US2652311A - Method of after-treating viscose threads advancing in a helical path - Google Patents

Method of after-treating viscose threads advancing in a helical path Download PDF

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Publication number
US2652311A
US2652311A US222009A US22200951A US2652311A US 2652311 A US2652311 A US 2652311A US 222009 A US222009 A US 222009A US 22200951 A US22200951 A US 22200951A US 2652311 A US2652311 A US 2652311A
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United States
Prior art keywords
thread
reel
steam
helix
advancing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US222009A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kenneth M Mclellan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Industrial Rayon Corp
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Industrial Rayon Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE510793D priority Critical patent/BE510793A/xx
Application filed by Industrial Rayon Corp filed Critical Industrial Rayon Corp
Priority to US222009A priority patent/US2652311A/en
Priority to GB9770/52A priority patent/GB716582A/en
Priority to FR1062504D priority patent/FR1062504A/fr
Priority to NL168870A priority patent/NL80293C/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2652311A publication Critical patent/US2652311A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
    • D01D10/0436—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement
    • D01D10/0454—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement using reels
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/02—Heat treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
    • D01D10/0436—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
    • D01F11/02—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of cellulose, cellulose derivatives, or proteins

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the treatment of filamentary material such as yarn, thread and the like (hereinafter referred to as thread) at elevated temperatures while such thread is continuously stored and advanced on a thread-advancing, thread-storage device in a plurality of generally helical turns. More particularly, it relates to the treatment of thread such as viscose rayon thread with aqueous fluids at elevated temperatures to assist the regeneration and processing of such thread.
  • a chemical or physical treatment of thread is more thorough and more efficient if it is performed at an elevated temperature. is particularly true, for example, in the manufacture of viscose rayon thread, and especially in the continuous processing systems where a series of coordinated thread regeneration steps are performed on a series of thread-storage, thread-advancing devices.
  • the regeneration steps involved are, for example, treatments with aqueous acid solutions, aqueous desulfurizing solutions, aqueous bleaching solutions, and washing treatments with water between any two or more of the chemical treatments mentioned.
  • One or more of the individual treatment steps mentioned may be performed on each of the thread-advancing devices.
  • the present invention advantageously provides a process whereby the processing time for the regeneration of viscose rayon in a continuous system is materially reduced.
  • the present invention makes possible a continuous process apparatus which is more simple and smaller in size and cost.
  • this is accomplished generally by temporarily storing and advancing a thread on a thread-storage, thread-advancing device in a plurality of generally helical turns, heating the advancing thread by circulating or passing steam through the interior of the device, and by-passing at least a portion of the steam from theinterior of the device to the exterior thereof, and
  • At least a portion of the steam employed is condensed and the advancing thread subjected to the action of both the condensate and steam. Condensation of steam may take place within the advancing device or it may take place at the thread-bearing surface thereof, or at both places. Particular advantages, however, derived when a substantial proportion of the condensate is formed within the device and then by-passed, or diverted together with the steam,
  • such hot aqueous fluids may also serve to dilute the chemical treating agents that are present on or applied to the actvancing thread.
  • the advancing thread being contacted by the diverted hot aqueous fluids may already contain one or more oi the chemical treating agents previously mentioned.
  • Such agents may be present on the thread as the result of a prior chemical treatment, or with advantage, such chemical treating agents may be applied to the heated thread-helix and the thread then subjected to the washing or diluting action of the diverted heated fluids.
  • the washing or leaching-out action may be performed by the diverted condensate and steam at a plurality of locations on a single threadhelix, i. e., both before and after an application of a chemical treating agent to such threadhelix.
