US2674533A - Compositions and processes for the development of silver halide elements - Google Patents
Compositions and processes for the development of silver halide elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2674533A US2674533A US298179A US29817952A US2674533A US 2674533 A US2674533 A US 2674533A US 298179 A US298179 A US 298179A US 29817952 A US29817952 A US 29817952A US 2674533 A US2674533 A US 2674533A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silver halide
- processes
- development
- compositions
- benzene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
- G03C5/30—Developers
- G03C5/3014—Hydrazine; Hydroxylamine; Urea; Derivatives thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
- G03C5/30—Developers
Definitions
- the organic compound comprehended by the present invention as a silver halide developer is bis-benzene-sulfonyl hydrazide which may be synthesized according to the procedures disclosed in Ber. 27, 601, (1894) and Ber. 34, 3160 (1901).
- Bis-benzene-sulfonyl hydrazide is a compound having a melting point of 234 to 235 0., which precipicates as white needles and is insoluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol and soluble in alkali. It has the following chemical configuration:
- the developer composition is formed by first dissolving the sodium hydroxide in the water and then adding the bis-benzene-sulfonyl hydrazide to this basic solution.
- a developer composition so constituted fully develops a latent image formed in a fast negative film (Kodak Super XX Pan) and in an orthochromatic, low-speed, high contrast process film (Kodak CPO) in about ten seconds.
- the bis-benzene-sulfonyl hydrazid possesses excellent selectivity as a developer and the silver print produced by the developer has no tendency to stain by virtue of the residual reaction products of the development which may be contained therein.
- a black silver deposit is given by the development; and the print is relatively fog free.
- the novel developer composition hereinabove set out has incorporated therein as a further ingredient a silver halide solvent such as sodium thiosulfate. If the composition is to be applied to the emulsion by being spread thereon in a thin layer, it may also include a filmforming thickening agent such, for example, as the high molecular weight polymer, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
- an aqueous solution comprising an alkali, a silver halide solvent fixer and bis-benzene-sulfonyl hydrazide.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Description
Patented Apr. 6, 1954 COMPOSITIONS AND PROCESSES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SILVER HALIDE ELE MENTS Robert B. Woodward, Belmont, Mass., assignor to Polaroid Corporation, Cambridge, Mass, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application July 10, 1952, Serial No. 298,179 2 Claims. (01. 9588) 1 2 This invention relates to photography and Example more particularly to compositions and processes Sodium hydrox1de grams 5 for the develo ment h halide elements? of p otosensltwe sllver w gg-glenzene-sulfonyl hydrazide "dog?" It is one object of the present invention to provide processes and compositions for the development of silver halide emulsions in which the developing agent is an organic aromatic compound having oxidation products which produce no adverse staining effect upon the silver halide emulsion so developed. Specifically, the organic compound comprehended by the present invention as a silver halide developer is bis-benzene-sulfonyl hydrazide which may be synthesized according to the procedures disclosed in Ber. 27, 601, (1894) and Ber. 34, 3160 (1901). Bis-benzene-sulfonyl hydrazide is a compound having a melting point of 234 to 235 0., which precipicates as white needles and is insoluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol and soluble in alkali. It has the following chemical configuration:
It has been determined that bis-benzene-sulfonyl hydrazide is exceptionally efiective as a selective developer for silver halide emulsions especially as compared to the derivatives of hydrazine which have heretofore been proposed for use as developing agents and, as an organic aromatic developer, possesses the very significant property of given oxidation products which are relatively color free and have no appreciable adverse efiect upon the stability of the silver print, in which they are contained. As a result, this novel developing agent is especially useful in photographic processes which are intended to eliminate any washing or stabilizing operations in liquid baths subsequent to the formation of the silver print. Examples of such processes are disclosed in the copending application of Edwin H. Land, Serial No. 7,795, filed February 12, 1948, now Patent No. 2,647,056, for Photographic Process. The utility of the developer of the invention is, however, by no means limited to such processes and the developing agent may be satisfactorily employed in conventional multistage and multibath photographic processing procedures either in black-and-white or color photography.
