US2650541A - Fuze - Google Patents

Fuze Download PDF

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Publication number
US2650541A
US2650541A US95698A US9569849A US2650541A US 2650541 A US2650541 A US 2650541A US 95698 A US95698 A US 95698A US 9569849 A US9569849 A US 9569849A US 2650541 A US2650541 A US 2650541A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fuze
ramp
setting
setting elements
movable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US95698A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rosselet Jean
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/20—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin
    • F42C15/22—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin using centrifugal force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means
    • F42C15/26—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means using centrifugal force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/16—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/16—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/18—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition when the spin rate falls below a predetermined limit, e.g. a spring force being stronger than the locking action of a centrifugally-operated lock

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a controlling or actuating mechanism for fuzes of rotation projectiles.
  • the said mechanism is preferably utilised as a setting mechanism, and will be described as such.
  • movable elements are utilised, such as balls, cylinders, pistons, inertia masses, split rings, which, being displaced by centrifugal force, occasion either the liberation of a striker which is blocked when at rest, or the liberation of an intermediate member.
  • the fuze is set when percussion is possible.
  • the mechanism according to the present invention furnishes a delay to the setting, and thus provides a material security of trajectory.
  • the mechanism according to the invention is characterised by the feature that it comprises at least one movable setting element, which, under the impulse of centrifugal acceleration and retardation acceleration, traverses, by a rolling movement, a definite path on a first ramp, and then effects the setting in moving over a second ramp.
  • Figure 1 represents in axial section a first mechanism
  • Figure 2 is a cross section of the mechanism on the line II in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the operation of the mechanism
  • Figure 4 represents in section a detail of a mechanism
  • Figure 5 represents in axial section a projectile fuze comp-rising a mechanism according to the invention
  • Figure 6 is a cross section of the mechanism on the line IIII in Figure 5;
  • Figure '7 is a cross section of the fuze on the line IIIIII in Figure 5; and.
  • Figure 8 represents in perspective an element of the mechanism.
  • the mechanism illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 comprises a body I containing an inertia mass 2/4 of generally cylindrical form, guided in the body I and in a cover 3.
  • the lower part i of the inertia mass 2/4 is formed with two diametral slots 5 and 6 ( Figure 2), serving to accommodate four movable setting elements I, consisting of cylindrical discs rolling upon their edges or lateral surfaces.
  • the inertia mass 2/4 is maintained in a position of rest by a ring or segment 8 similarmining the path of the movable setting elements l, which move upon the said ramps.
  • the inertia mass 2 is urged downwards by a force l5, for instance by a spring, not shown.
  • the mechanism described is assumed to be mounted in the axis of a gyration fuze, the nose of the fuze being directed upwards.
  • the movable setting elements While then ascending the second ramp I0, the movable setting elements raise the inertia mass 2/4 against the action of the force I 5.
  • the movable setting elements I then occupy positions such as that of the element It represented in dotted lines in Figure l, and the inertia mass has risen to the extent represented by the distance ll.
  • the raising of the inertia mass may effect the setting of the fuze either directly or indirectly, or may effect any desired operation.
  • the ascent of the movable setting elements '0 along the ramp 9 is a function of the following magnitudes:
  • the slope of the angle of inclination of the first ramp that is to say, the n le that th first ramp makes with the axi of the fuze.
  • the angle 18 that the first ramp 9 makes with the axis E9 of the fuze is illustrated in Figure 3. As the movable setting elements '1? roll up the first and second ramps, the centre of the element traverses the path represented by the dot-anddash line 25.
  • the coefiicient of rolling friction is very small, and may be about 0.0005 to 0.001.
  • the retardation acceleration is in general small in comparison with the centrifugal acceleration, but owing to the coemcient of rolling friction being small, the rolling movement of the elements is possible when the angle it, that is, the inclination of the first ramp to the axis of the fuze, is only a few degrees.
  • the mechanism will be so dimensioned that the axial acceleration i I will always be greater than the centrifugal acceleration l2, so that even in the case of firing below the horizon the movable setting elements will be urged, upon discharge of the shell, towards their initial position 2 l, on the base of the body I.
  • the angle of inclination it of the first ramp may have a value of only a few degrees. In practice this angle will be less than 5 degrees, and may even be less than 3 degrees. eration i3 is great enough in comparison with the centrifugal acceleration l2.
