US2679778A - Flexible rotary tool - Google Patents

Flexible rotary tool Download PDF

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Publication number
US2679778A
US2679778A US346433A US34643353A US2679778A US 2679778 A US2679778 A US 2679778A US 346433 A US346433 A US 346433A US 34643353 A US34643353 A US 34643353A US 2679778 A US2679778 A US 2679778A
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United States
Prior art keywords
shank
spring
portions
flexible
rotary tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US346433A
Inventor
Lewis E Krafft
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AETNA MANUFACTURING Co
Original Assignee
AETNA Manufacturing Co
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Publication date
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Priority to US346433A priority Critical patent/US2679778A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2679778A publication Critical patent/US2679778A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00—Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/48—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes
    • B25B13/481—Spanners; Wrenches for special purposes for operating in areas having limited access
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B15/00—Screwdrivers
    • B25B15/001—Screwdrivers characterised by material or shape of the tool bit
    • B25B15/004—Screwdrivers characterised by material or shape of the tool bit characterised by cross-section
    • B25B15/008—Allen-type keys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B15/00—Screwdrivers
    • B25B15/02—Screwdrivers operated by rotating the handle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/45—Flexibly connected rigid members
    • Y10T403/459—Helical spring type coupling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to flexible rotary tools, and in particular to a structure rendering such tools flexible.
  • Fig. 1 represents a bar wrench of conventional right-angular form embodying the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the wrench as seen in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross section of the wrench shown in Fig. 1 and is taken on line 3-3 thereof.
  • Fig. 4 shows one manner of using the wrench of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 represents any other type of rotary tool, specifically a screw driver with a Philips head.
  • any tool which is used in a rotary manner either a bar wrench, a screw driver, or a drill
  • a flexible coil spring is employed to connect the separated shank portions.
  • the shank portions and the spring are so designed and related to each other that the shank may be force-fitted into the end of the spring to give a sufiiciently tight union for the uses of the particular tool.
  • these uses may vary over a wide range, but the normal and practical uses thereof are contemplated as the principal goal.
  • each portion may be round in cross section, it is preferred that each portion has a polygonal cross section, thereby to provide corner vmember to be turned.
  • a polygonal cross section may be triangular, quadrilateral, 0r many-sided, with or without regularity in design.
  • a regular polygonal form of bar is represented in Fig. 1 by the material conventionally used when a cut end thereof fits a socket in a This has a regular hexagonal cross section, and the corner lines of the shank are straight lines.
  • a twist may be introduced without in any way departing from the utility of the polygonal cross section for the present invention.
  • a common bar wrench with a hexagonal cross section is cut into two portions 18 and ii, the longer section Iii having the usual right angular extension l2 thereof as a structure useful as a handle when the opposite end is the working end.
  • shank portions IE3 and H are connected by a coil spring l5, one end It of which has a forced fit with the shank portion II, the other end ll having a forced fit with the shank portion it.
  • the shank portions are forced into the spring thereby slightly to expand the coils. They may be forced in axially, or screwed into place, the preferred manner depending upon which metal is the harder.
  • the normal tendency of the coils to contract causes the coils to grip the shank and make contact therewith at the corner lines one of which is designated I8.
  • the strand of which the spring i5 is made is preferably circular spring wire whereby the area of contact of the coils at the corner lines I8 is limited and thereby the gripping force between the coil and shank is greater per unit of area.
  • the contact of the corner lines [8 with the round of the wire to a slight degree upsets the metal of one part or the other forming contact areas tending to lock the union against twistmg.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a corner in which a socket head screw 20 is mounted, in which screw the wrench of Fig. 1 is inserted for rotary use at the illustrated angle.
  • the designated wall 21 is so located that a standard inflexible socket wrench, such as that in Fig. 1 Without the spring, could not be turned through a complete revolution.
  • the screw 29 may be readily turned by the wrench of Fig. 1 through several complete revolutions.
  • the wall 23 surrounding the socket 22 in screw 20 may be considered as a sort of jig holding the wrench section II in its axial position for rotation.
  • the invention may be applied to produce flexible drills when there is provided a suitable jig or its equivalent to hold the working end of the tool, namely a drill, in axial alinement for its drilling operation.
  • Fig. 5 represents another form of tool embodying the invention, namely a screw driver having a conventional handle 30, a straight shank 31 inserted in the handle, a Philips head 32 enclwise separated from the shank 3 I, and a connecting spring 33.
  • and 32 of the screw driver are hexagonal, which is conventional for many forms of such tools with a Philips head.
  • the Philips head for a screw driver is preferred over a single blade screw driver, because the Philips head has in effect the four quadrant blades 35 which in use of the illustrated tool in a flexed position hold the head in the Philips slot of the screw being worked.
  • a single blade screw driver tends to slide out of its slot at certain positions in its operation, as may be well understood. However, it is not intended that a single blade screw driver head is inoperable in connection with a flexible shank, because this type of flexible tool is well known, although otherwise constructed.
  • a rotary tool comprising two endwise separated straight shank portions each polygonal in cross section, and a coiled spring connecting said portions, one shank portion having at its free end handle-means extending laterally therefrom to facilitate rotatary manipulation of said shank portion, the other shank portion having at its free end a working structure adapted to engage an element to be turned thereby as a result of rotary movement imparted to said shank portion through said spring, the other ends of each shank portion being housed within an end portion of the spring, said end portions of the spring being slightly expanded by a forced fit whereby engagement of the spring and each shank is limited to the corner lines of the polygonal shank.
  • a rotary tool comprising two endwise separated straight shank portions each polygonal in cross section, and a coiled spring of wire which is round in cross section connecting said portions, one shank portion having at its free end handle-means extending laterally therefrom to facilitate rotary manipulation of said shank portion, the other shank portion having at its free end a working structure adapted to engage an element to be turned thereby as a result of rotary movement imparted to said shank portion through said spring, the other ends of each shank portion being housed within an end portion of the spring, said end portions of the spring being slightly expanded by a forced fit whereby engagement of the spring and each shank is limited to the corner lines of the polygonal shank.
  • a flexible bar wrench for hexagonal sockets comprising two endwise separated hexagonal shank portions, one being a straight portion and the other having a right-angle bend therein, and a coiled spring connecting said portions, the end of each shank portion being housed within an end portion of the spring, said end portions of the spring being slightly expanded by a forced fit whereby engagement of the spring and the shank is limited to the six corner lines of the hexagonal shank.

