US2656161A - Shaking device, especially internal shaker for compacting loose masses - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 20, 1953 w. DEGEN SHAKING DEVICE, ESPECIALLY INTERNAL SHAKER FOR COMPACTING LOOSE MASSES Filed Sept. 6, 1950 m/rf/vrak Al/ZHFLN DEGEN fi z/aw mate Patented Oct. 20, 1953 SHAKING DEVICE, ESPECIALLY INTERNAL SHAKER FOR COMPACTING LOOSE MASSES Wilhelm Degen, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Application September 6, 1950, Serial N 0. 183,422 In Germany September 9, 1949 7 Claims.

The present invention relates to a shaking device for all kinds of purposes, especially those where an internal shaking is desirable or necessary, as, for instance, compacting materials. The device is particularly suitable for the production of especially strongly, uniformly, and extensively compacted large concrete masses.

The internal shaker according to the invention is essentially characterized in that for the insertion, as for example the immersion into a plastic mass, as for instance concrete, for the purpose of shaking, a special operating part is used that is directly or indirectly connected with the shaker itself, and is shaped in such a way. that it can confine limited quantities of the mass to be shaken, and has for example the form of a hollow body, a grate, or a similar shape.

The lower portion of the otherwise conventionally constructed and shaped shaker may, for example, be shaped like a hollow cylinder, or such a part may be fastened to it by bolts. This hollow cylinder may be subdivided my concentric or radial partitions into circular or polyangular compartments of the same or lower height. In order to effectively confine a sufficiently large defined area of material this operating part of the shaker may also have a not completely closed form. It may, for instance, have the shape of an open ring, or be constructed with walls that do not join each other, that may also be immersed into the mass to be shaken, where they enclose a definite quantity of the mass and subject it to an effective shaking.

Appropriately the walls enclosing the operating part are, for example, the shell of the mentioned hollow cylinder, or a grate of suitable height, or the like, that may be totally or partly closed at the top. They can be used to exert by the weight of their walls, or better still, by the weight of the whole shaker, or by a supplementary weight, an additional pressure on the mass to be shaken, in order to enhance the compacting effect at suitable depth of immersion. It has been found in this connection that it is particularly advisable to arrange the additional loading weights in such a way that they are as little as possible affected. by the oscillations of the shaking. In order to keep them free from any imposed vibrations or shaking, the weights, or the loading parts in general may, for example, be elastically suspended, or attached to parts of the shaker that oscillate little, or not at all.

In case the enclosing or confining walls, grates, or the like are divided into two compartments by a horizontal partition, a pipe socket may be fitted that may have accumulated during the shaking of the concrete, can flow from the shaken area upward into the upper compartment. The emerging liquid can be collected in a special container, for'example in such a way that the confining structure comprising separate vertical parallel, or perpendicular to each other arranged, walls, or several hollow cylinders, merge upward into a box-like chamber, into which through sockets fastened to its bottom, pipes extend.

The internal shakers known so far have the essential drawback that their shaking effect diminishes rapidly with increasing distance from the shaking part. Furthermore hollow spaces easily form in the shaken mass, or there is, at any rate, insuflicient compacting or consolidation at the spaces occupied by the shaking body during the compacting.

During the shaking of the concrete it has further been found necessary to prematurely interrupt the shaking process, so that surplus cement slush is not pressed to the surface.

All these drawbacks have been overcome by the described interior shaker according to the present invention. By means of a considerable enlargement of the eifective operating surface, and the confining of an exactly determined quantity of the mass to be shaken, an absolutely uniform compacting effect is ensured, since it is not possible for the mass to yield in any direction.

The displacement caused by the operating part of the shaker, which, as a rule, possesses relatively thin walls, is considerably decreased in spite of the considerable enlargement of the effective shaker surface, and on account of the thereby increased shaking effect, there is no formation of hollow spaced or insuiiiciently compacted places. Furthermore the size of the additional loading weight may be regulated at will, and the compacting operation may be extended as long as found advisable, since at any continued compacting of, for example, concrete, any

cement slush that may form can be removed from the dangerous zone, collected and utilized for further required purposes. This latter feature is especially valuable with regard to the consumption of cement, the development of heat, and the reduction of shrinking and creeping.

The accompanying drawing illustrates by way of example an internal shaker according to the present invention.

Fig. 1 shows diagrammatically a side view of an internal shaker.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, seen from below.

Attached to the suspension l is a shaker body 3 2 with the loading weight 3 and fastened to body 2 by a clamp A is operating part 5 in the shape of a box with the intermediate bottom 6, pierced by the pipe socket 1, which separates the container for the accumulating liquid, as for example cement slush, entering through this pipe socket, from the lower confining box 9, which is subdivided into separate compartments by the partitions l0.

I claim:

l. A vibrator for compacting concrete or the like comprising a body adapted to be vibrated and to transfer its vibrations to a loose mass of concrete, means for vibrating said body, and a hollow member having side walls adapted to confine a predetermined mass of concrete and which is open at the bottom, said hollow member being arranged at the lower part of said body adjacent the concrete.

2. A vibrator as defined in claim 1 wherein said hollow member is divided into a plurality of chambers by means of perpendicularly arranged walls.

3. A vibrator as defined in claim 1 wherein means is provided for detachably arranging said hollow member at the lower part of the vibrating body.

4. A vibrator as defined in claim 1 wherein said hollow member is provided with a horizontal wall dividing the member into two compartments open, respectively, at the bottom and the top, said '4 wall being provided with openings for communication between said two compartments.

5. A vibrator for compacting concrete or the like comprising a body adapted to be vibrated and to transfer its vibrations to a loose mass of concrete, means for vibrating said body, a hollow member open on top and bottom arranged at the lower part of said body adjacent the concrete, a horizontal wall dividing said hollow member into an upper and a lower horizontal compartment, perpendicularly arranged walls in the lower compartment dividing said lower compartment into a plurality of chambers open at the bottom, and conduits between said lower compartment and the upper compartment to allow the passage of surplus liquid from the lower to the upper compartment.

6. A vibrator as defined in claim 1, wherein weighting means is attached to the vibrating body to increase the load.

'7. A vibrator as defined in claim 6 wherein said weighting means is resiliently suspended on the vibrating body.

WILl-IELM DEGEN.

References Cit-ed in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number

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