US2665951A - Scaffolding - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 112, 1954 Filed March 17. 1949 J. s. BOBST SCAFFOLDING 6 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEYS J. S. BOBST SCAF'FOLDING Jan, 12 1954 Filed March 17, 1949 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS J. S. BQBST SCAFF'OLDING Jan. 12 1954 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March 17, 1949 INVENTOH ATTORNEYS J. S. BOBST SCAFFOLDING Jan. 1-2, T1954 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 17, 1949 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS,

Jan. 12, 1954 J. s. BOBST 2,65,9

SCAFFOLDING Filed March 17. 1949 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 l I l ATTORNEYS o J. S. BOBST SCAFF'OLDING Jan. 12, 1954 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed March 17, 1949 ATTORNEYS,

Patented Jan. 12, 1954 UNITED STATES P TENT QFFICE SCAFFOLDING Joseph S. Bobst, Waukesha, Wis.

Application March 17, 1949, Serial No. 81,925

2 Claims.

This invention relates to scaffolding. The main object of the invention is to provide improved scaffolding of novel form and arrangement, and possessing the characteristics of safety, speed in erection and dismantling, and increased adjustability.

With the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists of certain novel details of construction and combinations of parts, hereinafter more fully described and pointed out in the claims, it being understood that changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit of the invention as claimed.

Referring to the drawings,

Figure 1 is a fragmentary longitudinal view of scaifolding constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary perspective view showing the transverse construction.

Figure 3 is an enlarged detail plan view showing the connection between the transvers brace members.

Figure 4 is an enlarged section longitudinally of the connection between the ends of the brace members and the ladders.

Figure 5 is a bottom plan view of the connection shown in Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a section taken on line 6-B of Figure 4.

Figure '7 is a detail fragmentary side elevation of the connection between the longitudinal brace members.

Figure 8 is a top plan view of the connection of Figure 7.

Figure 9 is a transverse section through the connection of Figure 7.

Figure 10 is an enlarged detail section through the connection between superposed ladders.

Figure 11 is a section taken on line Ii-H of Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a fragmentary perspect1ve view of one end of a plank.

Figure 13 is a fragmentary perspect1ve View of one end of a deck truss that supports the planking.

Figure 14 is a view in side elevation of a modified form of ladder bracing.

Figure 15 is a fragmentary perspective view of one end of a brace used in the form of Figure 14. t

Figure 16 is a fragmentary perspect1ve view :of the other end of said brace.

'Figure 17 is a fragmentary top plan view of the connection between the braces of Figure 14.

Figure 18 is a longitudinal section through a modified truss and associated ladders.

Figure 19 is a transverse section on line i9|9 of Figure 18.

Figure 20 is a top plan View of the deck truss illustrated in Figure 18.

Figure 21 is a fragmentary side elevation showing a modified form of connection between braces and ladders.

Figure 22 is a top plan view of another modified scaffolding arrangement.

Figure 23 is a fragmentary side elevation of a modified form of deck truss used in the form of Figure 22.

Figure 24 is an enlarged detail section on line 24-24 of Figure 23.

Figure 25 is a fragmentary side elevational view of a modified connection between a ladder and brace.

Referring to the drawings in detail, 5 and 6 designate vertical supports here shown as lad ders of tubular construction throughout. Referring to Figure 2, a ladder 5 is paired with and spaced transversely from a ladder 5. Then, said pairs are spaced longitudinally of the scaffolding (see Figure 1).

The ladders 5, 6 of each pair are X-braced by the crossed brace members i, 8 extending transversely of the scaffolding. The medial portions of the brace members 7, 8 are flattened (see Figure 3) and pivotally connected by bolt 9.

The ends of the X-brace defined by members 1, 8 are detachably connected to the ladders 5, B.

, These end connections are clearly shown in Figures 4 to 6. A collar H] is slidable on the end of the brace member as shown in the full line and dotted line positions, respectively, of Figure 4. Collar 10 is formed with an apertured oflset H adapted to receive the free end of an arcuate tongue l2 that extends around a selected rung l3 of the ladder. The other end of the tongue I2 is pivotally connected by hinge pin Hi to the ear l5 rigidly secured, as by welding, to the end of the brace member.

