US2660256A - Exhaust muffler with expansion chamber - Google Patents

Exhaust muffler with expansion chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
US2660256A
US2660256A US144060A US14406050A US2660256A US 2660256 A US2660256 A US 2660256A US 144060 A US144060 A US 144060A US 14406050 A US14406050 A US 14406050A US 2660256 A US2660256 A US 2660256A
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Prior art keywords
central member
ports
expansion chamber
exhaust
exhaust muffler
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Expired - Lifetime
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US144060A
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Walker George Bromhead
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/086—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling having means to impart whirling motion to the gases
    • F01N1/088—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling having means to impart whirling motion to the gases using vanes arranged on gas flow path or gas flow tubes with tangentially directed apertures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/003—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using dead chambers communicating with gas flow passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/005—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for draining or otherwise eliminating condensates or moisture accumulating in the apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved silencer or muffler intended mainly for the exhausts of internal combustion engines, 'out suitable also for other gas exhausts.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an exhaust gas silencer or muffler of relatively simple and inexpensive construction which, in use, has low back pressure and otherwise will be found very efficient.
  • the improved silencer or muwriterr has a hollow central member open at one end to receive the exhaust gases and closed at the other end with ports near to its inlet end to allow the gases to escape to an expansion space.
  • member ⁇ functions as a gas accumulator to smooth out the pulsating pressures of the engine exhaust, the gas pressure accumulating in said closed end portion on the high pressure phase and being released through the ports on the low v pressure phase.
  • the expansion space is of annular form preferably formed by a tapering casing surrounding the hollow central member. rThe space thus formed progressively increases in area from the inlet to the outlet so that the smoothed out gases escaping from the ports of the hollow central member are caused to expand as they traverse the expansion space and are thus considerably reduced in pressure in addition to being substantially free from pulsations when they reach the outlet.
  • Fig. l is a longitudinal sectional view of the improved silencer or muffler.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-section taken on the line 2 2 and Fig. 3 a cross-section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a detail View of the supporting ring or spider for the hollow central member.
  • the silencer or muffler comprises the hollow cylindenlike central member I fitted within a casing 2 of tapering formation increasing in diameter from the inlet end 3 to the outlet end I so as to form the annular expansion space or chamber 5 for the exhaust gases.
  • the cross-sectional area of the expansion space or chamber 5 increases progressively from the inlet end to the outlet end.
  • One end 6 of the hollow central member l is open to the inlet end 3 preferably by being driven into said end with a frictional fit as shown.
  • the other end i of said central member is closed.
  • the closed end portion of the hollow Cil Provided in the central member I near to its open end 6 are a plurality of gas ports 8 which allow the exhaust gases entering the central member to pass into the expansion space or chamber 5.
  • Said ports 8 are preferably of elongated form as shown and each has an internal angularly set baille 9 to cause the gases to enter the expansion space or chamber 5 with a helical or swirling action.
  • ports 8 may be provided around the circumference of the central member and, if desired, a further series of similar ports may be provided inwardly of the ports 8.
  • the rear closed end 'l of the central member may be supported in any desired manner.
  • said end has a welded-on nut iii receiving a screwed stud Ii supported in a central hole I2 in a spider I3.
  • the spider is supported between a flange I4 on the end of the casing 2 and a similar iiange I5 on an end member I6 which connects to the usual exhaust pipe.
  • the stud II also supports a washer I1 and a tapered tail I8 which avoids the formation of a low pressure zone in the space immediately behind the central member l.
  • the exhaust gases pass into the hollow central member I from the inlet 3 and escape from the latter through the ports 8 into the expansion space 5 between the central member and the casing 2.
  • the gases then pass with a helical or swirling movement aiong said space to the outlet end and, as the cross-sectional area of said space progressively increases, the exhaust gases expand in their passage and so become greatly reduced in pressure on reaching the outlet 4.
  • the portion I9 of the hollow central member between the ports 8 and the closed inner end I functions as a gas accumulator and so smoothes out the pulsating pressures of the exhaust.
  • the gas pressure accumulates in the portion IS and is released through the ports 8 on the low pressure phase.
  • the swirling motion imparted to the gases by the vanes 9 has the effect of reducing back pressure.
  • the lower opening in the spider I3 has a downwardly extended portion 20, see Fig. 4, which registers with slots 2i in the flanges I4 and I5.
  • allows water condensing in the silencer to readily drain away.
  • An exhaust silencer for internal combustion engine exhausts comprising an elongated outer ⁇ casing having coaxially arranged tubular inlet and outlet connections, a spider mounted in said outer casing in a position closely adjacent said outlet connection, an elongated hollow central member having one open end 'arranged as a slicling fit within said tubular inlet connection and the other end closed, a tapered extension xed to said closed end and engaged by said spider so as to support and center said closed end, the portion of said outer casing intermediate Isaid two ends enclosing between itself and said hollow central member an expansion chamber progressively increasing in area from said inlet end to said outlet end, and said hollow central member having elongated ports formed in its side walls and located exclusively in a part thereof surrounded by the smaller end of the expansion chamber.