  • chemical treating agents such as sulfuric acid, desulfurizing or bleaching solutions that may be present on or applied to the thread, may be accomplished advantageously by s1ight1y tilting the thread-advancing device so that the condensate-wash liquid is permitted to flow along the thread-helix countercurrently of the advancing thread.
  • the emission of steam and water vapor in accordance with the present invention from the exterior surface of the heated thread-advancing device to the atmosphere surrounding the device performs still another very advantageous function.
  • substantial amounts of salting out takes place on the various mechanical parts and devices such as guides, etc. associated with, or .in the vicinity of, the thread-advancing devices.
  • the aqueous liquids discharged by the thread and by the rotating devices form salt crystals and deposits where they contact such mechanical parts. Such deposits in turn cause breaks inthe running thread.
  • the steam and water vapor present in the atmosphere surrounding the steam-heated advancing device condense into a mist which settles on and continuously wets out the associated parts referred to, thus avoiding or minimizing the damage caused by the salt deposits.
  • a threadadvancing device is employed having an enclosed. chamber into which the steam is introduced and advantageously circulated prior to diverting desired quantities of the condensate and steam to the exterior to the thread-helix.
  • the chamber walls of the advancing device are provided with circumferentially spaced peripheral openings so that the heated aqueous fluids can flow there through in generally predetermined quantities to selected areas of the reel periphery.
  • threadadvancing devices that may be employed in accordance with this invention are, generally, any that are adapted to advance thread in general helical turns of thread.
  • Particularly advantageous for the purpose of this invention are the devices on which the traveling yarn describes a helix which is almost circular such as, for example, a threadadvancing reel that operates on the principles disclosed in the Knebusch Patent No. 2,210,914 and in the Corey Patent No. 2,413,217 and of the type illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 of the drawing.
  • this type of thread-advancing reel consists of two reel members each having a periphery of a plurality of longitudinally extending bar members, and each reel member being mounted for rotation on axes that are offset and askew relative to each other.
  • the reel can have an enlarged chamber for condensing steam, or the reel shaft may comprise the condensing area.
  • the chamber is contained in one of the reel members and embodies a fluid tight cylindrical chamber positioned about a hollow reel shaft through which steam is conducted.
  • a plurality of openings extending to the atmosphere having diameters which permit a predetermined fiow of the heated aqueous fluid, e. g., steam condensate and steam to the periphery of the reel, These passages may be positioned circumferentially at a desired place along the length of the reel so as to provide for one or more hot aqueous fluid treating zones, e.
  • positions or zones may be after, before or both before and after, the point of application of a chemical treating agent, 'e. g., acid, desulfurizing, bleaching, etc. solutions.
  • a chemical treating agent e. g., acid, desulfurizing, bleaching, etc. solutions.
  • Figure l is a schematic end view of o'us process rayon spinning machine
  • Figure 2 is a cross-section of a thread processing ree1 of this invention.
  • Figure 3 is. a further modification in crosssection of a thread processing reel-of this invention.
  • FIG. l of the drawing there is shown in schematic arrangement a viscose spinning apparatus in which a viscose solution is es:- truded through a spinneret ll into a sulfuric acid coagulating bath Hi to form a rayon thread E2.
  • the thread 12 is withdrawn from the acid bath Ill by a reel l positioned above the bath.
  • the thread may be merely stored thereon while containing entrained acid bath liquor or, if desired, it may be treated with a dilute aqueous acid applied through the distributor tube it.
  • the thread l2, containing acid is forwarded by the reel 15 in a downward direction to reel 16 which a continusure within the reel,
  • the thread is subjected to a washing treatment followed by a dilute aqueous acid treatment to further its regeneration.
  • the washing treatment is performed as follows. A major part of the steam supplied through the hollow reel shaft 30 condenses within the reel and the condensate flows outwardly through peripheral openings 'in the reel to the reel surface, thus subjecting the advancing thread to a condensate-wash treatment.
  • the steam presbecause of the openings, is slightly above 'or nearly atmospheric, thus assisting the steam condensate formed in the reel to flow out to the reel surface together with the uncon'd'ensed steam.
  • the subsequent dilute acid treatment on the heated reel l5 may be accomplished by applying such acid through tube 2i, or a dilute acid condition can be formed on the thread-helix by diluting the acid present .on or entrained by the thread entering the reel .155.
  • the thread l2 discharged from the reel I6 is conducted to reel H which is heated by steam supplied through a hollow reel shaft 3
