US2673761A - Dishwashing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[Mawh 30, l954 J. F. R. KARLSTRM 2,673,761

DISHWASHING APPARATUS Filed April 10, 1947 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. Y /u f nw' BY 5mm J. F. R. KARLSTRM DIsHwAsHING APPARATUS March 3o, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 10, 1947 March 30, 1954 J. F. R. KARLsTRM 2,673,761

DISHWASHING APPARATUS Filed April 1,0. 1947 s sheets-sheet s .lll

Patented Mar. 30, 1954 DISHWASHIN G APPARATUS Johan Fredrik Robert Karlstrm, Stockholm, Sweden, assigner to Aktiebolaget Elektrolux, Stockholm, Sweden, a corporation of Sweden Application April 10, 1947, Serial No. 740,585

15 Claims. (Cl. 299-69) This invention relates to dish washing apparatus wherein dishes or the like are cleansed by means of one or more jets of liquid, the jets being directed towards movable `jet direction-changing means, hereinafter termed diverting means.

According to the present invention, in dish washing apparatus of the character described, jet producing means is provided comprising a nozzle adapted to discharge a jet of liquid and jet-diverting devices arranged so as to be impinged by the liquid jet discharged from said nozzle and movable transversely of the direction of the nozzle discharge.

Preferably the apparatus, according to the invention, includes a plurality of jet-diverting devices having different deflecting characteristics which move in succession transversely of the direction of the nozzle discharge.

The constructions above-mentioned provide the spraying with liquid of the articles being treated from a large number of points in the washing receptacle and further by diiierently directed jets from such points.

The spraying action is increased by making the nozzle opening or openings and the jet-diverting means movable and preferably rotatable, the relative movements being. preferably obtained by diierent directions of movement and/or by different angular velocities being imparted to the two members. Such relative movement may be simply produced by constructing and arranging the nozzle openings and the diverting members as to cause the member containing the openings and said diverting means to rotate in opposite directions due to the reactive and applied forces respectively of the jets.

The invention will beI` hereinafter more fully described with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings, vin which:

Fig. 1 shows a dish washing machine in transverse section fitted with spraying devices according to the invention at its base and on the cover;

Fig. 2 shows the same machine in horizontal section taken along the line II--II of Fig. l;

Fig. 3 shows a spraying device according to the invention partly in section along the line III- III of Fig. 4;

Fig. 4 shows the spraying device in plan;

Fig. 5 is a section alongft/he line V--V of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a section on an enlarged scale along the line VIu-VI of Fig. 4;V l.

Fig. 7 shows a modification of the detail shown in Fig. 6; Y

2 Fig. 8 shows diagrammatically the cooperation of a jet opening with the diverting means;

Fig. 9 shows a modied embodiment of the cen- `tral member of the spraying device having a speed regulating device built into said member, this figure being a section along the line IX-IX of Fig. 10;

Fig. 10 shows the same device in section along the line X-X of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a section along the line XI-XI of Fig. 12;

Fig. 12 shows the spraying device'from above l with a modified speed regulating device, one por tion of the former device being removed to show underlying parts;

Fig. 13 shows in plan view a further embodiment of the spraying device;

Fig. 14 shows the central member of the spraying device in a vertical section along the line XIV-XIV of Fig. 16;

Fig. 15 is a section along the line XV-XV of Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is a section along the line XVI- XVI of Fig. 14;

Fig. 17 shows a section through the jet head along the line XVII- XVII of Fig. 18; and

Fig. 18 shows the jet head from above, partly in section along the line XVIII-XVIII of Fig. 17.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, I 0 designates the casing of the dish washing receptacle having a base II and cover I2. In this embodiment a spraying device designated generally by I3 is located at the base of the receptacle and another on the cover I2. The spraying device is rotatably mounted on the base and cover respectively of the apparatus. Member I4 contains an inlet channel I5for the Washing water supplied through the v'conduits I 6, I'I and I8, which in known manner communicate witha main supply conduit or with a pump (not shown) for the machine. The'conduit I6 which supplies water to the cover spraying device, is in known manner formed with a hinge I9, so that the cover of the apparatus may be opened and closed in spite of the rigid conduit connected thereto.

