US2670014A

US2670014A - Photoelectric stop mechanism for looms

Info

Publication number: US2670014A
Application number: US184923A
Authority: US
Inventors: Robert B Hutchinson
Original assignee: ALEXANDER SMITH Inc
Current assignee: ALEXANDER SMITH Inc
Priority date: 1950-09-15
Filing date: 1950-09-15
Publication date: 1954-02-23
Anticipated expiration: 1971-02-23

Description

Feb- 23, 1954 R. B. HUTcHlNsoN 2,670,014

PHOTOELECTRIC STOP MECHANISM FOR LOOMS Filed Sept. l5, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 fff BY AWN/E Y Patented Feb. 23, 1954 @omreo .Joel-ICE emoroccooritllglmmlsmR "RoBertjBjLiutcISon, YonkrsgN: Y.,f3a'"ssignorito "AlexanderSmitlr;{ncorporated, Yonkers, N. Y.,

'zt-corporation foif New York l injury to the loom or tojthe shuttle should the shuttle deviate from' itsY normal vrate :or: path :of

' travel.

Another object is "toip'rovide, in thei'casejiof Axminster ilooms; mechanism 'for stopping "the loom in response `to anjov'erthrow fof the needle. Other objects Vand advantag'ehswill"beapparent vas the'nature uof 'the inventionr4 is :more fully: dis'- closed. 1 1 l The invention "will be r'better` unde'rsltcnddfby" referringto the following descriptionftaken'in tconnection withv thei "accompanyingMdrawings; in

' which l Ispecic embodimentsjthereof have --been set'forth for' purposes fofi'illus'tra-tion.

`Inthe drawings: l Y l y l y Fig. l is al transverse section oflailoorntaleni-on Fig. 3 is a's'chematic diagram of theiphotelctric control circuit; n n n Y* Fig. 4 is a Apartial "sidefelevationwoi .anvfAdiminsterneedle and associated-mechanisnd'embodying the present invention;- and Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showingitheiphor`toelectricic-ircuit involved inthefsystemiof Fig. 4.

"shown as applied `to*ai^1oomfof-y standard-.lconl*struction including a :reed"il Ulsupportedby aflay "I Iwhich extends l:across the lloom and carriesit-he reed, and areed cap lzfwhichcarriesthesiupper end of the reed and' is supported .fromfthelay I I byfbrackets LI 3 'of "standard-fconstruction: .The

lay I I is mounted forswinging-mavementionarms I5 which are journalledztoswing about afrroduIG.

"Tofone or morelof 'thenarms.lzisiattached a l'bracket I 1 which is =ffconnected:jby. i a `crank pin I 9 J carried on arcrankia'rm :2 Ilfwhfich Visfattached to a drivinglshaftZI :andgisfgarranged -to vreciproca-terme arm :I 5 1in.response-. to Irotar-y link ifs/.to

a raised portion 23 engaging a roller M-Which 50 'follows 'the contour; of. :the camz ;discl '2 hand is vcarried 4by* an arm -25ypivotedfto a .bracketfZ 6 aand carrying amovable contact'zflwellgagrlg agstationary .contact f28f exceptflwhenithe Vroller l:24 -rides over the raised1portiong23fof-rthe cam.

"AsjshownQnore ginjdetailinrligZ the lay con- 'stitutes'a'channel member/ havingja top' flange'3ll onwhichthe shuttle3l rides and which is adapted tto-,pass-'funderJa supporting bedg32 when the lay 5 is inaclvvamcedjposition.A kThe warpy 33 extends overfthefsupporting[bed332*anduforms a shedV 34 ithroughfwhilch thefshuttle 3 Il passes.

v 'jlnthe embodirnent-shown av light bulb Mi is ,mou'nt'ed on theiree'd cap-I 2 -directly'over thepath 10 Aof"thevf'Ls-h'uttle' 3I and-midway 'of its throw. g vA y/photoelectric-`cellf4I --is-f-'r`nountedyin the upper I"flange v3l)` of theflay-directly beneath the light AMl soasnorni-'ally'to r'eceiveithe rays ofthe light 40. *The celllIIi` is# m'ountedfush-Hwith the upper surta-ceo? the'f-flangelliso that -it does f not interffer'efwith thelnormfallithrowof -the shuttle. vA fbrush-lfis mountedfonigthe lower surface of the supporting bed-j `132 `in aposition to sweep over'the Acell 4I asatheilay is-returnedto its advanced positionfsoastofremove anyrlintor` dirt from the top surfacezofA the lay-whichwould'l interfere with the passagelof light-from the'bulb 40 to the cell 4 I.

vInithe circuit 'show'nfinfFig: `3 the photoelec- ,.-tric'celliM isfconnectedtothe'grid 45 of an amplirierrtubefiandvthroughahattery 41 tothe cathrode 48; of: thextube A6. The, tube isl rprovided with gan-.anode y:llilfwhichisrconnected through acoil 5l] of a relay 5I andcbatteryqzto the cathode '48.