Description

Nov. 24, 1953 v G. B. WALKER 2,660,256
EXHAUST MUFFLER WITH EXPANSION CHAMBER Filed Feb. 14, 1950 Patented Nov. 24, 1953 OFFICE EXHAUST MUFFLER WITH EXPANSION CHAMBER George Bromhead Walker, Portarlington, Victoria, Australia Application February 14, 1950, Serial No. 144,060
Claims priority, application Australia March 21, 1949 1 Claim.
This invention relates to an improved silencer or muffler intended mainly for the exhausts of internal combustion engines, 'out suitable also for other gas exhausts.
The object of the invention is to provide an exhaust gas silencer or muffler of relatively simple and inexpensive construction which, in use, has low back pressure and otherwise will be found very efficient.
According to the invention, the improved silencer or muiiler has a hollow central member open at one end to receive the exhaust gases and closed at the other end with ports near to its inlet end to allow the gases to escape to an expansion space. member` functions as a gas accumulator to smooth out the pulsating pressures of the engine exhaust, the gas pressure accumulating in said closed end portion on the high pressure phase and being released through the ports on the low v pressure phase.
The expansion space is of annular form preferably formed by a tapering casing surrounding the hollow central member. rThe space thus formed progressively increases in area from the inlet to the outlet so that the smoothed out gases escaping from the ports of the hollow central member are caused to expand as they traverse the expansion space and are thus considerably reduced in pressure in addition to being substantially free from pulsations when they reach the outlet.
The invention is more fully described aided by reference to the accompanying drawings where- Fig. l is a longitudinal sectional view of the improved silencer or muffler.
Fig. 2 is a cross-section taken on the line 2 2 and Fig. 3 a cross-section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a detail View of the supporting ring or spider for the hollow central member.
As is shown in these views, the silencer or muffler comprises the hollow cylindenlike central member I fitted within a casing 2 of tapering formation increasing in diameter from the inlet end 3 to the outlet end I so as to form the annular expansion space or chamber 5 for the exhaust gases. The cross-sectional area of the expansion space or chamber 5 increases progressively from the inlet end to the outlet end.
One end 6 of the hollow central member l is open to the inlet end 3 preferably by being driven into said end with a frictional fit as shown. The other end i of said central member is closed.
The closed end portion of the hollow Cil Provided in the central member I near to its open end 6 are a plurality of gas ports 8 which allow the exhaust gases entering the central member to pass into the expansion space or chamber 5. Said ports 8 are preferably of elongated form as shown and each has an internal angularly set baille 9 to cause the gases to enter the expansion space or chamber 5 with a helical or swirling action.
Any suitable number of ports 8 may be provided around the circumference of the central member and, if desired, a further series of similar ports may be provided inwardly of the ports 8.
The rear closed end 'l of the central member may be supported in any desired manner. In the construction shown, said end has a welded-on nut iii receiving a screwed stud Ii supported in a central hole I2 in a spider I3. The spider is supported between a flange I4 on the end of the casing 2 and a similar iiange I5 on an end member I6 which connects to the usual exhaust pipe. The stud II also supports a washer I1 and a tapered tail I8 which avoids the formation of a low pressure zone in the space immediately behind the central member l.
In use, the exhaust gases pass into the hollow central member I from the inlet 3 and escape from the latter through the ports 8 into the expansion space 5 between the central member and the casing 2. The gases then pass with a helical or swirling movement aiong said space to the outlet end and, as the cross-sectional area of said space progressively increases, the exhaust gases expand in their passage and so become greatly reduced in pressure on reaching the outlet 4.
The portion I9 of the hollow central member between the ports 8 and the closed inner end I functions as a gas accumulator and so smoothes out the pulsating pressures of the exhaust. On the high pressure phase, the gas pressure accumulates in the portion IS and is released through the ports 8 on the low pressure phase. Thus, when the gases escape through the end member I5 to the exhaust pipe, they are greatly reduced in pressure and substantialiy free from pulsations. Noise is thereby practically eliminated. The swirling motion imparted to the gases by the vanes 9 has the effect of reducing back pressure.
To permit escape of any water that may condense in the silencer, the lower opening in the spider I3 has a downwardly extended portion 20, see Fig. 4, which registers with slots 2i in the flanges I4 and I5. The passage formed by the portion 20 and the slots 2| allows water condensing in the silencer to readily drain away.
What I claim is:
An exhaust silencer for internal combustion engine exhausts, comprising an elongated outer` casing having coaxially arranged tubular inlet and outlet connections, a spider mounted in said outer casing in a position closely adjacent said outlet connection, an elongated hollow central member having one open end 'arranged as a slicling fit within said tubular inlet connection and the other end closed, a tapered extension xed to said closed end and engaged by said spider so as to support and center said closed end, the portion of said outer casing intermediate Isaid two ends enclosing between itself and said hollow central member an expansion chamber progressively increasing in area from said inlet end to said outlet end, and said hollow central member having elongated ports formed in its side walls and located exclusively in a part thereof surrounded by the smaller end of the expansion chamber.
GEORGE BROMHEAD WALKER,
References Cited in the file of this Vpatent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 753,845 Brockway Mar. 8, 1904 1,157,256 vSchmitt Oct. 19, 1915 1,671,829 Ledwinka May 29, 1928 2,075,265 Bourne Mar. 30, 1937 2,511,597 Marx June 13, 1950 FOREIGN PATENTS Number` Country Date '9,297 Great Britain Apr. 22, 1907 of 1907 v701,684 France Jan. 12, 1931 563,018 Germany Oct. 31, 1932 487,816 Great Britain Y June 27, 1938
US144060A 1949-03-21 1950-02-14 Exhaust muffler with expansion chamber Expired - Lifetime US2660256A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2705541A (en) * 1951-07-16 1955-04-05 Dan M Finch Muffler
US2911055A (en) * 1957-12-13 1959-11-03 Mcdonald William Engine exhaust silencer
US3323613A (en) * 1964-10-26 1967-06-06 Walker Mfg Co Three-part muffler with side branch chambers
US3770081A (en) * 1972-10-13 1973-11-06 Line Inc M Silencer for combustion engines
US6415747B1 (en) 1998-06-19 2002-07-09 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Two stroke, multiple cylinder engine for small vehicle
US9534525B2 (en) 2015-05-27 2017-01-03 Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. Mixer assembly for exhaust aftertreatment system