The receptacle contains, between thetwo spraying devices, a wire base 20 and a frame 2| for the dishes or the like. An outlet conduit for the used washing liquid is shown at 22.

In the embodiments of the spraying device shown more in detail in Figs. 3-12, an S-shaped support 23 is mounted on the member I4 which is formed with agjournal 24 (Fig. 3) at its face directed inwardly 'of the receptacle. The device for changing thev direction of the jet, hereinafter termed diverting means is formed on the support 23. In the embodiments illustrated, such means consist of two series of grooves disposed on the two limbs of the support. In the center of and above the support is arranged a jet head 26, in which nozzles 21 cooperating with the diverting means 25 are provided. This jet head 26, which is of cylindrical shape, is 'rotatably mounted betweena guide washer 28 and a guide screw 29, the latter itself being also shaped as a guide washer.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 3 and 4 the two nozzles 27 open tangentially from 'a circular bore 30 formed in the jet head,v said bore communicating 'with the inlet channel l5 through a T-shaped channel 3l formed in the screw 29. The grooves 25 provided on the- S-shaped support 23 are directed so that the longitudinal axis of each groove, as seen 4in plan in Fig. 4, points towards the inner end of the axis of the nozzle.

.As the axis of each nozzle is tangential relatively to the bore 30 of the jet head 26, the axis 'of each groovewill also be tangential relatively to said bore, as illustrated by the dotted line 32 in Fig, 4.

In the arrangement of the grooves 25 illustrated in Fig, 6, the longitudinal axis ofl each groove lies in a vertical plane, while in the arrangement shown in Fig.' 7, the grooves 25 are inclined to the vertical. The grooves arranged on one half of the support 23 are inclined so as to direct the jets issuing from said grooves inwardly towards a plane passing'through thecaxis of rotation'parallel to the direction ofthe jet entering said grooves, while the grooves arranged -on the vother half of the; support are inclined so as to direct the jetissui'ng therefrom outwardly from said plane. Such a plane P, which passes :through the axis of rotation and is parallel to the direction of the jet 32issuing from'one of the nozzles 2'! at a particular instant, is indicated by a dotted line in Fig. 4. The grooves on one'- half of the support 23 are inclined so that the jets emerging from the grooves, at a particular instant like that indicated-in Fig. 4; are inclined in a direction toward the plane P; and the grooves on the other halfof the support are inclined so that the jets emerging'from the'grooves, at a particular instant likethatindicated in Fig. 4, are inclined in a direction from the; plane'P.-v

The result is that also in thosel positions of the jet head 2S wherein theet issuingfrom vthe noze zles 21 vis directed. parallelv to those surface-s of the dishes which are to be treated, for example, the two faces'of a number of plates stacked behind one another, these surfaces A will be impacted bythe jets deiiectediby the diverting means at an angle such 'that the cleansingeffect 'of .the vjets is eiiiciently utilizedif:

As shown in' Figs; 6 and?, the'jcrossisection of the grooves at their base is 'semi-circular vand their walls exten-d parallel' to one another,4 the wall spacing being accommodated to the dimensions of the nozzles 2l and the grooves also loeing shaped that the liquid will leave the groove in the form of a non-spreading jet, that is distinct from a spray. They are made so as to have the same radius of curvature in radial cross sec-` tion, as seen in Fig. 5, but comprise arcs of dif-` ferent length, as indicated in Figs. This is effected by forming the outlet edge, at the regions the jets emerge from the groove as an undulating line (Figs. 3, 6 and 7). j To obtain .further varie tions of the angle ofthe issuing jets the undulating lines of thetwo series of groovesarranged on the support are formed so as to be relatively displaced, so that any two grooves, symmetrically located relatively to the center of rotation, are of diiierent heights.