By sliding the collar I0 inwardly, the free end of tongue I2 is released, permitting the tongue to be swung outwardly, thereby detaching the end of the brace member from the rung I3.

. The scaffolding is also braced longitudinally (Figure l) by adjustable X-bracing extending between ladders 5 of adjacent pairs. Said longitudinal X-bracin'g comprises brace sections Hi,v

[1, I8, and i9. Members 16, i? define one X- brace member and members 18, I9 define the other X-brace member.

The longitudinal X-bracing can be adjusted in lengths so as to space the ladders of adjacent pairs closer or further apart as desired. This would also be true of the ladders 6 of adjacent pairs, of course, which would also be braced longitudinally. The connection of the brace sections whereby said adjustment is effected is illustrated in Figures 7 to 9. A pair of sleeves 20 are welded in longitudinally contacting relation. Slidable in one sleeve 20 is the inner end of brace section it. Slidable in the other sleeve 20 is the inner end of brace section 11-. Another pair of sleeves 21 is also provided, said sleeves 21 also being secured together in longitudinal contact. One sleeve 2! receives the inner end of brace section 18 which slides therethrough. The other sleeve 2 l res ceives the inner end of brace section l9, also slidable in the sleeve.

The pair of sleeves 20 is welded to a plate 22--' and the sleeves 21 are welded to a plate 23 spaced from plate 22 by washer 24, and a pin 25 extend-'- ed between the plates and-permits relative pivotal movement between the pairs of sleeves.

Assuming that the bracemembers I6, I! or iii, 19' as the case" may be, have been slidably adjusted within their respective sleeves, pins 26 can be" dropped in registering. openings 21' that are spaced longitudinally of the respective brace members. A rigid X-brace of adjusted length. is accordingly provided.

The ends of the brace members are flattened and pins or studs 28 arewelded thereto. Said studs 23 are adapted to be extended through registering apertures in the'ends of the ladders so as to provide a detachable pivotal connection be tween the ends of the brace members and said ladders.

Tubular connecting sleeves 29 are extended into the ends of the ladders, to receive the lower ends of ladders immediately thereabove, as best seen in Figures and 11. Said connecting sleeves have openings that register with the openings of the ladders to receive the studs 28. The connecting sleeves2'9 can be welded in the ends of the ladders, or more properly, one end of each ladder, so as to receive slidably the adjacent ends of the ladders next above.

I believe it should also be noted at. this point that in place of the members i and 8 used to X- brace the scaffolding transversely, X-bracing constructed along the lines of the X-brace illustrated in Figure l and comprising members I6, 11, i8, and I9 can be employed. As a result, adjustment of the scafiolding can be made not only longitudinally thereof, but also transversely, so-

that the scaffolding can be not only of selected length, but also, of selected width.

From what has been so far described, it may be noted that the scafiolding permits the erection at spaced intervals of vertical supports, with said supports being braced transversely and longitudinally of the scafiolding, in a manner permitting adjustment of' the scafiolding as to width and length, and also as to height, sinceany number of ladders can be arranged in superposed arrangement.

Considering now the horizontal supports, or decking, of the scaffolding, I provide in the form of Figures 1 and 2 a deck truss comprising arectangular tubular frame generally designated. 30. Said rectangular deck truss 30 includes the sad.- dl'es. 3L. Eachof said saddles 3-! in effect com.- prises a sleeve that is cut away longitudinally as best seen from Figure 13. In any event, said. saddles are secured to the underside of the deck truss, at or adjacent its ends,..as by welding or 4 the like, and are adapted to fit ovr selected rungs l3 of the ladders 5, 6.

Extended downwardly from the medial portion of each saddle 31 is a depending stud or drop pin 32, that is rigidly secured within the saddle, and which is adapted to be dropped into suitable openings formed in the rungs l3. As a result, the deck truss is removably but securely mounted upon the ladders.

To reinforce. the deck truss, Ibrace it transversely by means of the cross bars 33, having their ends welded to the longitudinal members of the deck truss. I also brace the deck truss longitudinally, by means of the brace member 34 that extends under the cross bars 33 and has its ends welded to the. ends of the deck truss. The crossingportionsof the cross bars 33 and the longitudinal bracemember 34 are also welded together.