A motorz5:'whichconstitutesathe driving motor of the loom-isfconnectedtoa-three ,phase line 56 ith-roughiaircuit ibreaker 4ii 1 which is controlled gloyvay solenoid58. f1 A D.. C. lineig is connected throughfcontacts toffbeclosedbv Varmsitl 0f the circuitybreaker yil to two sides ofthe three phase I. 1.. ne 1,56 avian-fthe.l motor., side yof the -circuit breaker. 3"."f1lhe circuitlorealzerY is. so *designed f that when the solenoid .58-;is deenergiz ed the-contacts of the three phase line ligaregopen andthelcontacts of the D. C. l ine 59;areclosed, vand whenthesole- .-noidfljsrenergizedfjthe,contacts of the D. C. line 40.1.2551 are opened'and the contactsof thev three phase yllineffnif.are;closed,-

- Onegsideyof;thesolenoid 5# is vconnected,through la battery'j2 anda line-@Sato acontact 64 to be V 'engaged/by an armaturej'l offthejrelay 5l. when loatheflattergis-deenergized .Thearmature 551s connected@ lmet-:66. to the other side of the esolenoid;` 8H. .het m-tactuatedcontact .21' is connectedptogthe liileli')VA andthe stationary con fftact. 28:` is connectedtotheline 66.

is. energized when the the shuttle 3| over the photocell 9|. Hence the contact 85 is normally held open, but is closed during the brief periods while the shuttle is over the photoelectric cell 4|.

The cam 22 which is driven by the main drive shaft 2| makes a complete revolution for each shuttle throw. Hence the cam may be synchronized with the normal movement of the shuttle over the lay and is so disposed on the shaft 2| that the raised portion 23 of the cam actuates the arm 25 so as to open the normally closed contact 21 at the instant that the shuttle in its normal movement would be over the photoelectric cell 4|.

In the normal operation of the loom the solenoid 58 is maintained energized by the normally closed contact 21 except during the periods when the shuttle should be passing over the cell 4| if it is operating normally. The contact 84 is normally open due to the action of the light rays on the cell 4|, but is allowed to close during the periods of actual shuttle passage over the cell 4|. Hence if the shuttle passes over the cell 4i at the predetermined times the solenoid 58 will be maintaind energized, and the loom will continue in operation. However, if during the period that the

contacts

21 and 28 are opened by the cam 22, the shuttle is not in a position to intercept the light rays to the cell 9|, both contacts 59 and f 21 will be open at the same time and the solenoid 58 will be de-energized, allowing the circuit breaker 51 to shift its position to open the three phase line 50 and close the D. C. line "59. The opening of the three phase line 58 removes the energizing force of the motor 55 and the closing of the D. C. line 59 places a D. C. voltage across one phase of the line 58 and serves to stop the motor 55 immediately without allowing the motor to drift to a stop due to the inertia of the parts. The result is to stop the loom instantly so that the stroke of the lay is not completed. It is then possible to remedy the defect which has produced the displacement in time of the shuttle before the weaving proceeds, thereby preventing damage to the shuttle or to the parts of the loom which might otherwise occur if the lay were allowed to complete its stroke. f While the photocell 11| has been shown a placed at the center of the shuttle path for purposes of illustration, it is to be understood that a plurality of such light cells may be used located at different points on the lay, each of which are connected in circuits similar to that of Fig. `3 and timed with the normal shuttle movement so that a displacement of the shuttle at any point of its travel from its normal rate of movement would stop the loom instantly. The same system may be applied to an Axrninster loom as indicated in Figs. i and 5, in which the Axminster needle 10 is reciprocated in the usual manner over a track 1|. In the embodiment shown a' shield 12 extends upwardly from the needle carriage 13 which rides on the track 1l and a pair of

