US2666574A - Calculating machine having true - Google Patents

Description

Jan; 19, 1954 c. H. CARLSON ET AL 2,666,574

CALCULATING MACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE TOTALS MECHANISM Filed June 29, 1950 14 Sheets-Sheet l CARL H. CARLSON NELSON R. FRIEBERG 8 OSCAR F. LARSEN INVENTORS THEIR ATTORNEYS 1954 c. H. CARLSON ET AL '2',666,574

CALCULATING MACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE TOTALS MECHANISM Filed June 29, 1950 14 Sheets-Sheet 2 mm N wnm LEA R L HF. n w NC E, m C fi mm N9 wm N 8 S 5 mm. 3 g Q 5 N2 8 on. o m 8. T t. ow. mm ON wm mm. mom oo 5. N9 mm m .5 m w mm NE a 0mm om .M m 3 68 an mm 8 Km 2% mm on g BY INVENTORS mwm THEIR ATTORNEYS V Jan. 19, 1954 c. H. CARLSON ETAL CA'LCULATINGMACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE 2 TO T AL S MECHANISM 14 sheets sheet 3 Filed June 29, 1950 8m $5 $9 mm am 0% CARL H. CARLSON NELSON R. FRIEBERG 8 OSCAR F. LARSEN INVENTORS THEIR ATTORNEY-S 2,666,574 CALCULATING MACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE TOTALS MECHANISM Filed Jun 29, 1950 c. H. CARL'SON ET AL Jan. 19, 1954 14 Sheets-Sheet 4 IEBERG 8 OSCAR F. LARSEN INVENTORS Y M CARL H. cARLsoN NELSON R. FR

3 a n? w E THEIR ATTORNEYS 1954 c. H. CARLSON ETAL 2,666,574

CALCULATING MACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE TOTALS MECHANISM Filed June 29, 1950 14 Sheets-Sheet e FIG.8

CARL H.CARLSON NELSON R. FRIEBERG 8| OSCAR F. LARSEN INVENTORS THEIR ATTORNEYS 19154 c. H. CARLSON ETAL CALCULATING MACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE TOTALS MECHANISM Filed June 29, 1950 14 Sheets-Sheet 7 wow wow mmm mmm N mu wm F MR. H.W% mm mm m8 8m 5 m M mom o 3N m mwm w 55 INVENTORS THEIR ATTORNEYS 1954 c. H. CARLSON ET AL 2,666,574

CALCULATING MACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE TOTALS MECHANISM Filed June 29, 1950 14 Sheets-Sheet 8 CARL H. CARLSON 384 NELSON R. FRIEBERG a OSCAR F. LARSEN BY INVENTORS 583 W da THEIR ATTORNEYS 1954 c. H. CARLSON ET AL 2,666,574

CALCULATING MACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE TOTALS MECHANISM Filed June 29, 1950 14 Sheets-Sheet 9 CARL H. CARLSON NELSON R. FRIEBERQ 8x OSCAR F. LARSEN INVENTORS THEIR ATTORNEYS Jan. 19, 1954 c. H. CARLSON ET AL 2,666,574

CALCULATING MACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE TOTALS MECHANISM Filed June 29, 1950 14 Sheets-Sheet 10 FIG. 37

FIG. 36 g UUHUUUU FIG. 39

32% FIG. 25

CARL H. CARLSON NELSON R. FRIEBERG 8 OSCAR F. LARSEN VENTORS THEIR ATTORNEYS 1954 0.14. CARLSON ET AL ,666, 7

CALCULATING MACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE TOTALS MECHANISM Filed June 29, 1950 14 Sheets-Sheet 11 FIG. 27

CARL H.CARL.SON

NELSON R. FRIEBERG 8 OSCAR F. LARSEN INVENTORS THEIR ATTORNEYS 19, 1954 c. H. CARLSON ETAL 6,

CALCULATING MACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE TOTALS MECHANISM Filed June 29, 1950 14 Sheets-Sheet 12 w 27-\[ FIG. 30 K 2 5 CARL H CARLSON J l 446 NELSON R. FRIEBERG 5 442 a OSCAR F. LARSEN INVENTORS THEIR ATTORNEYS Jan. 19, 1954 FIG. 4|

CALCULATING MACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE TOTALS MECHANISM Filed June 29, 1950 14 Sheets-Sheet 13 CARL H. CARLSON NELSON R. FRIEBERG '8 OSCAR F. LARSEN INVENTORS swrg jjggi THEIR ATTORNEYS Jan. 19, 1954 c. H. CARLSON ET AL CALCULATING MACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE TOTALS MECHANISM Filed June 29, 1950 14 Sheets-Sheet 14 LJLJLJU LILI l-l CARL H. CARLSON NELSON R. FRIEBERG 8 OSCAR F. LARSEN INVENTORS THEIR ATTORNEYS Patented Jan. 19, 1954 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE CALCULATING MACHINE HAVING TRUE NEGATIVE TOTALS MECHANISM poration of Maryland Application June 29, 1950, Serial No. 171,118

11 Claims.

This invention relates to a calculating machine and more particularly pertains to a full-keyboard machine capable of receiving items additively or subtractively, with provision for printing such items and true positive or negative totals or subtotals.