  • ' Reel l! is constructed in a manner similar to reel l6 so as to permit steam and condensate formed within the reel to be diverted to the thread-helix thereon.
  • a 'desulphurizing solution may be applied to the thread-helix on reel ll.
  • the thread-helix may be subjected to a condensate-wash treatment by means of condensate diverted from the interior of the reel in a manner similar to reel 15. Further, if desired, the desulp-hurizing treatment may be followed by still another condensatewash treatment on the same reel [1. Thread I2 discharged from reel I1 is conducted to reel. l8 and treated with a mild bleaching solution supplied by delivery tube 24 and the resulting bleachtreated thread then advanced to a wash zone provided by an aqueous washing liquid delivered by tube '25.
  • both the de'sulp-hurizing treatment and the bleaching treatment may be performed on thereel I? by applying such chemical agents in sequence through tubes 22 and 23.
  • an aqueous oil emulsion may be applied to the thread-helix on reel l8 by tube 25 following the bleaching treatment supplied by tube 24. In this manner the oil emulsion from tube 25 may serve the dual function of washing off residual bleach from thethread and also oiling the thread prior to drying on steamheated dryer reel 19;
  • the temperature of the heated aqueous fluids e. g., steam and steam condensate present within the reelor undergoing diversion to the reel surface is in the neighborhood of C.
  • the temperature of the treating liquid and advancing thread on the reel surface may vary depending upon a number of factors such as, for example, the quantity and rate of steam introduced into the reel; the quantity and rate of steam and steam condensate diverted to the thread-helix;the-size andnumber of the orifices employed to divert'the steam and condensate; and the volume and temperature of the treating liquids delivered to the thread-helix. It is found particularly advantageous, however, to adjust and to control such conditions so as to achieve thread treatment temperatures on the reel surface at above about 75 C. and preferably between about 80 and 100 0.
  • the steam pressure within the reel may be maintained from about atmospheric pressure to about pounds and preferably at about 1 or 2 pounds.
  • the treating liquids applied to the thread-helix advancing on the heated reel advantageously may be delivered at about room temperature at the rate of 15 to 100 cc. per minute from each delivery tube; the size of the orifices for the diversion of steam and steam condensate may range from about 3 inch to inch depending upon the location thereof and upon the total number thereof in the steam chamber of the reel; the above factors in turn being adjusted so that a major portion of the steam introduced into the reel is condensed on the thread-helix and before it contacts the threadhelix.
  • higher or lower thread treating temperatures may be achieved and greater or lesser quantities of condensate may be produced on and within the helix so as to provide whatever volume of condensate-wash is necessary to perform the amount of washing or diluting action desired.
  • FIG. 2 of the drawing The internal construction of the reels l6 or I! is generally shown in Figure 2 of the drawing.
  • a thread-advancing reel 16 advantageously comprisestwo reel members 36 and 3'! each having a periphery of a plurality of longitudinally extending bar members 39 and 40 respectively.
  • the bar members of the one are interleaved with those of the other.
  • Reel member 36 is secured to the tubular shaft 30 and sealed thereto by means of fluid tight seals 44 and 41 positioned in the end enclosing sections 43 and 46.
  • the seals 44, 41 are drawn fluid tight by the stud 48 turned into a thread bore in the solid front section 45 of the tubular shaft 30.
  • the rear seal 41 is compressed against the shaft by being forced against a collar 50 which abuts a shoulder 51 on the tubular shaft 30 and the front seal 44 is compressed against the shaft by the collar 49.
  • the reel member 31 also comprises a plurality of longitudinally extending bar members 40 which interdigitate with the bar members 390i the reel member 36.
  • the bar members 40 at their rearward portions merge into the flange 54 which i is secured to the reel member .31 supporting flange 55 by means of studs 56.
  • the supporting flange 55 is adapted to rotate on spacedbearings 51 (only one set being, shown) positioned about a sleeve 58 having an oifset and askew axis relative to the reel shaft.
  • the reel member 36 because it is secured to the shaft 30, drives the reel member 31.
  • the driving is through the gear 60 that is attached tothe end closure 45 by thstuds 5
  • the gear Wis in mesh with an annular gear '62 that is attached to the supporting flange 55 also by means of studs 64.
  • the hollow shaft 30 serves as a conduit for the steam.
  • the steam flows from the shaft within the reel through openings into a chamber-42 infthe reel member.
  • Passages H are provided in the peripheral walls of reel member 36 for the flow of steam condensate and steam to the thread members 'on the reel surface.
