US2681056A

US2681056A - Spirit stove

Info

Publication number: US2681056A
Application number: US34791A
Authority: US
Inventors: Fischl Ferenc
Original assignee: AMERIKA MATTS AB
Current assignee: AMERIKA MATTS AB; AMERIKA-MATTS AB
Priority date: 1947-12-12
Filing date: 1948-06-23
Publication date: 1954-06-15
Anticipated expiration: 1971-06-15

Description

June 15, 1954 F. FISCHL 2,681,056

SPIRIT STOVE Filed June 23, 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORL t/zg f Z-REA/c FiscHz.

ATTORNEY.

F. FISCHL SPIRIT STOVE June 15, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 23, 1948 JNVENTOR. F'EIPENC ESCHL.

ATTORNEK Patented June 15, 1954 SPIRIT STOVE Ferenc Fischl,

Stockholm-Hagersten,

Sweden,

assignor to Aktiebolaget Amerika-Matts, Falun, Sweden, a corporation of Sweden Application June 23, 1948, Serial No. 34,791

Claims priority, application Sweden December 12, 1947 The present invention relates to a heater such as a spirit stove comprising a container enclosing a substance for absorbing fuel and havin gas escaping holes and an opening at its top for filling the container with fuel. In spirit stoves of this kind the fuel is gasified within the container. The gas escapes through the aforementioned holes or apertures and the heat produced by the burning gas heats the container so as to cause a continuous development of gas. Similar stoves operate satisfactorily only under specific conditions, compelling the user to exactly follow operating instructions to produce a good result. Particularly the problem of lighting the stove without special manipulations immediately after filling up with fuel has proven to be difficult. With earlier designs it was necessary to pour off surplus fuel, which could not be controlled from outside and, moreover, it was often necessary to repeatedly pre-heat the burner to effect ignition.

It is the main object of the present invention to eliminate the said difficulties by providing means ensuring safe operation of the heater without particular measures of precaution. A further object of the invention is to provide means rendering the pre-heating of the apparatus more effective so as to ensure its ignition with a single pre-heating operation, even if the apparatus had just been filled with fuel.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description considered in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a side-elevation, partly in section, of a spirit stove according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the stove, part of a support for a cooking vessel being omitted in the lower half of the figure.

Fig. 3 shows a stopper for the filling aperture of the" stove.

Fig. 4 is a side-elevation, partly in section, of a spirit stove for two flames.

Fig. 5 is a top-view of a ring of dry spirit, and Fig. 6 is a sectional view thereof.

Fig. '7 is a partly sectioned side-elevation of a container for a charge cartridge for the spirit stove.

Fig. 8 is a vertical section through a spirit stove provided with an insertable distributor element.

Fig. 9 is a horizontal section through the distributor element on line IXIX in Fig. 8.

Like parts are designated by like numerals in all figures of the drawing.

In the drawings, numeral I0 designates a spirit 3 Claims. (Cl. 126-43) stove, which consists of a cylindric container I2, the bottom of which is closed by a screw-lid I4, and which at the top merges in an upper part I6 of cylindric shape and having a smaller diameter than that of the container I2. In the portion connecting the container I2 and the upper part Iii a groove I8 is provided adjacent to the upper part I6. Outside the groove I8 is another groove I9 which is more shallow than the groove I8. The upper part is closed at the top by a cover 28 and provided with a hollow rim forming a pocket 20 having a bottom 22 formed by a cone-shaped or downwards convex hollow filter or screw element 2%, located in the interior of the upper part it and with its top turned downwards. In the embodiments illustrated, the element 24 acts as a filter, because its walls are provided with small holes 26. The pocket 20 is adapted to be closed by means of a threaded stopper 28 which may be tubular and communicating with the interior of the container through a plurality of holes 39. On a level somewhat above the bottom 22 the outer side wall of the upper part It has small holes 35 which are placed in the rim portion H i connecting the side wall with the horizontal top (Fig. 8) The container I2 is filled with a liquid absorbing substance 32, such as cotton, wad, textile, fossil dust etc. The material may consist, as is indicated in Fig. 1, of a coherent renewable unit of approximately the same shape as the container I2 and may be procured from burnt fossil dust. The stopper 28 is provided with means for carrying a supporting plate 34 for a cooking vessel not shown.