The machine is fully automatic in that a total key is provided which, when operated, causes the true total to be printed without any other action being required of the operator, whether the total be positive or negative. The same is true of a sub-total key which only has to be operated to cause the true sub-total to be printed, be it positive or negative.

The machine subtracts directly through the operation of digit-key-controlled differential racks on totalizer element pinions, the racks being engaged directly with the pinions on add operations and engaged with the pinions through intermediate or idler pinions on subtract operations.

The differential mechanism includes stop bars, differential racks, and printer setting mechanism of the basic construction shown in the Heber C. Peters United States Patent No. 1,386,021.

The transfer mechanism is a novel modified form of that shown in the above-mentioned Peters patent, being adapted for subtract operations. I

The digit keyboard is substantially like that disclosed in the Charles Schroder United States Patent No. 2,062,731.

Among the novel features of the invention is a totalizer having denominational pinions mounted in a laterally shiftable frame, idler pinions in mesh therewith, and a transfer pawl on each pinion, said pawls each having an add tooth side-spaced from a subtract tooth, the frame being shifted one way on add operations for direct engagement of the pinions with differential racks and being shifted the other way on subtract operations for engagement of the idler pinions with the racks.

Another novel feature is the provision of transfer levers of novel offset construction designed to cooperate with the transfer pawls whether the totalizer is in add position or shifted to subtract position.

A further object of the invention is to provide novel fugitive one mechanism cooperable with the shifting totalizer and transfer pawl of the totalizer pinion of the highest denominational order.

A still further object of the invention is to provide control mechanism for permitting the entry of the fugitive one only when the sign of the total changes and not when the capacity of the totalizer is exceeded in a positive or negative sense.

Novel mechanism also is provided for automatically controlling the taking of a total directly from the totalizer pinions when the total is positive and from the idler pinions when the total is negative.

Novel subtract control means is provided to shift the totalizer to subtract position when the machine is operated by the subtract key, and to shift the totalizer back to add postion on the next machine entry operation that is not a subtract operation.

With these and incidental objects in view, the invention includes certain novel features of construction and combinations of parts, a preferred form of embodiment of which is hereinafter de scribed with reference to the drawings which accompany and form a part of this specification.

Of the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the machine with the casing on;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section, through a typical denominational order of the machine, from front to rear, showing the digit keyboard and the differential, totalizer, and printing mechanisms;

Fig. 3 is a view of the right side frame and the control mechanism on the outside thereof;

Fig. 4 shows more of the right side control mechanism, most of which is on the inside of the right side frame;

Fig. 5 is a view of the left side frame of the machine showing, especially, the motor drive, totalizer shifting, fugitive one control and the paper feed mechanisms;

Fig. 6 is a view of the control key bank secured to the right inside wall of the casing as viewed from the inside;

Fig. '7 is a top plan view of the machine tripping linkage across the under side of the machine;

Fig. 8 is a view of the right side mechanism for giving the platen an extra paper feeding movement on total-taking operations;

Fig. 9 shows the mechanism for holding the differential racks from movement during the first cycle of a total-taking operation;

Figs. 10 and 11 show the anti-rebound mechanism of a typical differential rack;

Fig. 12 is a plan view of the totalizer wheels and frame, and their relation to the differential racks; I

Figs. 13 and 14 show, respectively, the subtracting and adding positions of the totalizer elements of a typical denominational order with respect to the associated differential racks and transfer levers;

Fig. 15 is a right endview of the mechanism by which the totalizer wheels are held immobile while out of mesh with the differential racks;

Figs. 16 and 17 show part of the ribbon-shifting mechanism as viewed from the right side;

Fig. 18 shows the train of mechanism for causing a subtract operation;

Fig. 19 is a detail of the fugitive one entry control. mechanism after a subtract operation and just prior to the totalizer passing from a positive condition to a negative condition;

Fig. 20 shows the substance of Fig. 19 with an added showing of the indicator drum and the to talizer add and subtract pinions. and with the fugitive one control mechanism as it is afte an addition has been made to a positive total;

Fig. 21 shows a typical totalizer wheel with pinion and, transfer pawl, teeth;

Fig. 22 shows the substance of 15% when a negative total has been taken from the totalizer;