Description

June 1, 1954 -r 2,679,778
FLEXIBLE ROTARY TOOL Filed April 2, 1953 In van for Lea 22's Z Kid/77 a W mm 0W i a .i fa/veg Patented June 1, 1954 UNlTED STATES ATENT OFFlE FLEXIBLE ROTARY TOOL Application April 2, 1953, Serial No. 346,433
3 Claims.
The present invention relates to flexible rotary tools, and in particular to a structure rendering such tools flexible.
Numerous tools such as drills, screw drivers and socket wrenches are frequently needed in tight places where the location of the work makes ordinary inflexible tools difficult or impossible to handle. It is known that such tools may be rendered flexible in various ways, and the present invention is directed to a simple structure for that purpose.
It is a general object of the present invention to join two shank portions of a rotary tool by means of a flexible coiled spring.
It is a particular object of the invention to pinch the shank within the spring by a forced fit.
It is still another object of the invention to provide either a shank or spring strand or both of such cross section that the tightness of the fit between them is assured.
Various other and ancillary objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and explanation of the presently preferred forms of the invention shown in the accompanying drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 represents a bar wrench of conventional right-angular form embodying the invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the wrench as seen in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross section of the wrench shown in Fig. 1 and is taken on line 3-3 thereof.
Fig. 4 shows one manner of using the wrench of Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 represents any other type of rotary tool, specifically a screw driver with a Philips head.
For the present invention, any tool which is used in a rotary manner, either a bar wrench, a screw driver, or a drill, has its main straight shank divided into two portions which are normally endwise separated. In accordance with the present invention, a flexible coil spring is employed to connect the separated shank portions. The shank portions and the spring are so designed and related to each other that the shank may be force-fitted into the end of the spring to give a sufiiciently tight union for the uses of the particular tool. Of course, these uses may vary over a wide range, but the normal and practical uses thereof are contemplated as the principal goal.
Although either one or both of the two separated shank portions may be round in cross section, it is preferred that each portion has a polygonal cross section, thereby to provide corner vmember to be turned.
lines running generally lengthwise of the shank into which the coils of the spring may forcibly engage. Where a polygonal cross section is employed, it may be triangular, quadrilateral, 0r many-sided, with or without regularity in design. A regular polygonal form of bar is represented in Fig. 1 by the material conventionally used when a cut end thereof fits a socket in a This has a regular hexagonal cross section, and the corner lines of the shank are straight lines. However, if desiredv a twist may be introduced without in any way departing from the utility of the polygonal cross section for the present invention.
In Fig. 1 a common bar wrench with a hexagonal cross section is cut into two portions 18 and ii, the longer section Iii having the usual right angular extension l2 thereof as a structure useful as a handle when the opposite end is the working end. With the shank portions IE3 and H endwise separated, they are connected by a coil spring l5, one end It of which has a forced fit with the shank portion II, the other end ll having a forced fit with the shank portion it. The shank portions are forced into the spring thereby slightly to expand the coils. They may be forced in axially, or screwed into place, the preferred manner depending upon which metal is the harder. The normal tendency of the coils to contract causes the coils to grip the shank and make contact therewith at the corner lines one of which is designated I8.
The strand of which the spring i5 is made is preferably circular spring wire whereby the area of contact of the coils at the corner lines I8 is limited and thereby the gripping force between the coil and shank is greater per unit of area. The contact of the corner lines [8 with the round of the wire to a slight degree upsets the metal of one part or the other forming contact areas tending to lock the union against twistmg.