light cells

15 and 18 are disposed in the path of the shield 12. In the embodiment shown the light cell 15 is assumed to be located at the center of travel of the needle and the light cell 15 is located just beyond the normal path of travel of the needle so that the light cell 19 is out 01T by the shield 12 only in the event of an overthrow of the needle. The needle is driven as in standard Axminster loom practice, the details of which are not included herein. In the circuit diagram of Fig. a driving motor 89 constitutes the driving motor for the needle carriage 4 13. This driving motor is supplied with three phase current from an A. C. line 8l controlled by a circuit breaker 82 and is adapted to be supplied With direct current from a line 03 which is also controlled by the circuit breaker 82, the control being similar to that shown in Fig. 3. The circuit breaker 82 is actuated by a solenoid 85 one side of which is connected through an armature 80, contact 81, line 88 to armature 89 of a relay 90 and to the cam actuated arm 9|. The other side of the solenoid 05 is connected by a lead 92 through battery 93, and lead 9d to stationary contact 95 engaging contact 90 on the cam actuated arm 9 I, and by a lead 96 to the contact 91 of the relay 90. The arm 9| is actuated by a cam 99 similar to the cam 22 above mentioned and driven from the main drive shaft |00 which is actuated by the motor 80. The relay 90 is provided with a coil |02 which is connected in series with a battery |03 between the cathode |04 and anode |05 of tube |06. The grid |01 of the tube |00 is connected through photoelectric cell 15a and battery |08 to the cathode |04.

The relay armature 86 is actuated by a relay coil ||0 which is connected through a battery between the cathode |12 and anode H3 of amplifier tube having a grid H5 connected through a photoelectric cell 18a and a battery H8 to the cathode H2. The photoelectric cells 15a and 10a are disposed to receive light from the

sources

15 and 16 respectively except when the light is intercepted by the shield 12.

In the operation of this system the motor continues to operate while the solenoid is energized. The solenoid 85 is maintained energized by the normally closed cam actuated contact 98 except when the cam 99 is in the position corresponding to the center position of the needle 10. When the needle is in this position however the light cell 15al is deenergized by the shield 12 passing through the light beam from the source 15 and deenergizes the winding |02 thereby releasing the relay and closing the contact 91. Hence the loom continues to operate as long as the needle is properly timed to cut off the light to the cell 15a at the instant that the contact 98' is opened by the cam 99. However, in the event that the needle is improperly timed, the

contacts

91 and 98 are both open at the same time and the solenoid 85 is deenergized and immediately stops the motor 80 as in the previous embodiment. l

In addition to the above, the contact 81 is normally held closed by energization of the photoelectric cell 16a. If however the needle should over-throw beyond its normal stroke, the light from the cell 16 would be out o by the shield 12, thereby deenergizing the photoelectric cell 180., deenergizing the relay coil H0 and opening the contact 81, thereby deenergizing the solenoid 35 and immediately stopping the loom in the manner above described.

It is to be understoodthat in this embodiment also a single photoelectric cell 15a has been shown at the center of the needle path. I-Iowever a plurality of such cells may be disposed along the path and provided with properly timed cams to stop the loom immediately in the event of any deviation of the needle from its proper timing.

Although speciiic embodiments have been shown for purposes of illustration it is to be understood that various changes and adaptations may be made therein as wil1 be readily apparent to a person skilled inthevart.-

gs ai otorf a I'point photoelectriciell'-to"-abtiiate said third switch means when the light on said cell is intercepted by""s"'a`d "carrier, "'and""a circii'it""bonnectingmsaid second and'Ithirdifswitchfmeans,. .actuate said trip-means to stop said-motor wheneversaid second andV third switchl'meanssare not operated Vin properA timed relationship.

`2. In a-.loom having a, driving motortand a yarn carrier actuated therebydna normal timedI vfsequencefan energizing circuit Afor saidfdriving motor, switch means normally connecting said energizing circuit to drive said motor, trip means to cause said switch means to disconnect said energizing circuit from said motor, a second switch means having normally closed contacts, means driven by said motor and synchronized with the normal carrier travel to open said contacts momentarily at a predetermined time in said travel, a third switch means having normally open contacts, a photoelectric cell disposed at a point in the path of said carrier corresponding to said predetermined time, a circuit connecting said photoelectric cell to close said last contacts momentarily lwhen the light on said cell is intercepted by said carrier, and a circuit connecting said second and third switch means to actuate said trip means to stop said motor whenever said contacts are open simultaneously.