Fig. shows a partly exploded view of the mechanism by which the selective shifting of the totalizer is effected in total-taking operations under control of the negative or positive condition of the totalizer;

Fig. 24 is a broken and partly exploded view of a typical differential rack and the means for entering the fugitive one in the units order under control of the highest order transfer latch;

Fig. 2-5 is a diagrammatic showing of the zero printing control. mechanism;

Fig. 26 is a diagrammatic showing of the relative position of the transfer pawl teeth, number drum, sight aperture, and transfer lever associated with the totalizer pinion of a typical. denominational order;

Fig. 2'? is a view of part of the totalizer engaging mechanism and the associated totaltaking controls therefor, as seen from the right;

Fig. 28 shows the sub-total key mechanism and its relation to the substance of Fig. 27;

Fig. 29 shows part of the mechanism of Fig. 28 at the middle of the second cycle of a tub-total operation;

Fig. 30 is a view of the add and total control keys with relation to the machine release mechanism;

Fig. 31 is a view of the non-add operation control mechanism;

Fig. 32 shows the mechanism for setting the symbol printing type bar in accordance with the type of machine operation;

Fig. 33 is a detail of the ribbon frame and the linkage whereby its movement in negative entry operations or negative total operations controls the symbol-printing type bar position;

Fig. 34 shows the substance of Fig. 33 moved from a positive position to a negative position;

Fig. 35 is a detail of a portion of the substance of Fig. 32 positioned in sub-total operations;

Fig. 36 shows the mechanism for controlling the symbol-printing type bar hammer;

Fig. 3'7 is a portion of the substance of Fig. 36 in moved position during a total-taking opera tion;

Fig. 38 is a detail of the setting mechanism of Fig. 37 at the end of a total-taking operation;

Fig. 39 is a detail view of how the symbolprinting hammer latch mechanism is coupled to the units order printing hammer latch;

Fig. 40 is an exploded view of the latch mechanism for controlling the tripping of the machine on non-add operations and for controlling the two machine cycles of total and sub-total operations; and.

Fig. 41 is a top plan view of the printer and adjoining portions of the machine, with certain parts omitted.

General description The machine is housed in a casing 225 (Fig. 1) having a viewing aperture 2i covered by glass through which number wheels attached to the totalizer pinions may be seen. There are ten denominational orders of digit-representing keys 22 projecting through a dust plate '23 in the casing. Items to be added or subtracted are set up on a keyboard and the machine is set in operation by pressing the add control key 24, if an add operation is desired, or by pressing the subtract control key 25, if a subtract operation is desired. Totals are taken by depression of total control key 21. If a sub-total operation is desired lrey 26 is depressed. Key 213 is a non-add control, depression of which causes the printing of any number set up on the keyboard. but does not enter it into the totalizer. Key 23 is a correction" control used to release any depressed digit keys. A set of type bars 35 prints items, totals and symbols on a tape 3i held in a paper carriage 32. Lever 33 is adjusted to single-space, double space or total-space position to control the extent of paper feed.

Machine drive The machine drive, including the motor, motor switch, tripping mechanism and single revolution clutch mechanism is substantially the same as that disclosed in United States Patent No. 2,428,084 which issued. on the application of Harry L. Lambert.

The motor starting switch tripping mechanism is not shown in full detail herein, but sufficient is given for an understanding of the invention. For further details reference may be had to the Lambert patent.

The machine is driven through one cycle of operation on add or subtract operations and through two cycles of operation on total taking or sub-total taking operations. One cycle consists of the rocking of shaft 55 (Fig. 5) first clockwise then counter-clockwise by motor 35. In two cycle operations the motor switch kept closed during the reset movement of the motor switch controls at the end of the first cycle, as will be explained.