Fig. 4 illustrates a corner in which a socket head screw 20 is mounted, in which screw the wrench of Fig. 1 is inserted for rotary use at the illustrated angle. In Fig. 4 the designated wall 21 is so located that a standard inflexible socket wrench, such as that in Fig. 1 Without the spring, could not be turned through a complete revolution. By means of the flexible connection the screw 29 may be readily turned by the wrench of Fig. 1 through several complete revolutions.
The wall 23 surrounding the socket 22 in screw 20 may be considered as a sort of jig holding the wrench section II in its axial position for rotation. Thus, the invention may be applied to produce flexible drills when there is provided a suitable jig or its equivalent to hold the working end of the tool, namely a drill, in axial alinement for its drilling operation.
Fig. 5 represents another form of tool embodying the invention, namely a screw driver having a conventional handle 30, a straight shank 31 inserted in the handle, a Philips head 32 enclwise separated from the shank 3 I, and a connecting spring 33. The two shank portions 3| and 32 of the screw driver are hexagonal, which is conventional for many forms of such tools with a Philips head. The Philips head for a screw driver is preferred over a single blade screw driver, because the Philips head has in effect the four quadrant blades 35 which in use of the illustrated tool in a flexed position hold the head in the Philips slot of the screw being worked. A single blade screw driver tends to slide out of its slot at certain positions in its operation, as may be well understood. However, it is not intended that a single blade screw driver head is inoperable in connection with a flexible shank, because this type of flexible tool is well known, although otherwise constructed.
The present invention is not to be considered as limited to or by the embodiments above illustrated and described, and numerous variations and applications may be made without departing from the invention as expressed in the appended claims.
I claim:
1. A rotary tool comprising two endwise separated straight shank portions each polygonal in cross section, and a coiled spring connecting said portions, one shank portion having at its free end handle-means extending laterally therefrom to facilitate rotatary manipulation of said shank portion, the other shank portion having at its free end a working structure adapted to engage an element to be turned thereby as a result of rotary movement imparted to said shank portion through said spring, the other ends of each shank portion being housed within an end portion of the spring, said end portions of the spring being slightly expanded by a forced fit whereby engagement of the spring and each shank is limited to the corner lines of the polygonal shank.
2. A rotary tool comprising two endwise separated straight shank portions each polygonal in cross section, and a coiled spring of wire which is round in cross section connecting said portions, one shank portion having at its free end handle-means extending laterally therefrom to facilitate rotary manipulation of said shank portion, the other shank portion having at its free end a working structure adapted to engage an element to be turned thereby as a result of rotary movement imparted to said shank portion through said spring, the other ends of each shank portion being housed within an end portion of the spring, said end portions of the spring being slightly expanded by a forced fit whereby engagement of the spring and each shank is limited to the corner lines of the polygonal shank.
3. A flexible bar wrench for hexagonal sockets comprising two endwise separated hexagonal shank portions, one being a straight portion and the other having a right-angle bend therein, and a coiled spring connecting said portions, the end of each shank portion being housed within an end portion of the spring, said end portions of the spring being slightly expanded by a forced fit whereby engagement of the spring and the shank is limited to the six corner lines of the hexagonal shank.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 211,918 Lombard Feb. 4, 1879 519,354 Sheppard May 8, 1894 1,187,497 Canfield June 20, 1916 2,372,930 Bovee Apr. 3, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 637,927 Great Britain May 31, 1950 1,010,858 France Mar. 26, 1952
US346433A 1953-04-02 1953-04-02 Flexible rotary tool Expired - Lifetime US2679778A (en)