In the diagram of Fig. 8, the nozzle corresponds to the jet head with its jet openings 2 and the guiding means 25 shown correspond to imaginary j sections throughdiiferent grooves, one lbeing located atthe lowest point of the undulating line, another between the lowest and the highest point of the said line and the third at its highest point. As will be-seen, the lower portion of each groove is directed towards the incoming jets. The directions of the issuing jets, produced in the differentv cases of the selected example are also indicated, from which will be seen that due to the differing lengths o the arcs, the jets issue at different angles, some being diverted through more than I The device operatesin the following manner.

i If washing water is supplied to thechannel I5,

either froma water conduit or from a pump forming part of thedish washing apparatus, it flows through the channel 3l to the bore 30 and the nozzles 2. The jets issuing therefrom will `impact the grooves on the support, so that the latter, due to the applied pressure, isA caused vto rotate. Simultaneously, the jet head 25 will rotate in the opposite direction due to the reactive pressure. During rotation the jets issuing from the nozzles will successively hit the different grooves and will there be deected towards the dishes in different directions. Since the support with the grooves extending alongl the same, as shown in Fig. 2, stretches to the vicinity of the ywalls of the receptacle, the jets thus deiiectedv will also be directed towards the dishes from a large number of different points in the receptacle. It is clear that by providing a spraying device which is arranged centrally of the apparatus, the dishes will be sprayednot only with jets directed obliquely outwardly from thecenter, but also with jets directed obliquely inwardly from the outside, as indicated by the deected jets 32' ifi-Fig. 8. Figs. 9 and 10 show a further embodiment of jet head, modified for manufacturing production, which differs from the above described, mainly by being provided with a devicefor regulating the speed of rotation. v In this case'the rotating mem'- bergenerally designated bj1-25', and mounted between the guide washer 28 and the-guide screw 29', comprises two halves 4Q positioned relatively to each other by guide pins 4| and held together by screws 42. Between these two halves a centrifugal regulator, of known type, is arranged. It consists of two weights 43, mounted to pivot about the axes Hand counterbalanced by springs d5. .In .this constructiomthe two weights vs -and the Asprings. 45.. are. dimensioned. so that, lat the maximum allowed speed,l the weights swing outwardly and abut againsta stationary edge 46 of the guidescrew 29 and thus act as brake blocks. rEhe nozzle openings 2l formed in the halves in this case comprise separate nozzles 47 screwed into the dividing plane of the halves, `the said nozzles being in known manner formed so as to produce a non-spreading jet.

'Figs l-l and l2 show another modification of the spraying device which differs from those hereinbefore described by being provided with a hydraulic brake for regulating the speed 0f rotation. 'I he brake consists `of a. gear wheel pump of known type, the outlet of whichis throttled, as willbe explained presently. Thecentermember i4" is formed with a toothed rim 50, which co-v acts with two gear wheels 5I, mounted in a chamber 52, in the support 23" where they are retained by a cover 53. 'Ihe washing water is supplied to this pump from the washing receptacle through a channel 54 opening in the vicinity of the jet head and is discharged through leakages formed between the brake parts which inherently serves as a throttled outlet. Accordingly, by varying the extent and magnitude of such leakage which can take place, the braking action of the pump may be increased or decreased by variation of the resistance to flow of kthe water therethrough. In this. device, the

water itself serves as the braking medium.

In the embodiment shown in Figs. 13 to 18, the spraying device, as in the Aprevious figures is designated generally by I3 and the support by 23"', the latter being provided with three arms. The jet diverting grooves 25 of one of these arms extend vertically as shown in Fig. 6, the grooves 25 of another of the arms extend at an inclination as shown in Fig. 7 and the grooves 25' of the third arm are inclined in the opposite direction as above described in connection with Fig. 7. In the center of the support, the jet head 26" is mounted in the inlet channel I5 of the center member I4".