When the motor switch is tripped it is accom panied by the counter-clockwise turning of shaft 35, and three-armed lever 3'! secured thereto, through the action of spring 38 anchored to the W lever 31 by stud 44 and to the machine framework by stud 39 on plate 40 secured to left vertical side frame plate 12 by screws 41, 42 and 43. The relatching of the motor switch must be against the shaft 45 counter-clockwise through reduction gearing. Shaft 45 has a notched drive wheel 45a secured thereto behind crank plate 46 loosely mounted on the shaft. Drive pawl 41 pivoted on plate 45 by stud 48 is urged in an engaging direction toward the notched drive wheel by spring 49 anchored to the pawl and to stud 56 on plate 46 but is disengaged therefrom when the machine comes to rest by reason of stud 64 hearing against surface 63 on the rearwardly extending arm of pawl 47. However, as soon as lever 3'! rocks counter-clockwise and the motor starts, pawl H is released and engages the notched drive wheel 45a, rotating crank plate 45 counter-clockwise. Shaft 55 has loosely mounted thereon a crank 54 connected to plate 4% by stud 5!, connecting link 52 and stud 53. Crank 54 is coupled to the main drive shaft 55 by a yielding driving connection including lever 56, pivoted on stud 53, and a roller 51' mounted on the outer end of the lever. The roller is urged by a strong spring 553 into a notch 59 in the edge of a plate 69 secured to shaft 55. Spring 58 is strong enough to hold roller 5'! in the notch to form a driving connection between crank 54 and shaft 55 during all normal operations of the machine. The driving connection will yield, however, to any overload placed on the main drive shaft. As crank lever 66 is about to complete a rotation, a cam arm 61 secured thereto strikes roller stud 62 on lever 31 rocking it clockwise to normal position in which position it is latched in single cycle operations. As crank lever 46 nears home position pawl 4! is rocked clockwise on stud th as surface 63 strikes stud 64. On two cycle operations lever 31 is not latched in normal position at the end of one cycle as it is knocked clockwise by arm 5! but immediately re turns to its counter-clockwise position before it has a chance to disengage pawl 47. On two cycle operations the lever 3'! is latched in normal position after two cycles of operation. Whenever lever 31 moves to and is latched in normal position the motor switch contacts are opened permitting the rotor thereof to coast to a stop disconnected from I crank lever 26.

Fig. '7, in part, shows the control linkage by which lever 31 is unlatched and held unlatched for one or two machine cycles under control of mechanism on the right side of the machine. Lever 632a pivoted on vertical stud 83a on a frame member on the under side of the machine engages unlatching member 6% when lever 62a is rocked counter-clockwise sli htly through movement of link 85 in the direction of the arrow. That movement of link 65 is brought about through a pivot connection 64 to the bent-over end 66 of one arm 5'! (Fig. 3) of a bell crank lever 58 pivotally mounted on screw stud 69 mounted in a boss 1011 (Fig. 4) extending outwardly from the right side vertical frame plate H3 of the machine. Rocking crank lever 68 slightly clockwise from the norm-a1 position shown in Fig. 3, against the counterurge of spring l I will set the machine to cycling and it will continue to do so until crank lever 68 is returned to normal position.

On add operations lever N33 is rocked down and stud i 66 in turn rocks bell crank lever l8? mounted on stud 493 clockwise carrying with it lever 88 to which it is coupled by spring H38.

Referring again to Fig. 3, the drive shaft 55 extends across the rear end of the machine and in one machine cycle rocks first counter-clockwise and then clockwise to actuate the differential, control mechanism and printer.

The dz'fierential Secured between the front end of the right vertical side plate l0 (Figs. 3 and i) and front end of the left vertical side frame plate iii (Figs. 2 and 5) is a slotted plate or comb 13 (Figs. 2 and 5) in which the front ends of a series of denominational order stop bars are guided and supported for sliding motion. There is one stop bar for each denominational order. As the stop bars of all orders are constructed the same, a typical order only is shown in Fig. 2, as an example. Stop bar N is pivoted at the rear end by stud T5 to the upper extending arm of a threearmed diverging lever 16 pivotally mounted on shaft ll, and is normally urged forwardly by spring 18 stretched between a stud it and comb 13. The stop bar normally is held against forward movement by a bail 86, extending across the front of all the diverging levers and held be tween two arms pinned to shaft T5. The right arm 8| (Fig. 4) has a downwardly extending arm pivoted to a link 82 having rotatabiy mounted thereon a roller 83 which is held in engagement with the edge of a cam B l pinned to drive shaft 55. The rear end of link 82 has a forked end 85 which embraces and rides shaft 55 for support. As shaft 55 rocks counter-clockwise shaft ll will do likewise causing a forward and downward movement of bail by reason of the urge given by the springs, like spring 18 (Fig. 2), urging the stop bars forward. On return movement of the bail 86, on the clockwise movement of shaft 55, the stop bars will be returned to the rest position of Fig. 2. A rearwardly extending arm of lever 16 is pivoted to one arm of a U- shaped adjusting link 85 the other arm of which is pivoted on a stud B7 of a printer arm where it is retained by a spring clip 393. Printer bar 88 is adjusted vertically in slotted guides at and 9| with respect to the paper platen 92, shown diagrammatically, according to the selective positioning of three-armed diverging lever Te under control of the digit keys to he described. Printer bar 88 has at the top end ten vertically spaced type 93 movable, individually, in a case 94, from the shown position toward the paper platen. The type are urged to the retracted position, shown, by springs within case as and the particular type at printing position is hit by printing hammer 95 when released from the cocked position, at printing time, by the tripping of a latch 95a. When a type bar is selectively raised to printing position an interponent Q5 rocks counter-clockwise on bail S'i under urge of spring 980. Bail 9? is secured between arm 93 pivoted on shaft 99 and another arm like 98 also pivoted on shaft 99. Bail 91 extends across the printer. Cam lever IUD on shaft 55 is rocked counter-clockwise and then clockwise during a machine operation and stud it?! thereon strikes the tail I82 on arm 93 rocking the bail and interponent toward latch 95w which is unlatched at mid-cycle, if the type bar 86 has been moved from home position, causing the printing hammer 95 to hit the type at the printing position. The described printing mechanism is duplicated in each denominational order except that the iearwardly extending arms of the three-armed diverging levers like lever Iii, in order to con nect to the associated type bars, which are crowded together as shown in Fig. 1 instead of being in line with the respective keybank denominations, are bent according to the relative 'lateral position between a stop bar and its associated type bar.