One example of a novel developer composition formed in accordance with the present invention an set out by way of illustration only is the following:
The developer composition is formed by first dissolving the sodium hydroxide in the water and then adding the bis-benzene-sulfonyl hydrazide to this basic solution. A developer composition so constituted fully develops a latent image formed in a fast negative film (Kodak Super XX Pan) and in an orthochromatic, low-speed, high contrast process film (Kodak CPO) in about ten seconds.
The bis-benzene-sulfonyl hydrazid possesses excellent selectivity as a developer and the silver print produced by the developer has no tendency to stain by virtue of the residual reaction products of the development which may be contained therein. A black silver deposit is given by the development; and the print is relatively fog free.
As noted hereinabove, bis-benzene-sulfonyl hydrazide is especially useful in transfer processes of the type disclosed in the said application Serial No. 7,795 and in other processes in which the problem of a residual stain cannot be readily met by washing operations. When used for transfer purposes, the novel developer composition hereinabove set out has incorporated therein as a further ingredient a silver halide solvent such as sodium thiosulfate. If the composition is to be applied to the emulsion by being spread thereon in a thin layer, it may also include a filmforming thickening agent such, for example, as the high molecular weight polymer, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
Since certain changes may be made in the above product and process without departing from the scope of the invention herein involved, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a, limiting sense.
What is claimed is:
1. As a new developer composition for the formation of silver transfer prints, an aqueous solution comprising an alkali, a silver halide solvent fixer and bis-benzene-sulfonyl hydrazide.
2. The process of developing a, latent image in a silver halide emulsion which comprises treating said emulsion with an alkaline aqueous solution of bis-benzene-sulfonyl hydrazide.
References Cited in the file of this patent
Claims (1)
1. AS A NEW DEVELOPER COMPOSITION FOR THE FORMATION OF SILVER TRANSFER PRINTS, AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION COMPRISING AN ALKALI, A SILVER HALIDE SOLVENT FIXER AND BIS-BENZENE-SULFONYL HYDRAZIDE.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US298179A US2674533A (en) | 1952-07-10 | 1952-07-10 | Compositions and processes for the development of silver halide elements |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US298179A US2674533A (en) | 1952-07-10 | 1952-07-10 | Compositions and processes for the development of silver halide elements |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2674533A true US2674533A (en) | 1954-04-06 |
Family
ID=23149399
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US298179A Expired - Lifetime US2674533A (en) | 1952-07-10 | 1952-07-10 | Compositions and processes for the development of silver halide elements |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2674533A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3245789A (en) * | 1961-05-05 | 1966-04-12 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic products and processes |
-
1952
- 1952-07-10 US US298179A patent/US2674533A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3245789A (en) * | 1961-05-05 | 1966-04-12 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic products and processes |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2592368A (en) | Gelatine silver halide emulsion layer containing a dihydroxy diphenyl tanning developing agent | |
US3615440A (en) | Novel photographic compositions and processes | |
US3794488A (en) | Photosensitive and thermosensitive element,composition and process | |
US2495918A (en) | Poly-n-vinyl lactam photographic silver halide emulsions | |
US3751255A (en) | Photosensitive and thermosensitive element, composition and process | |
US2214446A (en) | Photographic development of silver halide layers | |
US3297445A (en) | Photographic inhibitor releasing developers | |
US3168400A (en) | Rapid processing of photographic color materials | |
US3466173A (en) | Silver halide element containing a developer and aromatic sulfinic acid stabilizers | |
US3372030A (en) | Method of shortening the processing time of color photography | |
US2674533A (en) | Compositions and processes for the development of silver halide elements | |
US2384593A (en) | Antifoggant | |
US2843481A (en) | Photographic processes | |
US3519428A (en) | Direct-positive light-sensitive photographic material | |
US2110491A (en) | Photographic emulsions | |
US2404774A (en) | Photographic developing process | |
US3392019A (en) | Viscous silver halide photographid monobath solutions | |
US3515556A (en) | Photographic developing process utilizing hemlock tannin polymer | |
US3276875A (en) | Developing composition with pyrrolidone anti-sludging agent | |
US3161513A (en) | Photographic developer compositions containing an antistain agent | |
US2939788A (en) | Novel photographic developers | |
US2147441A (en) | Photographic developer | |
US2685516A (en) | Photographic developer composition | |
US3161514A (en) | Nonstaining photographic developers | |
US3236642A (en) | Process for producing direct positives by the silver salt diffusion process |