The jet head consists of two halves 60 and 6I which are held together by screws 62. In the dividing plane of the halves there are three channels 63 which communicate with the inlet channel l5. In the mouth of the channels 63 nozzles 41 are inserted, as in the embodiment shown in Figs, 9 and 10. A spindle 64 is fixed to .the upper half 6i) of the jet head and rigidly carries a ring 65 at its lower end. This ring 65 and a well formed in the lower jet head half 6| form together a bearing for the jet head in the inlet channel. This bearing is constructed so that the liquid pressure will not cause displacement of the jet head 25" since the pressure acting on the ring 65 is equal to the pressure on the lower jet head half 6| The spindle 64 is provided with a bore A$7 in order to drain any leakage water 4from the underside of the ring 65.

The lower half 6l of the jet head carries a gear wheel 58 cooperating with two gear wheels 69 mounted on a bracket 'l0 rigidly connected to the center member |4", to form a planetary gearing together with a ring gear H associated 4with `an hydraulic brake housing l2. The brake 4housing 'i2 is connected to the support 23' by means of screws 73 and takes part in the rotation of the support, so that the abovementioned gearing thus controls the relative movement ofl the support and the jet head. The main parts of the abovementioned brake comprise the brake housing 12, a blade holder 14, six blades 15 and a vcover 16. The inlet .of the brake consists of 'a' narrow channel i drilled obliquely in the upper side of the housing and communicating with the washing receptacle in the vicinity of the jet head.

The blade holder 'i4 is rigidly connected to the center member l4 by means of a projection 18 or the like. The blades which are guided radially by grooves 'i9 Vin the holder 'M are caused to abut permanently against the outer surface of the housing 'l2 by means of a cylindrical cam til formed on the cover 'i6 and concentric with the outer Wall surface of the housing.

If washing liquid is supplied to the channel l5 iit will ow to the nozzle openings 2l. The support 23' is thus caused to rotate in a clockwise directionand the jet head 26"' in counterclocl 4wise direction. Due .to the washing liquid nowing from the receptacle into the brake through the channel 1'! the brake will retard the rotation of the support and by means of the gearing also that of the jet head. As in the previously described embodiment of Figs. 11 and 12, leakage formed between the brake parts inherently function as a throttled outlet. Hence, the braking force is determined by the tightness of thehydraulic brake, so that the tighter the brake is, the slower is the rotation. A predetermined clearance is thus necessary between the blades l5 and the housing 'I2 of the brake according to the desired speed of rotation.

Although the invention has been fully described in connection with several illustrated embodiments, it is obvious that its application and its details may be varied. For example.' the jet head and/or the jet diverting devices may be positively driven from a separate driving motor, or one of them may be driven by the washing Water and the other by suitable gearing from the former, if desired, against the direction of the jet forces, so as to obtain an increased impinging force of the jet. If desired, the jet head and the spraying device may rotate in the same direction at different angular speeds. In the case of a positive drive the jet channels may be arranged radially in the jet head.

In view of the foregoing, it will now be understood that an improved dishwashing apparatus has been provided in which each rotatable jet head 26 in the embodiment of Figs. l to 6 constitutes a nozzle structure having an opening for discharging liquid therefrom in a horizontal plane. The S-shaped support 23 constitutes a liquid dei'iecting or diverting unit arranged to be acted upon by liquid issuing from the nozzle openings 21 for directing liquid toward diierent parts of a batch of dishes adapted to be washed in the receptacle lll.

In the preferred embodiments of the invention the nozzle structure 26 rotates in one direction by the reaction force developed by the discharged liquid and the liquid deleeting or diverting unit 23 rotates in the opposite direction by the impact for-ce of the discharged liquid acting thereon. Accordingly, an arrangement has been provided in which the nozzle structure 26 moves with respect to the liquid defiecting unit 23 and the liquid deecting unit moves with respect to the nozzle structure 25. Also, in the preferred embodiments the iixed or stationary axis about which the nozzle structure 26 rotates is parallel to and in the immediate Vicinity of the iixed or stationary axis of rotation of the liquid deecting unit 23; and each liquid deflecting unit ro,- tates in a horizontal plane which is substantially parallel to and in the immediate vicinity of the horizontal plane in which liquid is discharged from the nozzle structure 25.