Means, to be described, is provided for printing zeros, to the right of the first significant digit in those columns in which a digit key has not been depressed, and to print zeros in the units and tens orders on total-taking operations when the totalizer is clear at that time.

The printing mechanism so far described is old, being described in the Peters United States Patent 1,386,021 to which attention has been directed. The rear lower end of each type bar has a series of notches I adapted to be engaged by a bail I21, on total-taking operations after printing and before disengagement of the totalizer from the diiierential, to prevent slam-- ming of the differential to full operated condition. As such mechanism does not constitute a part of the invention the operating and timing mechanism for this bail has not been shown.

A forwardly projecting arm I22 of diverging lever I6 has mounted thereon an. alining rack I23 the ten teeth of which pass in front of an alining bail I2 l, serving all denominational orders, which is rocked toward the rack I23 during the middle part of the machine cycle during totalizer engaging time to hold the lever It rigidly in set position. Alining bail IN is held in a rockable frame including two side arms, the left one of which I25 is shown, and a bail sup-port rod I25 connecting said side arms. The side arms are pivotally mounted on studs mounted on the inside of the vertical side plates it and I2. The alining bar assembly is rocked by cam Ifil'ia secured on cross .shaft I36 journaled in side plates It and i2 and rocked counter-clockwise and then clockwise by drive shaft 55 (Fig. 3) through plate ISI, pivot I32, link 533, pivot 234 and plate I35 pinned thereto. -Etetiu'ning to Fig. 2, scissor arms I 36 and it? pivotaliy mounted on cross bar I26 have studs itli and I39, respectively, which are kept in contact with th edge of cam IZfia by spring Hit. The alining bar is set into scissor arm I35 which, when rocked, rocks the alining bar assembly. Cam I2Iia is so formed as to bring the alining bar into the rack shirtly before mid-cycle. As the totalizer comes into engagement with the differential racks on the diverging levers, to be described, just before mid-cycle in item entering operations, the alining bar holds the racks in perfect adjustment insuring proper meshing of the teeth.

On the side of stop "id is an adjustable stop plate Iti the forward nd of which strikes comb to limit the forward movement of the stop bar. Referring to Fig. 9, stop plate I li is engaged by bail 542, during the first cycle of total-taking operations, to hold the diiferential from movement, as will be described later.

Referring to Figs. 10 and 11, there is a plate I43, secured to the stop bar i i, the lower edge of which has teeth I44 adapted to be engaged by pawl M5 which is raised thereagainst during the forward movement of the rack to prevent any rebound of the rack when it is suddenly halted by a key. Pawl I45 is rotatably mounted on shaft I46 extending between the vertical side frame plates and is held in a slot in a comb-like bail I4I extending across the machine. Bail I41 has two rearwardly extending arms between which is mounted a rod M8 to which is anchored a spring I49 whose other end is secured to a rearwardly extending arm of pawl I45. Thus the pawl and hail move together except that the pawl may rock counter-clockwise against the urge of spring I49. The assembly of pawl I45 and ball I41 normally is in the position shownin Fig. 11,

as urged by spring I50 secured to the base of the machine. Pivoted to arm I5I of the ball is a link I52 having at its rear end an elongated slot through which passes a rod I53 extending from the left side plate I2. Pivoted to side plate I2 is a bell crank lever I54 having an offset in its upwardly extending arm I55 which is held against the upper edge of link I52 by spring I56. Movement of link I52 rearwardly allows the offset of arm I55 to drop into a locking notch which holds the link in rearward position until bell crank IE4 is rocked counter-clockwise. Pinned to rock shaft I30 is a lever I5'I having a normal position as shown in Fig. 11 and a moved position, as shown in Fig. 10, at mid-cycle. As shaft I30 rocks counter-clockwise during the first half of a machine cycle it strikes studs I53 moving link I52 rearwardly where it is latched by bell crank I54 at mid-cycle, holding pawl I45 out of contact with stop bar I4 so the stop bar may return to home position. During the first half cycle of machine operation pawl I45 has been clicking over teeth I44 to prevent a possible rebound of the stop bar. As lever I5? moves clockwise during the last half of the machine cycle it approaches and finally strikes stud I38 on bell crank lever I54, rocking it counter-clockwise, unlatching link I52 so it is returned to the position of Fig. 11. All the stop bars are controlled by the bail It! and associated mechanism.