Thevarious deck trusses used in a scaffolding would of course be disposed parallel when the scaffolding is mounted; and: extending between the parallel deck trussesare-the planks 35. Each plank has secured to its underside cleats 36 which can be formed of angle iron' material, and which are adapted to engage: behind the deck truss longitudinal members, so as toprevent lengthwise movement of the planking. Some of the planks additionally, are provided with recesses 37, 38, so as to fit around the vertical supports or ladders (see Figure 2).

Preferably, and as best seen from Figure 2, the deck trusses are formed with extensions that project beyond the ladders on at least one side of the scafiolding, and on these extensions are mounted planks 35, whereby the artisans working upon the scaffolding are enabled to move directly up against the building or other structure on which they are working.

Referring now to Figure 14, thereis here illustrated a modified arrangement of ladder bracing which also permits theladders to be spaced adjustably both transversely and longitudinally of the scaffolding. In the form of Figure 14, the ladders 39 are braced in spaced relation by crossing brace members 40 and crossing brace members' 4|. The upper members 40 are pivotally connected by means of pins 42 (see Figure 17), and crossing members 4| are pivotally connected by pins or bolts 43. The members 40 have longitudinally spaced apertures 44, so that the bolt 42 can be extended throughany registered pairJof apertures, thus to adjust the members 40 relative to each other. For example, members it can be.

connected so as to assume the full line positions of" Figure 14; in this position, ladders 39 are spaced a considerable distance apart. By selecting another pair of apertures 44,.the members 40 can be adjustably and pivotally connected so as to bring the ladders 39 closer together, as may be noted by'referring to the. dotted line positions of Figure 14.

The same is true of the lower members 41, which are equipped with the longitudinally spaced apertures 45 any selected pair of which can receive the bolt 43. The inner end of one member 40 is pivotally and permanently connected to the inner end of one member 41, and the inner end of the other. member 40 is. also similarly. connected to the other member. 4|. This is.- accomplished in the-present instance by welding to the members 40 the U-shaped rods 4?, that are interlocked with. the U-shaped rods 48 welded to the members 4|.

The outer. ends of the members 40, M are piv otally connected to the opposite ends of the respective ladders, and this can be accomplished by flattening said outer ends, and extending laterally of the fiat portions thereof the threaded studs 46 receivable in the openings at the ends of the ladders 39.

In Figures 18 to 20 I have illustrated another modified form, showing an alternate type of deck truss. Transverse saddles are welded to the underside of the rectangular deck truss frame 5 I, and said saddles 50 are adapted to be removably seated over the rungs 49 of upstanding spaced ladders. The rectangular frame 5| is in the present instance formed with a single medially disposed cross bar 52 having its ends welded to the underside of the frame for the purpose of reinforcing it, and a longitudinal brace 53 has its ends welded to the ends of the rectangular frame, said brace 53 being slightly bent so as to pass under the cross bar 52. The crossing portions of the members 52 and 53 are welded.

Considering Figure 19, it may be noted that threaded studs 54 are extended laterally from opposite sides of the longitudinal brace member 53, these passing through apertures in the flattened ends of angle braces 55. Braces 55 have their other ends connected to selected rungs of the spaced ladders by means of the removable connections 56 formed in the manner hereinbefore described.

In Figure 21, I have illustrated a modified form of connection between the ends of any of the various X-brace or angle members described above. In this illustration, the bracing members are designated 60 and have the usual lateral studs received in ears 59 welded to the sides of ladders 58. Ladders 58 are disposed in superposed relation as has previously been described, being connected in the manner illustrated in Figure 10.

Considering now the modified form illustrated in Figures 22 to 24, said modification is particularly intended to permit the setting up of ramped decks. In this form, deck trusses are provided that are extended horizontally of the scaffolding, but which are disposed on edge, so to speak, as best seen from Figure 23 in which such a deck truss is shown in side elevation. A deck truss is here illustrated that includes the parallel longitudinal members 6: braced by the cross brace 62 and transversely extended angle braces 53. Members 6| are of tubular construction.

Welded to the undersides of the respective members are longitudinally spaced saddles 64, these saddles differing from the saddles hereinbefore described in that they are very short as best seen from Figure 24. The saddles 64 are adapted to seat over rungs 65 of ladders 66.