Essentially, the rotatable liquid deectingunit 23 comprises the angularly movable arms which provide a surface that passes and moves through a given area during its rotation and difrerent groove portions 25 of which are operable in succession at different distances from the nozzle openings 2i and at different regions in such area to change the direction or" liquiddischarged from the nozzle openings in a multiplicity of directions at different acute angles to the horizontal plane in which liquid is discharged from the nozzle structure 2F, as diagrammatically seen in amar-er to. suchstarting` point during one revolution and the liquid deecting unit likewise moves in its path of movement from a starting point back to such starting point, liquid is deflected inthe general direction in which the axis of rotation of the nozzle structure 26 extends, the liquid being deflected from certain regions of the deflecting unit 23 in a radially inward direction and from other regions in a radially outward direction, as also diagrammatically seen. in Fig. 8.

During rotation of each nozzle structure 25, the openings 21 therein are constantly discharging liquid in diiierent radiallyv extending directions. The liquid deiiecting units. are formed with grooves to provide surface characteristics in which deected liquid leaves the deflecting units in the form of a compact liquid jet. As best seen in Fig. 4, axes of the liquid inflow ends of the grooves or passages 25 and the axes of the nozzle openings 2l' are substantially tangential to the same circle whose center is located at the axis of rotation of the nozzle structure 26.

It will now be understood that the liquid deflecting unit 23 constitutes a rotatable'liquid diverter having a body including a central hub section and arms 23 extending radially outward therefrom. Each arm 23 of the liquid diverter body includes a first region 25a having portions. as indicated at 25h, 25e and 25ct in Fig. 4, for example, at successively different radial distances from the axis of rotation of the diverter, which are initially impinged by liquid discharged from the openings 21 of the nozzle. Further, each arm 23 of the liquid diverter body includes a second region, indicated at' 25e in Fig. 4, to which liquid passes from the first region 25a and from which second region diverted liquid emerges and is directed. toward the dishes to be washed.' The second. region 25e of each arm 23 includes liquid emerging portions at successively different radial distances fromv the axis of rotation of the liquid diverter body which are respectively inclined radially outward from and radially inward toward the axis of rotation of the liquid diverter body.

While the grooves 25 essentially have the same radius of curvature, the lengths of different grooves vary, as best seen in Figs. 6 and 7, the lengths of the grooves extending through angles in a range which` varies from a value below to a value above 90. Further, the grooves 25 desirably are formed with semi-circular bottoms and substantially parallel walls. As described above in connection with the embodiments of Figs. ll and l2 and also Figs. 13 to 18, it is desirable to embody provisions to govern the'maximum speed of the liquid deflecting unit 23 so that the force of. the deflected liquid jets will, not be unduly impaired.

Although I have illustrated and described particular embodiments of my invention, I do not desire to be limited to the particular arrangements set forth, and I intend in the following claims to cover all modifications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of my invention.

I claim:

l. In dishwashing apparatus, jet producing means having a plurality of openings for discharging jets therefrom and movable by the reaction force developed by the jets, rotatable jet defiecting means for changing the direction of the jets comprising a body including a plurality of curved arms extending radially outward. from the axisabout which ity rotates, each of saidy arms having a series of grooves disposed alongside one Cil 8` another and shaped to. keep the. liquid' essentially in the form ofjets when leaving; the grooves in each series one. after another and while the direction of the jets is being changed by the latter, and said body being movable by the impact forces of the jets on said arms;

2. In dishwashing apparatus, jet producing means having an opening for dischargingv a jet therefrom and rotatable in one direction by the reaction force developed by the jet, rotatable jet deflecting means for changing the direction of the jet comprising a body including a member extending radially outward from the axis about which it rotates, saidmember` having a series of grooves disposed alongside one another and shaped to keep thev liquid essentially in the form of a jet when leaving the grooves in said series one after another andY while the direction of the jet is being changed by the grooves, and said body being rotatable in the opposite direction by the impact force of the jeton said member.