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US753845A (en) * 1903-08-07 1904-03-08 Richard W Brockway Gasolene-engine muffler.
GB190709297A (en) * 1907-04-22 1908-04-16 Everard Home Morgan Improvements in Silencers for Internal Combustion Engines.
US1157256A (en) * 1914-05-15 1915-10-19 Edmund Schmitt Muffler.
US1671829A (en) * 1921-03-07 1928-05-29 Budd Edward G Mfg Co Muffler for internal-combustion engines
FR701684A (en) * 1929-08-17 1931-03-20 Zygmunt Wilman Improvements made in the establishment of silencers for internal combustion engines
DE563018C (en) * 1932-10-31 Jacques Charles Marie Roveroli Streamlined silencer for internal combustion engines, especially for aircraft
US2075265A (en) * 1935-08-09 1937-03-30 Maxim Silencer Co Sound attenuating device
GB487816A (en) * 1937-08-28 1938-06-27 William Carey Miles Improvements in exhaust silencers for internal-combustion engines
US2511597A (en) * 1947-04-30 1950-06-13 Joseph P Marx Muffler with cup-shaped baffle

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE563018C (en) * 1932-10-31 Jacques Charles Marie Roveroli Streamlined silencer for internal combustion engines, especially for aircraft
US753845A (en) * 1903-08-07 1904-03-08 Richard W Brockway Gasolene-engine muffler.
GB190709297A (en) * 1907-04-22 1908-04-16 Everard Home Morgan Improvements in Silencers for Internal Combustion Engines.
US1157256A (en) * 1914-05-15 1915-10-19 Edmund Schmitt Muffler.
US1671829A (en) * 1921-03-07 1928-05-29 Budd Edward G Mfg Co Muffler for internal-combustion engines
FR701684A (en) * 1929-08-17 1931-03-20 Zygmunt Wilman Improvements made in the establishment of silencers for internal combustion engines
US2075265A (en) * 1935-08-09 1937-03-30 Maxim Silencer Co Sound attenuating device
GB487816A (en) * 1937-08-28 1938-06-27 William Carey Miles Improvements in exhaust silencers for internal-combustion engines
US2511597A (en) * 1947-04-30 1950-06-13 Joseph P Marx Muffler with cup-shaped baffle

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2705541A (en) * 1951-07-16 1955-04-05 Dan M Finch Muffler
US2911055A (en) * 1957-12-13 1959-11-03 Mcdonald William Engine exhaust silencer
US3323613A (en) * 1964-10-26 1967-06-06 Walker Mfg Co Three-part muffler with side branch chambers
US3770081A (en) * 1972-10-13 1973-11-06 Line Inc M Silencer for combustion engines
US6415747B1 (en) 1998-06-19 2002-07-09 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Two stroke, multiple cylinder engine for small vehicle
US9534525B2 (en) 2015-05-27 2017-01-03 Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. Mixer assembly for exhaust aftertreatment system

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