Slidably mounted in the opposite ends of each deck truss are the U-shaped extensions 61. Said extensions 6'! have a sliding fit in the ends of the tubular members GI, and, after having been adjusted longitudinally of the members 6| a selected distance, are secured therein by means of the cross pins 68.

Thus, the length of each deck truss is adapted to be adjusted as desired.

Extending downwardly from the medial portion of each deck truss is an car 69 which can be welded or otherwise fixedly connected to the deck truss, and said ear is apertured to receive the pivotal connections 70 with the ends of the angle brace members H, the other ends of which, as will be understood, are removably secured to the spaced ladders 66.

The arrangement illustrated in Figures 22 to 24, as will be noted, permits the deck truss to be ramped. This is achieved by tilting the deck truss upon its pivotal connection 10, so that one end of the deck truss may engage a higher rung of a ladder than the other end of the deck truss. Then, planking 12 can be extended between deck trusses at opposite sides of the scaffolding, as best seen from Figure 22.

With respect to the matter of ramping the decks, the truss illustrated in Figure 18 also has particular applicability for this purpose. In this instance, the truss is literally pivoted upon the studs 54 so that the saddle 50 at one end of the truss is permitted to seat upon a selected rung of one ladder, which may be higher than the rung of the ladder supporting the other end of the deck truss. In connection with the form of Figure 18, it may be noted that the deck truss has the extension 51 to permit the artisans to work close to the building.

In all the forms of the invention, there is believed to be the common characteristic of complete adjustability of the scaffold as to width, length, or height to meet a particular condition in the construction of a building or other structure. At the same time, the scaffolding has the characteristic in each form of the invention of permitting the decks to be set up at selected elevations. Additionally, the decks can be ramped where necessary or desired.

In Figure 25, a modified connection between a ladder and brace is illustrated. The ladder 13 has rungs 14, each of which is formed medially with a vertical opening for receiving a drop pin '15 that extends through the flattened end 16 of a brace 11. Brace 11 is bolted as at 18 to the under side of a deck truss 19. Brace 11 is of course capable of being pinned to any selected rung 74, because each rung will have a vertical opening for receiving the pin 15.

Further important characteristics are believed to reside in the various forms of the invention, in that the scaffolding in each instance is capable of being speedily erected or disassembled. In its erected condition, the scaffolding is believed to be of considerable strength, being effectively braced both transversely and longitudinally, with said bracing in all instances being adjustable as stated.

What is claimed is:

1. A scalfold comprising spaced elongated substantially vertical ladders, a pair of elongated extensible crossed braces extending between the ladders, one cross brace being connected to a ladder adjacent the lower end thereof and to an adjacent ladder adjacent the upper end thereof, the other cross brace being connected to the first mentioned ladder adjacent the upper end thereof and to the second mentioned ladder adjacent the lower end thereof, each cross brace comprising a pair of elongated brace bars each having a longitudinal row of longitudinally spaced openings extending transversely therethrough, a joined pair of elongated parallel sleeves mounted on and encircling each pair of brace bars adjacent the ends thereof remote from the ladders, and pins extending through registering openings in the brace bars adjacent opposite ends of the sleeves for holding the crossed braces in selected extended positions.

2. The structure defined in claim 1 in which the pairs of sleeves are pivotally connected to.. gether to prevent separation of the crossed braces between the ladders and allow the crossed braces 7 to awmam siiiiszrem msular nQsitisms'mlafie to Number H 1,003,4 JOSE H'S; OBSFJ 1,776,565 ,830,017 fieimt nc s Cit d in. h file of tins patent 5 2,016,363 UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,316,952 2,461,762 Number Name Date 472,406 Smith Apr. 5, 1892 510,057 W i11i a. ms Dec. 5, 1893 10 Number 975 241 Hlggms Nov. 8, 1910 75 991,565 valentine-n", May 9, 1911 8 Name Date Ah1:ams- Sept. 19, 1911 Morton Sept. 23, 1930 Dahlberg- Nov. 3, 1931 Culotti Oct. 8, 1935 Halferty Apr. 20, 1943 ODonnell Feb. 15, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date- Great Britain Nov. 19, 1925

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