3. In dishwashing apparatus, structure including rotatable jet producing means having an opening for discharging a liquid jet therefrom and rotatable jet deecting means for changing the direction of the jet comprising a body including a member extending radially outward from the axis about which it rotates, said structure including provisions forv rotating said jet producing means with respect to said jet deflecting means and for rotating said jet deflecting means with respect to said jet producing means, and said member having a series of grooves disposed alongside one another and shaped to keep the liquid essentially in the form of a jet when leaving the grooves in said series one after another and while the direction of the jet is being changed by the grooves.

4. Apparatus as set forth in claim 3 in which said grooves are disposed on a side of said member facing dishes adapted to be washed. said grooves having different lengths and being curved to change the direction of the jet, the lengths of said grooves extending through angles in a range which varies from a value below toa value above 5. Apparatus as set forth in claim 3 in which said grooves have liquid inlet ends, the axis of the jet opening and axis of the inlet ends of said grooves being substantially tangent to the same circle whose center is located substantially at the axis of rotation of said jet producing means.

6. In dishwashing apparatus, structure comprising a rotatable nozzle having an opening for discharging liquid radially outward therefrom and a rotatable liquid. diverter, the axes of vrotation Vof said nozzle and said diverter being substantially the same, said structure including provisions for rotating said nozzle with respect to said diverter and for rotating said diverter with respect to said nozzle, said diverter comprising a body for directing liquid in a multiplicity of directions toward dishes adapted to be washed, said body including a rst region having portions at successively different radial distances from the axis of rotation of said diverter which are initially impinged by liquid discharged from said nozzle during rotation thereof, said body including a second region to which liquid passes from said first region and from which diverted liquid is directed toward the dishes to be washed, and said second region also having portions at. successively` different. radial distances from the. axis of rotation of lsaid diverter and including portions respectively inclined radially outward from and radially inward toward the axis of rotation of said diverter, said portions of said second region at successively different radial distances from thel axis of rotation of said diverter being inclined at different acute angles to such axis.

7. In dishwashing apparatus, rotatable jet producing means having an opening for discharging a liquid jet radially outward therefrom and movable in one direction by the reaction force developed by the jet, a rotatable liquid diverter movable in the opposite direction by the impact force of the jet acting thereon, the axes of rotation of said jet producing means and said diverter being substantially the same, said diverter comprising a body for directing liquid in a multiplicity of directions toward dishes adapted to be washed, said body including a first region having portions at successively different radial distances from the axis of rotation of said diverter which are initially impinged by the liquid jet discharged from said nozzle during rotation thereof, said body including a second region to which liquid passes from said first region and from which diverted liquid is directed toward the dishes to be washed, and said second region also having portions at successively different radial distances from the axis of rotation of said diverter and including portions inclined radially outward from the axis of rotation of said diverter and at an acute angle to such axis and also including portions inclined radially inward toward the axis of rotation of said diverter and at an acute angle to such axis.

8. Apparatus as set forth in claim 7 in which movement is imparted to said rotatable diverter by the impact force of the jet acting thereon, and structure operatively connected to said diverter for braking the movement imparted thereto by the jet.