Fig. 4 shows two stoves of the same construction as shown in Fig. 1, but built on a common container 36 filled with the absorbing material 32 to the level of the conic element 24. Figs. 5 and 6 show a ring-shaped combustible body 31, for instance of dry spirit, so dimensioned that it fits into the groove I 8. Fig. 7 shows a storage container 38 closed at the bottom by means of a screw-lid All and intended for preservation and transportation of a cartridge 32 impregnated with fuel and being of the shape and kind as described with reference to Fig. 1. The advantage of this arrangement is evident, since no liquid combustible need be carried in the spirit stove for example on an excursion. The cartridges might be impregnated with the combustible beforce the departure and be put into their containers, thus avoiding any risk of liquid combustible flowing out and destroying other equipment. The cartridges themselves are not consumed and can be reimpregnated with fuel.

ignited.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 8 and 9 the spirit stove is provided with an attachable distributor element of cylindrical cross-section, the upper edge of the casing 54 of which is secured to the outer edge of the bottom surface of the filter 23', 24'. The casing 4 is preferably made of thin sheet-plate and is completely or partly longitudinally slotted, so that its upper portion is resiliently pressed against the inside wall of the upper part It. The casing 45 is open at the top and closed at the bottom by a downwards bulging bottom piece 65 fastened to the lower edge of the casing 54. Both, the casing i l and the bottom 46, are perforated over their entire surface, preferably with considerably smaller holes than the openings and holes of the filter element 23, 2 3 in the upper part Hi. In the embodiment shown, the container 42 is filled with glass wool.

When using the spirit stoves shown in Figs. 1-7 the stopper Z8 is screwed off. Fuel is poured into the pocket 26 and flows through the perforations 26 in the element 24 down into the liquid absorbing material 32. An allotted amount of combustible will be completely absorbed by the material. If no fuel measuring devices are available, the fuel may be filled in until it reaches the bottom 22 of the cone-shaped element, without caus ing any difficulties for the subsequent lighting of the stove. t can be conveniently ascertained from the outside that the quantity of the fuel filled in is not so great as to disturb the opera tion of the stove. When the stove has been filled in this manner, the stopper 23 is screwed on, and fuel is poured, or a ring of for instance dry spirit is placed into the groove l3 and ignited. Hereby the wall of the upper section is heated up, and the heat is transferred mostly through conduction in the material, but also through radiation to the container, whereby development of gas from the fuel absorbed in the absorbing material begins to be effected. The gas developed is collected in the space above the absorbing material, and, after enough gas has accumulated, the gas escapes through the holes 3!, where it is ignited by the preheating flame. The gas emerging from apertures 3! burns in flames extending substantially eentrifugally. The size of the gascollecting space above the absorbent mass is of decisive importance for the correct functioning of the stove or apparatus, the cone-shaped element 2% assuring the correct volume of the space under all circumstances.

When using the spirit stove shown in Figs. 8 and 9, is filled into the pocket 28' and flows through the holes in the filter element 23, 24 into the element 13. As the latter extends deeply into the mass with which the container 42 is filled, the spirit is quickly absorbed by the absorbent mass via the perforated walls of the element A3. A relatively small part of the spirit remains the material contained in casing 44. Thereupon the groove I8 is filled with spirit and Hereby the wall or the upper part It is heated up and produces a surprisingly quick development of gas in the impregnated mass of the container 52 due to heat conduction through the element 43 and its wall d6. Whereas the time until a suficient amount of gas has been produced and accumulated in the upper part [6 and begins to escape through the holes 31 where it is ignited by the fiame of the spirit burning in the groove 48, amounts to a few minutes, only a fraction of that period elapses between the ignition of the ore-heating spirit in the groove l8 and the escape of the gas out of the container 42 and the ignition of the gas, if the stove is provided with the distributor element 43. A further essential advantage of this embodiment is obtained by the conduction of heat through the casing wall 54 of the element 43, assuring a quick production of gas from the lower layer of the absorbent mass in container 42 even if the spirit in the upper layer of the spirit absorbing mass has already been consumed. This advantage is particularly obvious, when the spirit absorbing mass in the container 32 does not consist of a coherent material, but of a powder impregnated with spirit. Such powder may be simply filled into the container 42, for instance from a reservoir of supply containing such spirit-impregnated powder, after the stove has been turned upside down, and the detachable bottom for the container d2 has been screwed off.