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2917956A (en) * 1958-06-05 1959-12-22 Frank Edes Sheet metal bending tool
US3064355A (en) * 1960-05-27 1962-11-20 Bell Aerospace Corp Carbide thread plug shock absorber
US3232148A (en) * 1963-06-03 1966-02-01 James C Dearing Tool for holding nut fasteners
US4653564A (en) * 1984-07-06 1987-03-31 Norbert Marocco Track for blinds
US4838131A (en) * 1988-02-09 1989-06-13 Rhoades Clark J Nut starter
USRE33216E (en) * 1984-07-06 1990-05-15 Blind assembly
US5010940A (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-04-30 Norbert Marocco Swingable junction for a window covering
US6158094A (en) * 1998-06-23 2000-12-12 Clanin; William Rene Mechanical clamp controlling
US6179532B1 (en) * 1999-04-12 2001-01-30 Steven V. Oldham Flexible deburring tool
US20020108473A1 (en) * 2000-08-28 2002-08-15 Warner Mark S. Wrenches having two driving stems pivotally connected with each other
US6443039B1 (en) * 2000-04-04 2002-09-03 Mark Warner Wrenches having two driving stems pivotally connected with each other
US20070149973A1 (en) * 2003-06-27 2007-06-28 Medicrea Technologies Vertebral osteosynthesis equipment
US20110112580A1 (en) * 2003-06-27 2011-05-12 Medicrea Technologies Vertebral osteosynthesis equipment
US20130074662A1 (en) * 2009-12-29 2013-03-28 Liang-Hui Lin Hex wrench having greater strength
US8992586B2 (en) * 2011-07-20 2015-03-31 Michael H. Horwitz Minimal incision removable bone screw, driver, and method of use
IT201700029535A1 (en) * 2017-03-16 2017-06-16 Aldero Ind Supplies S R L Telescopic maneuvering wrench to facilitate wall anchoring of a suspended sanitary.
US20180147703A1 (en) * 2016-11-30 2018-05-31 Yi-feng Liu Screwdriver with rotating lever
WO2018166659A1 (en) * 2017-03-16 2018-09-20 Aldero Industrial Supplies S.R.L. Telescopic maneuvering wrench for facilitating anchoring of sanitary fixtures to a wall

