentation at a particular output point of a desired pulse having a predetermined order of position in a series of sequential pulses and comprising an input terminal for connection to the source of said train of pulses, an output terminal for connection to means for receiving the selected pulse, a gating device connected between said input and output terminals, a source of bias potential connected to said gating device and normally inhibiting the transfer of pulses through such gating device from said input terminal to said output terminal, a priming pulse input terminal for connection to a source providing a pulse timed to precede the desired pulse, circuit means for applying said priming pulse to said gating device to overcome said inhibiting bias potential and thus to place it in a condition to allow transference of pulses from said input terminal to said output terminal, delay circuit means connected to said gating device and operating to maintain said device in said condition to transfer pulses therethrough subsequent to the termination of said priming pulse and until after the transfer of said desired pulse through said gating device to said output terminal.
  • An electric pulse selecting circuit which includes a terminating pulse input terminal for connection to a source providing a pulse timed to follow the transfer of said desired pulse to said output terminal and circuit means connecting such terminating pulse input terminal to said delay circuit means for applying said terminating pulse to terminate the period of maintenance of said gating device in said pulse transferring condition.
  • An electric pulse selecting circuit which includes a terminating pulse output terminal for connection to the terminating pulse input terminal of another similar pulse selecting circuit dealing with a pulse in said train of pulses immediately preceding said desired pulse and circuit means between said terminating pulse output terminal and said gating device for deriving an output terminating pulse from the change of conditions consequent upon said gating device being operated into a condition to transfer pulses therethrough.
  • An arrangement for enabling each one of a train of n successive electric pulses to be presented at a predetermined and different one of n separate output points which comprises a first source of pulses providing a starting pulse timed to precede the first pulse of each of said trains of n pulses, a second source of pulses providing a terminating pulse subsequent to the last pulse of each of said trains of n pulses and It electric pulse selecting circuits each including an input terminal, an output terminal, a normally inhibited gating device connected between said input and output terminals, a priming pulse input terminal, a terminating pulse input terminal, circuit means associated with said gating device and connected to said priming pulse and said terminating pulse input terminals to cause removal of said inhibition of said gating device upon application of a pulse at said priming pulse input terminal and reapplication of said inhibition upon application of a terminating pulse at said terminating pulse input terminal, means for generating a terminating pulse in time coincidence with the removal of the inhibition of said gating device and a terminating pulse output terminal connected to said
  • a circuit arrangement for selecting and reproducing from a train of electric pulse signals, a given pulse signal whose time of occurrence has a predetermined relationship to the time of cocurrence of the other pulse signals of said train which comprises input terminals for receiving said train of electric pulse signals, output terminals for supplying said selected and reproduced pulse signal, a normally inhibited gating device connected between said input and output terminals, a priming pulse input terminal, circuit means associated with said gating device and con nected to said priming pulse input terminal for causing removal of the normal inhibition of said gating device by and at the time of a priming pulse applied to said priming pulse input terminal condition-sustaining means for maintaining 5% the removal of said inhibition or" said gating device after decay of said priming pulse and means for reimposing said inhibition subsequent to the passage through said gating device of the next pulse signal arriving at said input terminals following said priming pulse.
  • a circuit arrangement for selecting and reproducing from a train of electric pulse signals in unaltered timing or form a given pulse signal whose time of occurrence has a predetermined relationship to the time of occurrence of the other pulse signals of said train which comprises input terminals for receiving said train of electric pulse signals, output terminals for supplying said selected and reproduced pulse signal, a gating device connected between said input and output terminals, means for supplying a control-potential to said gating device which normally inhibits passage of signals therethrough, a priming pulse input terminal, circuit means associated with said a control potential supply means and connected to said priming pulse input terminal for causing removal of said inhibiting control potential from said gating device by and at the time of a priming pulse applied to said priming pulse input terminal, condition sustaining means for maintaining the removal of said inhibiting control potential from said gating device after decay of said priming pulse and means for reimposing said inhibiting control potential subsequent to the passage through said gating device of the next pulse signal arriving at said input terminals following said priming pulse.
  • a circuit arrangement for selecting and reproducing from a train of electric pulse signals a desired pulse having a given sequential position in said pulse train which comprises input terminals for receiving said input pulse signal train, output terminals for supplying said desired pulse signal, normally inhibited gating means connected between said input and output terminals, a priming pulse input terminal for receiving a priming pulse signal coincident in timing with that of the pulse signal in said input signal train which immediately precedes said desired pulse signal,- circuit means associated with said gating device and, said priming pulse input terminal for rendering said gating device conductive upon application of a priming pulse at said priming pulse input terminal, condition-sustaining means for maintaining said gate device in such conductive condition subsequent to decay of said priming pulse, a terminating pulse input terminal for receiving a terminating pulse signal occurring after the end of said desired pulse signal and further circuit means associated with said condition sustaining means and said terminating pulse input terminal for terminating the operation of 'said condition sustaining means upon application of said terminating pulse signal.