The digit keyboard The keyboard in which the digit keys for controlling the movement of the differentials are mounted has a main frame including a top plate I155 (Fig. 2), a bottom plate IIB, a left side plate I71, and a right side plate I18 (see Fig. 5)

A typical denominational keybank column is shown in Fig. 2. The keys I have key stems slidably mounted in alined slots cut in the top and bottom plates and are normally held up in effective position by springs such as spring I79. Any depressed key has its key stem projecting below bottom plate I16 and is adapted to be struck by an associated one of teeth on stop bar W as it moves forward on the first half of an entry machine cycle. The extent of movement of stop bar I4 is proportional to the digit value of the key depressed. Each keybank has a zero stop bail I82 and a latching bail I8I. When a key in the bank is depressed bail I82 is rocked to move a zero stop member I83 from a position in which it blocks any significant movement of the stop bar except that sufilcient to move the type bar to zero printing position. Bail IBI latches any depressed key in depressed condition until unlatched by a. rocking of bail I8! by depression of another key in the bank or by rocking of the key release bail list as stud I85 (Figs. 3 4) is struck downwardly by by-pass pawl (Fig. 3). By-pass pawl IE5 is pivoted on lever I87 which is rocked clockwise on pivot 232, during the first half of a machine cycle, when pawl I86 by-passes stud I85, and counter-clockwise, during the second half of a machine cycle, when. pawl I86 knocks stud I85 downwardly releasing the keys. Spring I88a normally urges lever it? clock- I wise and its rocking excursion clockwise from the home position is permitted when roller stud I89 is moved from under its rearwardly and downwardly extending leg 595i. Stud I89 is on plate I35, before described, and rocks back to home position, shown, at the end of a machine cycle at which time the keys are released, except on repeat operations wherein repeat lever I Si is rocked clockwise. In the normal position of repeat lever I9I stud I92 on lever 18'! is free to move upwardly into notch I93 in lever I9I thus giving said lever I81 sufiicient movement so by-pass pawl I86 passes stud I95. If lever I9! is rocked clockwise stud I94 on retaining pawl I95 normally in engagement in a front notch of lever I9I engages the rear notch I93 thereof, at which position edge I96 of lever i9! blocks movement of stud I92 and consequently the key release actuating lever I8! is not rocked by spring 188a. A locking bar I98 extends across the rear ends of all the keybanks and is resiliently urged toward the right such movement locking the digit keys from movement whether in depressed position or not, and such outward movement occurs when the tail I99 on key release actuating lever It! moves from home position at the beginning of a machine operation. Return movement of lever It? at the end of a machine operation forces locking bar I93 to inward position to permit selective depression of the digit keys for the next operation. In repeat operations there is sufficient clearance between edge I99 of lever I Bland stud I92 to permit lever I81 to rock clockwise a sufficient amount to lock the keys. To insure key locking bar I98 has functioned properly, a three-armed interlock lever 208 pivoted on stud 29! is urged oounterclockwise by a spring 292 acting on a rearwardly extending one of the three arms to hold a down- Wardly and forwardly extending arm against stud I89 in plate I35. In the home position of plate I35 the forward and upwardly extending arm 293 is above locking bar I98, but as soon as plate I35 rocks counter-clockwise in the first half of a machine cycle stud I89 becomes ineffective and allows arm 293 to drop toward looking bar I98 which is then moving outwardly as lever I81 rocks clockwise. Arm 283 continuing movement enters a notch in extended locking bar I98 to hold it in locking position during the remainder of the machine operation until stud I89 comes to home position. In the event looking bar I98 fails to move outwardly arm 283 does not complete its movement the machine action is blocked by toe 294 hitting a formation 205 on a stop plate secured to the inside surface of plate I35. The action of arm 293 occurs every cycle of operation so a key cannot be depressed during a movement of the stop bars.