3. In a loom having a driving motor and a yarn carrier actuated thereby in a normal timed sequence, an energizing circuit and a brake circuit for said driving motor, switch means normally connecting said energizing circuit to drive said motor, trip means to cause said switch means to disconnect said energizing circuit and connect said brake circuit to said motor, a second switch means, means driven by said motor and synchronized with the normal carrier travel to actuate said second switch means at a predetermined time in said travel, a third switch means, a photoelectric cell disposed at a point in the path of said carrier corresponding to said predetermined time, a circuit connecting said vphotoelectric cell to actuate said third switch means when the light on said cell is intercepted by said carrier, and a circuit connecting said second and third switch means to actuate said trip means to stop said motor whenever said second and third switch means are not operated in proper timed relationship.

4. In a loom having a driving motor and a reed and yarn carrier actuated thereby in a normal timed sequence, a driving circuit and a brake circuit for said driving motor, switch means normally connecting said driving circuit to drive said motor, trip means to cause said switch means to disconnect said driving circuit and to connect said brake lcircuit to said motor, a switch, cam means driven by said motor and synchronized with the normal carrier travel to actuate I'connestin'g saidiphotoelecticicell a"shuttle"disposedtopass-faltiiigSam ay Aksungmet-oractuating*said-ei r*said-'dri' "ing motor? switc t 'necting s'z'iid'l energizing circ 1' Etor;Htripiimeansetof cause is' ionship. y

. 'Ina-loont ilaydariyiiigrair ""df and --meansat a'predeterminedtime'in'saidtra l, a photoelectric"cell*disposed"at"a'gpin lay corresponding 'to-fisidipredeteiminea'fitime.

photoelectric cell to actuate said third switch means when the light on said cell is intercepted by said shuttle, and a circuit' connecting said second and third switch means to actuate said trip means to stop said motor whenever said last switch means is not actuated in proper timed relationship.

6. In a loom having a lay carrying a reed and a shuttle disposed to pass along said lay, a driving motor actuating said reed and shuttle in a normal timed sequence, an energizing circuit and a brake circuit for said driving motor, switch means normally connecting said energizing circuit to drive said motor, trip means to cause said switch means to disconnect said energizing circuit and to connect said brake circuit to said motor, a second switch means, means driven by said motor and synchronized with the normal shuttle travel to actuate said second switch means at a predetermined time in said travel, a photoelectric cell disposed at a point along said lay corresponding to said predetermined time, a third switch means, a circuit connecting said photoelectric cell to actuate said third switch means when the light on said cell is intercepted by said shuttle, and a circuit connecting said second and third switch means to actuate said trip means to stop said motor whenever said second and third switch means are not actuated in proper timed relationship.

'7. In a loom having a lay carrying a, reed and a shuttle disposed to pass along said lay, a driving motor actuating said reed and shuttle in a normal timed sequence, an energizing circuit and a brake circuit for said driving motor, switch means normally connecting said energizing circuit to drive said motor, trip means to cause said switch means to disconnect said energizing circuit and to connect said brake circuit to said motor, a second switch means having normally closed contacts, cam means driven by said motor and synchronized with the normal shuttle travel to open said contacts momentarily at a predetermined time in said travel, a photoelectric cell disposed at a point along said lay corresponding to said predetermined time, a third switch means having normally open contacts, a circuit connecting said photoelectric cell to close said last contacts. momentarily when the light on said cell is intercepted by said shuttle, and a, circuit con- I to disconnect said energizing circuit and to connect said brake circuit to said motor, a second switch means, cam means driven by said motor and synchronized with the normal needle carrier travel to actuate said second switch means at a, predetermined time in said travel, a photoelectric cell disposed at a point in the path of said carrier corresponding to said predetermined time, a third switch means, a circuit, connecting said photoelectric cell to actuate said third switch means when the light on said cell is intercepted by said needle carrier, and a circuit connecting said second and third switch means to actuate said trip means to stop said motor whenever said second and third switch means are not actuated in proper ltimed relationship.

9. In an Axminster loom as claimed in claim 8 a second photoelectric cell disposed at a point beyond the normal needle path such that the light thereon is intercepted when the needle is in overthrow position and a circuit connecting said last photoelectric cell to actuate said trip means to stop said motor when the light on said second photoelectric cell is so intercepted.

10. In a loom having a lay and a bed under which the lay passes at the forward end of its stroke, a photoelectric cell disposed in the top surface of said lay and a brush attached to said bed in a position to sweep over said cell as the lay passes thereunder.

ROBERT B. H'UTCHINSON.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,651,148 Nix et al. Nov. 29, 1927 2,026,147 Turner Dec. 31, 1935 2,279,675 Gutman Apr. 14, 1942 2,442,178 Robb May 25, 1948 2,480,690 Ancet Aug. 30, 1949