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US132580A 1948-12-23 1949-12-12 Pulse selecting circuits Expired - Lifetime US2683802A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB33192/48A GB705477A (en) 1948-12-23 1948-12-23 Improvements in or relating to electric pulse-selecting circuits

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US2683802A true US2683802A (en) 1954-07-13

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US132580A Expired - Lifetime US2683802A (en) 1948-12-23 1949-12-12 Pulse selecting circuits

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US (1) US2683802A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE492884A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH280880A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE834776C (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR1003998A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB705477A (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL150649B (en, 2012)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2824958A (en) * 1952-11-26 1958-02-25 Dunn Jenus Lamar Electronic pulse decoder
US2829248A (en) * 1951-07-07 1958-04-01 Oberbeck Helmut Impulse comparing arrangement
US2910581A (en) * 1954-06-09 1959-10-27 Hazeltine Research Inc Phase detector
US2986703A (en) * 1957-04-06 1961-05-30 Telefunken Gmbh Phase comparison circuit
US3222454A (en) * 1962-06-18 1965-12-07 Hughes Aircraft Co Digital comparison circuits

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2444950A (en) * 1945-10-30 1948-07-13 Research Corp Multisignal transmission system
US2478919A (en) * 1943-07-17 1949-08-16 Rca Corp Pulse type multiplex communication system
US2496909A (en) * 1947-10-01 1950-02-07 Rca Corp Pulse amplitude discrimination
US2506124A (en) * 1944-03-28 1950-05-02 Emi Ltd Circuit arrangement for indicating the duration of electrical pulses
US2534264A (en) * 1945-08-03 1950-12-19 Conrad H Hoeppner Pulse width discriminator

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2478919A (en) * 1943-07-17 1949-08-16 Rca Corp Pulse type multiplex communication system
US2506124A (en) * 1944-03-28 1950-05-02 Emi Ltd Circuit arrangement for indicating the duration of electrical pulses
US2534264A (en) * 1945-08-03 1950-12-19 Conrad H Hoeppner Pulse width discriminator
US2444950A (en) * 1945-10-30 1948-07-13 Research Corp Multisignal transmission system
US2496909A (en) * 1947-10-01 1950-02-07 Rca Corp Pulse amplitude discrimination

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2829248A (en) * 1951-07-07 1958-04-01 Oberbeck Helmut Impulse comparing arrangement
US2824958A (en) * 1952-11-26 1958-02-25 Dunn Jenus Lamar Electronic pulse decoder
US2910581A (en) * 1954-06-09 1959-10-27 Hazeltine Research Inc Phase detector
US2986703A (en) * 1957-04-06 1961-05-30 Telefunken Gmbh Phase comparison circuit
US3222454A (en) * 1962-06-18 1965-12-07 Hughes Aircraft Co Digital comparison circuits

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL150649B (nl)
DE834776C (de) 1952-03-24
BE492884A (en, 2012) 1950-01-14
CH280880A (de) 1952-02-15
FR1003998A (fr) 1952-03-24
GB705477A (en) 1954-03-17

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