A manually operated key release is provided for releasing any depressed key except during a machine cycle and between cycles of a twocycle operation. Correction key 29 (Fig. 6) slidably mounted inside the machine casing in alined slots in bent-over ears of bracket 225 normally is kept in the up position by spring 229 but may be depressed against its restoring action. A rearwardly extending arm thereof has a bent-over car 22! which, when the casing is on the machine, is directly above a flattened surface on a stud 228 (Fig. 3) projecting from the front end of a lever 229 pivoted on screw stud 230. Counterclockwise rocking of lever 229 by key 29 causes surface 23I thereof to strike stud I85 rocking bail I85 thus releasing the digit keys. Lever 229 normally is held with a surface on a rearwardly extending arm thereof resting on screw stud 232- by means of a spring, not shown. Rocking of lever 68 clockwise upon release of the machine for motor operation places arm 233 thereof under stud 228 preventing key-release movement of lever 229. Bent-over hook 234 on lever I81 engages surface'235 on the rearwardly 10 extending arm of key release lever 229 to prevent-its movement when the machine is operated by a crank rocking shaft I39 without rocking of motor release lever 98.

Reference is made to United States patent to Schroder 2,062,731 and to United States patent to Lambert 2,389,062 for a more detailed description of the digit key bank construction, the description given herein being suiiicient for an understanding of the invention.

The totalizer Referring to Fig. 12, the totalizer is mounted in a frame including a shaft 258 journaled in bearings 25I and 292 mounted respectively in side frame plates 72' and "III, a left support arm 253, a right support arm 254, intermediate support arms 259, 256, 25?, 258, 259, 269, 2M, 2922 and 293, and a shaft 264 extending between the rearwardly extending ends of support arms 253 and 254 and passing through support arms 255 to 263. The totalizer wheels are rotatably mounted in spaced relation on shaft 265 Each totalizer wheel (Fig. 21) has a ten-toothed pinion 265 to which is attached an indicator drum 266 bearing on its periphery ten digit numerals spaced according to the associated teeth of the pinion. On the left side of each indicator drum is a transfer pawl member having a subtract tooth 297 used in subtracting and negative total operations and an add tooth 2E8 spaced 36 therefrom with reference to the pinion circumference and spaced leftwardly from tooth 292 as viewed from the front of the machine, said add tooth being used in add and positive total operations.

Referring to Fig. 13, shaft 258 is shiftable leftwardly from the adding position shown, wherein toothed racks on the diiferentials, to be described, are in alinement with the associated pinions on the totalizer Wheels, to a subtracting position in which the racks are in alinement with teeth on intermediate or idler pinions.

Taking the tens order totalizer wheel as a specific example, its pinion 275 (Figs. 12, 13 and 14) is in alinement with the tens order differential rack 21% in the adding position of the totalizer as shown in Figs. 12 and 14, whereas when the totalizer is shifted left to subtract position the rack 216 is in alinement with teeth Ell (Fig. 13) on idler pinion 218 which has another set of teeth 279, spaced therefrom by collar 289, which are in constant mesh with pinion 2'55.

A View of the three-armed diverging lever 29 for a typical denominational order, and which will be discussed in connection with the tens order totalizer wheel, is shown in Fig. 2a. The upwardly extending arm 28I has mounted thereon the toothed rack 216, the mounting being of the stud and slot type which permits of relative movement of the rack forwardly, from the normal position shown in which it is held by spring 283. Abutment 282- extends laterally from rack 216 and normally strikes an ear 289 of a transfer lever rocked by the totalizer wheel of next lower order as it passes through zero, which in the example under consideration is the units order, when such wheel approaches zero either in an adding or a subtracting direction. With the transfer lever in normal position, on return of three-armed lever I6 to home position in the last half of a machine cycle, the rack 2'19 is stopped by the car 285 one tooth step before lever 16 reaches home position. The movement of the rack toward home position with lever it, with the transfer lever of next lower order blocking the rack, is proportional to the digit to be entered in accordance with the value of the depressed key. If the transfer lever is moved and latched in moved position, as will be described, the rack gets an extra step of movement which represents the transfer of one unit from the next lower order.

In home position of the machine the totalizer pinions are in engagement with their respective racks either through the totalizer wheel pinions directly or through the idler pinions, depending on the lateral position of the totalizer frame unit as determined by the positioning of shaft 250 (Fig. 12). When the shaft is in the right position the racks are engaged with the totalizer wheel pinions and the collars between the sets of teeth on the idler pinions act as clearance slots for the excursions of the racks. In the left position of shaft 250 the racks are engaged with the idler pinions.

As shown in Fig. 12, the idler pinions are mounted on studs on the support arms, idler pinion 218 of the tens bank, mounted on support arm 263, being typical.

The engagement and disengagement of the totalizer pinions with the racks is accomplished by rocking the frame consisting of support arms 253 to 263 and shaft 264 about shaft 250.