  • are bored of any desired size so that all of the steam introduced into the reel flows through them as condensate and steam.
  • the passages H open into the spaces betweenthe bar members of the reel member 36 which spaces are occupied by the interdigitating bar members 40.
  • Steam at a desired line pressure up to about 5 pounds is forced into the reel chamber 42 where at least a major portion condenses because of heat given up both to the reel and to the yarn and treating liquids thereon. In this manner a sufficient amount of condensate is provided for the various aqueous treatments of the thread passing over the reel.
  • condensate passages may advantageously be positioned in that part of the reel selected as the washing zone. If a flow of the condensate is desired over a greater number of thread turns, then a plurality of parallel circumferential openings can be provided so as to spread the condensate over a larger area.
  • , and the reel member 82 are similar in construction and function to the reel 36, 31 comprising reel l6 of Figure 2.
  • the following examples are more specifically illustrative of preferred methods for treating thread with heated aqueous liquids while such thread is being stored and advanced on steam heated processingreels. 1
  • Example I A thread formed of 150 denier. 40 filament viscose rayon is produced as follows. A viscose spinning solution containing about 6.5% sodium hydroxide and about 8% cellulose is prepared in the conventional manner. Upon being ripened to an index of approximately 4.5 (sodium chloride) the viscose is extruded through spinneret ll positioned in thecoagulating bath I0, bath I0 being maintained at about approximately 45 C.
  • sulfuric acid 22% sodium sulfate, 2% zinc sulfate, and 0.1% of a cation-active agent.
  • the spinning solution is extruded into this bath and the newly formed yarn i 4 is drawn from about 90 meters per minute by means .of the reel 15 on which the thread is stored and advanced while containing The thread [2, while still 1 in an incompletely regenerated state and while wet with the acidb'ath liquidlis then transferred from the reel 15 to reel 16 to which steam is meteredat about 4 pounds per hour. All of the reels I5, I 6, I! and i8 employed in this example are tilted upwardly about 5 at their unsupported ends.
  • the reel 16 asshown in Figure 2 of the drawing, is providedwith openings ll of about inches diameter between each pair of bars and located at substantiallythe flange or the supported end of the reel.
  • the reel IB is driven at a peripheral speed of about 108 meters per minute so as to stretch thethread about 20% between "reels l5 and 16..
  • the thread is initially:.wound on the reel .ata pointvahead of the openings 1
  • halites may be mentioned chlorous acids, etc. and the soluble alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof. Typical of these metal salts are sodium or potassium chlorite.
  • aqueous chlorite solutions having a pH less than about 9 and preferably between about 1 and 8 may be employed with advantage. They may have an available chlorine content between about 0.005% and 0.3% and pref erably between 0.05 and 0.1%.
  • oleaginous materials may, for example, consist of sulfonated aryl, long chain alkyl, or combination alkylaryl substituted compounds; solubilized amines or amides containing aryl or long chain alkyl radicals; highly polymerized ethylene oxide or long chain hydrocarbons modified with polyethylene oxide radicals, etc. It was found particularly advantageous to incorporate relatively small amounts of oleaginous materials with or without surface-active agents into the steam which is introduced into the thread-advancing reels. In this manner the oleaginous material becomes dispersed in the steam and condensate and is thereafter also diverted to the exterior reel surface and thread-helix.
  • the surface-active compounds may be employed to disperse or emulsify various thread lubricants or other oleaginous materials in the aqueous liquids applied to the advancing thread.
  • the thread lubricants may, for example, consist of mineral, vegetable or animal waxes and oils. Concentrations of the order of 0.01% to 4%, by weight, or greater of the lubricant in water may be employed with advantage.
  • the further treatment during this processing step comprising, continually heating the said helix while simultaneously substantially condensing the circulating steam inside the said helix, meanwhile continuously applying a treating liquid to a portion of said helix, continuously immediately radially passing said condensate as a wash to a subsequent portion of the said same helix.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US222009A 1951-04-20 1951-04-20 Method of after-treating viscose threads advancing in a helical path Expired - Lifetime US2652311A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE510793D BE510793A (zh) 1951-04-20
US222009A US2652311A (en) 1951-04-20 1951-04-20 Method of after-treating viscose threads advancing in a helical path
GB9770/52A GB716582A (en) 1951-04-20 1952-04-18 Method for the treatment of thread
FR1062504D FR1062504A (fr) 1951-04-20 1952-04-18 Procédé pour le traitement de fils
NL168870A NL80293C (zh) 1951-04-20 1952-04-18