While several more or less specific embodiments of my invention have been shown, it is to be understood that this is for purpose of illustration only, and my invention is not to be limited thereby, but its scope is to be determined by the appended claims viewed in the light of the prior art.

What I claim is:

1. A spirit stove comprising, in combination, a container having a lower part of relatively large cross-section and a cylindrical upper part of relatively small cross-section; said container having at the junction between said. upper part and said lower part an annular groove for receiving alcohol for pie-heating the stove; said upper part having an opening for pouring alcohol into the container and having an annular hollow rim portion having an open bottom and an inner wall surrounding said opening; a cover fitting into said rim portion adjacent to its inner wall for closing said opening when the stove is in normal operation; a fiuid-pervious screen member forming a vapor chamber, disposed in said upper part and separating the interior of said rim portion and the space surrounded thereby from said container; spirit-absorbing means disposed in said lower part; said rim portion having an outer wall; and a plurality of apertures in said outer wall for discharging spirit vapor in a radially outward direction.

2. A spirit stove comprising, in combination, a container having a lower part of relatively large cross-section and an upper part of relatively small cross-section; said upper part having an opening for pouring alcohol into the container and a hollow rim portion having an open bottom and an inner wall surrounding said opening; a cover fitting into said rim portion adjacent to its inner wall for closing said opening when the stove is in normal operation; a fiuid-pervious screen member forming a vapor chamber, disposed in said upper part and separating the interior of said rim portion and the space surrounded thereby from said container; spirit-absorbing means disposed in said lower part; said rim portion having an outer wall; and a plurality of apertures in said outer wall for discharging spirit vapor in a radially outward direction; said screen member comprising a substantially horizontal, plane and uninterrupted portion abutting the inside of said upper part beneath said rim portion and a substantially concave portion extending downward from said horizontal portion for resisting expansion of said absorbing means into said upper part and maintaining the desired size of said vapor chamber.

3. A spirit stove comprising, in combination, a

5. container having a lower part of relatively large cross-section and an upper part of relatively small cross-section; said upper part having an opening for pouring alcohol into the container and a hollow rim portion having an open bottom and an inner wall surrounding said opening; a cover fitting into said rim portion adjacent to its inner wall for closing said opening when the stove is in normal operation; a fluid-pervious screen member forming a vapor chamber, disposed in said upper part and separating the interior of said rim portion and the space surrounded thereby from said container; spirit-absorbing means disposed in said lower part; said rim portion having an outer wall; and a plurality of apertures in said outer wall for discharging spirit vapor in a radially outward direction; said screen member forming a receptacle inserted in said upper part and extending into the lower part and having a substantially horizontal, plane top surface closing the bottom of said rim portion and said upper part at the level of said bottom, a fluid-pervious screen partition dividing said receptacle into an upper chamber, forming said vapor chamber, and a lower chamber, and spirit absorbent matter disposed in said lower chamber.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 536,614 Fisch Apr. 2, 1895 560,319 Mast May 19, 1896 623,555 Otten Apr. 25, 1899 766,618 Heinricks Aug. 2, 1904 1,226,625 Ball May 22, 1917 2,130,434 Solomon Sept. 20, 1938 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 41,319 Australia Mar. '10, 1910 428,488 France Aug. 31, 1911 152,239 Great Britain Oct. 14, 1920 546,857 France Nov. 25, 1922 816,752 France Aug. 17, 1937 678, 53 Germany July 12, 1939 871,314 France Apr. 20, 1942