Right side support arm 254 (Figs. 12 and 27) has a downwardl extending arm 286 (Fig. 2'?) having a roller stud 281 engaged in a cam slot 288 in a lever 289. Fig. 27 shows the position of the parts in home position with the totalizer pinions in engagement with the differential racks. If the totalizer engaging lever is rocked clockwise until stud 281 is in the other end of the slot 288, the arm 254 will be rocked counterclockwise carrying the totalizer wheel 'pinions out of engagement with the differential racks. It is so arranged, as will be described in connection with the description of the totalizer engaging actuating mechanism, that the totalizer on item entering operations, either those of addition or subtraction, which require one machine cycle. is disengaged during the first part of the first half cycle and re-engaged near the end of the first half cycle. During disengagement the totalizer may be shifted laterally and the stop bars and differential racks set to the selected positions. Other things such as transfer reset and printing occur during the totalizer disengagement. The totalizer is rcengagcd with the racks before the second half of the machine cycle commences and during the second half cycle the selected digit values are entered into the totalizer.

To keep the totalizer pinions from. moving while out of engagement with the racks, there is a pawl 240 (see Figs. 12 and 15) associated with each pinion. Pawls 240 are a art of plate 2 adjustably mounted on a bail 242 having bifurcated end portions embracing shaft 250 on which it is rockable and held by spring 243 (Fig. 15) rocked clockwise until extension 244 (Fig. 12) strikes side frame plate '12 as the totalizer moves toward engagement with the racks, lifting the pawls 240 from engagement with the totalizer pinions. As the totalizer pinions are disengaged from the racks the pawls 240 become engaged therewith to hold the set position.

Selection of totalieer for addition or subtraction Assuming the totalizer is in add position and it is desired to condition the machine for subtracting, depression of the subtract key 25 (Figs. 1, 6 and 18) slidably mounted on studs 253a and 289a mounted on bracket 225 mounted on the right inside wall of the casing, against the restoring urge of a spring 290, brings the lower edge of arm 29! into engagement with stud 292 (Fig. 18) of plate 2533, mounted on screw stud 232 (Fig. 3), rocking it clockwise, causing stud 254 resting in a fork of lever 295 to rock lever 285 counter-clockwise turning shaft 2%, to which it is pinned, in the same direction. Shaft 296 extending across the machine and journaled in side frames 10 and 12 has secured to its left end a lever 29'! (see also Fig. 5) having a stud 293 riding in a slot in the forward end of a link 233 equipped with a stud 3G8 riding in slot in lever 30l the upper end of which is pivotally connected to stud 302 on totalizer shifting cam 303 which is mounted on side frame-held stud 303a and which has a curved slot 304 (see Fig. 23) in which rides roller stud 3% (Figs. 5, 12 and 18) secured to the end of totaliaer shaft 2559. Depression of the subtract key 25 rocks lever 30], as seen in Fig. 5, counter-clockwise. On the left end of rock shaft [30 (Fig. 5) is a plate 308 which rocks clockwise and then counterclockwise during a machine cycle. With the machine having parts in the position shown in Fig. 5 plate 366 accomplishes nothing during a machine cycle. If the subtract key is depressed lever 31H is rocked counter-clockwise and, when a machine cycle commences stud 30! engages surface 308 pulling lever 30! down, rocking earn 303 counter-clockwise shifting shaft 250 to the left to bring the totalizer into subtract position with the idler pinions in line with the differential racks. This shifting occurs just after the totalizer pinions are disengaged from the racks. To insure continued depression of the subtract key during the machine cycle, a hook 309 (Fig. 6) moves over a stud 3H! on the stem of subtract key 25 as it is pressed down. Hook 309 is part of and extends upward from a link 3!! mounted by stud and slot coupling to the bracket 225 on the inside of the casing, for forward and backward movement, and is moved into effective position by spring 3l2 when a tail hooking over stud 313 on lever 314 is released. Lever 3M (Fig. 3) is pivoted to the side frame 10 and is urged counter-clockwise against stud 315 on link I33. As link I33 moves forward on a machine cycle in response to the urge of spring 3H5, the hook 309 (Fig. 6) moves toward stud 3 Ii) striking it if the subtract key is not depressed, but locking it in depressed position if it had been and is being held depressed by the operator until the machine cycle starts. On the second half cycle of the machine the key is unlatched as stud 31 5 strikes lever 3 I 4.

If the next machine operation is a sub-tract operation lever 3lll being rocked by link 299 (Fig. 5), remains in its down position. If the next machine operation is an addition operation stud 316a will strike surface 3!"! of lever 30! kicking it up to add position, as link 299 will not have been pulled forward, under which latter circumstance stud 3|Ea would have moved along the rear edge of lever 30 I.

Transfer mechanism Referring to Fig. 21, it will be remembered that on each totalizer wheel there is a transfer pawl tooth 268 that is associated with adding operations and positive total-taking operations. Simi-

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