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US222009A US2652311A (en) 1951-04-20 1951-04-20 Method of after-treating viscose threads advancing in a helical path

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US2652311A true US2652311A (en) 1953-09-15

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US222009A Expired - Lifetime US2652311A (en) 1951-04-20 1951-04-20 Method of after-treating viscose threads advancing in a helical path

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US (1) US2652311A (zh)
BE (1) BE510793A (zh)
FR (1) FR1062504A (zh)
GB (1) GB716582A (zh)
NL (1) NL80293C (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2748588A (en) * 1954-03-02 1956-06-05 Harry A Kuljian Reel for the fluid treatment of thread
US2898756A (en) * 1957-09-06 1959-08-11 Chemstrand Corp High speed washing and relaxing thread advancing storage reel

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2145281A (en) * 1935-02-18 1939-01-31 Ind Rayon Corp Processing reel
US2326150A (en) * 1940-07-29 1943-08-10 Ind Rayon Corp Manufacture of thread or the like
US2393595A (en) * 1941-02-06 1946-01-29 Courtaulds Ltd Manufacture of threads, filaments, and the like from viscose
US2468081A (en) * 1944-11-18 1949-04-26 American Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for treating filamentary material
US2533103A (en) * 1948-05-07 1950-12-05 Courtaulds Ltd Apparatus for the liquid treatment of threads

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2145281A (en) * 1935-02-18 1939-01-31 Ind Rayon Corp Processing reel
US2326150A (en) * 1940-07-29 1943-08-10 Ind Rayon Corp Manufacture of thread or the like
US2393595A (en) * 1941-02-06 1946-01-29 Courtaulds Ltd Manufacture of threads, filaments, and the like from viscose
US2468081A (en) * 1944-11-18 1949-04-26 American Viscose Corp Method and apparatus for treating filamentary material
US2533103A (en) * 1948-05-07 1950-12-05 Courtaulds Ltd Apparatus for the liquid treatment of threads

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2748588A (en) * 1954-03-02 1956-06-05 Harry A Kuljian Reel for the fluid treatment of thread
US2898756A (en) * 1957-09-06 1959-08-11 Chemstrand Corp High speed washing and relaxing thread advancing storage reel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1062504A (fr) 1954-04-23
NL80293C (zh) 1956-01-16
BE510793A (zh)
GB716582A (en) 1954-10-06

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