9. In dishwashing apparatus, structure comprising a rotatable nozzle having an opening for discharging liquid radially outward therefrom and a rotatable liquid diverter, the axes of rotation of said nozzle and said diverter being substantially the saine, said structure including provisions for rotating said nozzle with respect to said diverter and for rotating said diverter with respect to said nozzle, said diverter comprising a body for directing liquid in a multiplicity of directions toward dishes adapted to be washed, said body including a rst region having portions at successively diierent radial distances from the axis of rotation of said diverter which are initially impinged by liquid discharged from said nozzle during rotation thereof, said body including a second region to Which liquid passes from said first region and from which diverted liquid is directed toward the dishes to be washed, and said second region having portions at successively different radial distances from the axis of rotation of said diverter and including portions inclined radially outward from the axis of rotation of said diverter and at an acute angle to such axis and also including portions inclined radially inward toward the axis of rotation of said diverter and at an acute angle to such axis.

i0. Apparatus as set forth in claim 9 in which said body includes a series of channels disposed alongside one another at successively different radial distances from the axis of rotation of said diverter, said channels having portions consti- 10 tuting the rst region of said body which are initially impinged by liquid discharged from said nozzle and also having portions constituting the second region or" said body from Which liquid is directed toward the dishes to be washed, the axis of the nozzle opening and axes of the portions of the channels initially impinged by liquid discharged from the nozzle being substantially tangent to the same circle whose center is located substantially at the axis of rotation of said nozzle.

11. Apparatus as set forth in claim 9 in which said nozzle comprises structure having a plurality of openings for discharging liquid radially outward therefrom in the form of jets and said diverter comprises a plurality of radially extending members, each of said members being acted upon by the liquid jet discharged from each nozzie opening and constituting a body for directing liquid in a multiplicity of directions toward the dishes to be Washed.

12. Apparatus as set forth in claim 9 in which said body includes a series of grooves disposed alongside one another at successively different radial distances from the axis of rotation of said diverter, said grooves having portions constituting the rst region of said body which are initially impinged by liquid discharged from said nozzle and also having portions constituting the second region of said body from which liquid is directed toward the dishes to be Washed.

13. Apparatus as set forth in claim 12 in which grooves in said series are curved in the direction of their length and have essentially the same radius of curvature and different arc lengths of which sonie are greater and some are less than 14. Apparatus as set forth in claim 13 in which the portions of said grooves constituting the second region of said body form an undulated line.

15. fn dishwashing apparatus, rotatable jet producing means having a plurality of openings for discharging liquid jets radially outward therefrom and movable in one direction by the reaction force developed by the jets, a rotatable liquid diverter movable in the opposite direction by the impact forces of the jets acting thereon, said diverter comprising a body for directing liquid in a multiplicity of directions toward dishes adapted to be washed, said body including a plurality of curved arms extending radially outward from the axis of rotation of said diverter, each arm having a series of open grooves alongside one another which face the dishes to be washed, said grooves having liquid receiving regions at successively different radial distances from the axis of rotation of said diverter which are initially impinged by the liquid jets during rotation of said jet producing means, and said grooves having liquid discharge regions to which liquid passes from said liquid receiving regions and from which the diverted liquid is discharged toward the dishes to be washed, the liquid discharge regions of said grooves being at successively different radial distances from the axis of rotation of said diverter and including liquid discharge regions inclined radially outward from the axis of rotation of said diverter and at an acute angle thereto and also including liquid discharge regions inclined radially inward toward the axis of rotation of said diverter and at an acute angle thereto, said grooves being shaped to discharge liquid therefrom in the form of jets.

JOHAN FREDRIK ROBERT KARLSTRM.

(References on following page) References VCited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Campbell Dec. 2, 1913 5 Zeyssoii Mar. 3, 1914 MacLachlan Sept. 18, 1923 Bassler Nov. 10, 1925 Gibney Aug. 2, 1927 Merseles Nov. 26, 1929 Pauly Oct. 25, 1932 Preston May 23, 1939 Number 2,195,615

Number 12 V Name Date Chamberlin Apr. 2, 1940 Preston Nov. 5, 1940 Strawn Dec. 24, 1940 Yocken Apr. 20, 1943 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain Mar. 19, 1925 Germany Oct. 22, 1932 Germany Mar. 1, 1939

Images