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US211918A (en) * 1879-02-04 Improvement in watch and clock keys
US519354A (en) * 1894-05-08 William hy
US1187497A (en) * 1916-03-10 1916-06-20 Linnaeus T Canfield Dental instrument.
US2372930A (en) * 1943-11-16 1945-04-03 Jesse M Bovee Flexible shank tool
GB637927A (en) * 1947-01-23 1950-05-31 Harding And Ivens Ltd Improvements relating to screw-actuating keys
FR1010858A (en) * 1950-01-17 1952-06-16 Tool

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US211918A (en) * 1879-02-04 Improvement in watch and clock keys
US519354A (en) * 1894-05-08 William hy
US1187497A (en) * 1916-03-10 1916-06-20 Linnaeus T Canfield Dental instrument.
US2372930A (en) * 1943-11-16 1945-04-03 Jesse M Bovee Flexible shank tool
GB637927A (en) * 1947-01-23 1950-05-31 Harding And Ivens Ltd Improvements relating to screw-actuating keys
FR1010858A (en) * 1950-01-17 1952-06-16 Tool

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2917956A (en) * 1958-06-05 1959-12-22 Frank Edes Sheet metal bending tool
US3064355A (en) * 1960-05-27 1962-11-20 Bell Aerospace Corp Carbide thread plug shock absorber
US3232148A (en) * 1963-06-03 1966-02-01 James C Dearing Tool for holding nut fasteners
US4653564A (en) * 1984-07-06 1987-03-31 Norbert Marocco Track for blinds
USRE33216E (en) * 1984-07-06 1990-05-15 Blind assembly
US4838131A (en) * 1988-02-09 1989-06-13 Rhoades Clark J Nut starter
US5010940A (en) * 1989-01-23 1991-04-30 Norbert Marocco Swingable junction for a window covering
US6158094A (en) * 1998-06-23 2000-12-12 Clanin; William Rene Mechanical clamp controlling
US6179532B1 (en) * 1999-04-12 2001-01-30 Steven V. Oldham Flexible deburring tool
US6443039B1 (en) * 2000-04-04 2002-09-03 Mark Warner Wrenches having two driving stems pivotally connected with each other
US20020108473A1 (en) * 2000-08-28 2002-08-15 Warner Mark S. Wrenches having two driving stems pivotally connected with each other
US6688196B2 (en) * 2000-08-28 2004-02-10 Mark S. Warner Wrenches having two driving stems pivotally connected with each other
US20070149973A1 (en) * 2003-06-27 2007-06-28 Medicrea Technologies Vertebral osteosynthesis equipment
US7862593B2 (en) * 2003-06-27 2011-01-04 Medicrea Technologies Vertebral osteosynthesis equipment
US20110112580A1 (en) * 2003-06-27 2011-05-12 Medicrea Technologies Vertebral osteosynthesis equipment
US8308772B2 (en) 2003-06-27 2012-11-13 Medicrea Technologies Vertebral osteosynthesis equipment
US20130074662A1 (en) * 2009-12-29 2013-03-28 Liang-Hui Lin Hex wrench having greater strength
US9061401B2 (en) * 2009-12-29 2015-06-23 Liang-Hui Lin Hex wrench having greater strength
US8992586B2 (en) * 2011-07-20 2015-03-31 Michael H. Horwitz Minimal incision removable bone screw, driver, and method of use
US10441334B2 (en) 2011-07-20 2019-10-15 Michael H. Horwitz Minimal incision removable bone screw
US20180147703A1 (en) * 2016-11-30 2018-05-31 Yi-feng Liu Screwdriver with rotating lever
IT201700029535A1 (en) * 2017-03-16 2017-06-16 Aldero Ind Supplies S R L Telescopic maneuvering wrench to facilitate wall anchoring of a suspended sanitary.
WO2018166659A1 (en) * 2017-03-16 2018-09-20 Aldero Industrial Supplies S.R.L. Telescopic maneuvering wrench for facilitating anchoring of sanitary fixtures to a wall

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