  • the angle of inclination l8 will be chosen at the minimum value that. will furnish maximum security of trajectory, but will at the same time be sufficient for the operation of the mechanism to be certain,
  • the mechanism described comprises setting elements which are displaced over the first ramp by a rolling motion.
  • the mechanism according to the invention will therefore furnish securities of trajectory having very little dispersion, or in other words very great regularity of operation, whether the surfaces upon which the movable setting elements 1 roll, or the surfaces of the first ramp 9, are dry or lubricated.
  • the angle of inclinationof the beginning of the ramp should be greater than a predetermined minimum, so that the movable setting elements 1 may be able to start their journey.
  • the transition from the first ramp to the second may either be effected by an angle 25, or may comprise a rounding.
  • the slope of the second ramp is greater than 12 degrees.
  • the inertia mass 36/3! is urged downwards by a helical spring 48. It is held in its idle position by a spring ring 49 split like a piston ring.
  • is closed at the top by a sealing disc 50 and at its bottom or rear end by a plug 32 axially perforated for the passage of, the firing pin 35 of a striker ti/SE.
  • This plug provided with the usual recess for a primer, is formed on its upper face, around its axial perforation, with a cup 33 in which are lodged, at rest, locking balls 34.
  • the striker 35/6! is provided with a bearing
  • the inertia mass 36/3? has collar 6
  • is coaxially fastened to the fuze body 3
  • the inner cross section of this ring increases from its rear end, near the collar 6
  • comprises at its fore end a conically shaped working surface 43 the slope of which is much greater than that of the rolling race 42 with respect to the axis of the fuze.
  • movable setting elements 43 consisting of circular fiat discs are laterally guided by their fiat opposite faces in the radial slots 33-33 and are supported, at rest, by the bearing collar 6
  • the discs 40 are adapted to roll by their edges on the conical race 42, owing to the combined action of the centrifugal force and a force due to axial retardation of the fuze after leaving the muzzle at firing.
  • the whole axial length of the resting legs 63 and of the rolling race 42 on the one hand, the arrangement of the working conical surface 43 with respect to the bottom 93 of each radial slot 38/39 and the diameter of said discs 40 on the other hand, are determined in view of getting the desired delay period as will be hereinafter explained.
  • the fuze described operates in the following manner: when at rest, the parts take the positions represented in Figure 5.
  • the striker 35/6l is locked by the balls 34 and cannot effect the percussion.
  • the movable parts Upon discharge of the shell the movable parts are urged rearwards on account of the acceleration of the projectile, particularly the discs 40 which are strongly applied against the collar 6
  • the spring ring 49 opens out and releases the inertia mass 36/31.
  • the setting is achieved only by the 6 movable setting elements 40. However, it may be assisted for a reduced proportion, as soon as the inertia mas 36/31 begins to move, by the locking balls 34 acting upon the rear end of the resting legs 60, but the balls 34 alone cannot effect the setting of the fuze.
  • the fuze being set, it functions as a percussion fuze, any encounter with an obstacle causing the destruction of the disc 53, the displacement of the push-piece 41 downwards, and the forcing of the striker 35 against the primer, not shown.
  • the movable setting elements 40 are maintained in a position of equilibrium upon the second ramp 43 by centrifugal force, against the thrust of the spring 48.
  • centrifugal acceleration By the retardation of the projectile upon its trajectory its speed of revolution is diminished, the centrifugal acceleration likewise diminishes, and the centrifugal force acting upon the movable setting elements 42 decreases.
  • the spring 48 When its axial component reaches a value less than the force of the spring 48, the spring 48 impels the inertia mass 33/37 which effects the percussion and occasions the autodestruction of the projectile upon its trajectory.
  • the movable setting elements 40 of the fuze' described likewise serve as movable elements for auto-destruction.
  • Cylindrical discs rolling upon their edges or lateral surfaces have an important advantage over balls for example.
  • the first ramp consists of a frusto-conical surface, the generatrix of which forms an angle of a few degrees with the axis of the cone.
  • the radius of curvature of the cone increases in the direction of rolling of the movable setting elements.
  • cylindrical discs will be utilised in which the profile of the convex lateral surface has a radius of curvature equal to the minimum radius of curvature of the cone forming the first ramp.
  • Such a disc is illustrated at 40 in Figure 6.
  • the profile of its convex lateral surface 53 has a radius of curvature equal to the minimum radius of curvature of the cone forming the first ramp.
  • the increase in the area of contact surface increases the security of operation, enables the slope of the first ramp to be diminished, and thus procures a greater security of trajectory.
  • a mechanism for delayed setting of a fuze in rotating projectiles comprising: a fuze body; a setting mass axially slidable in said body and having an axial bore; said setting mass comprising a slotted rear portion having a plurality of radial slots, the bottom of each slot forming an abutment on said setting mass; spring means in said body for urging said mass backwards; a plug in the rear of said body and having an axial hole and a recess; a primer in said recess; a striker guided in said axial bore and in said axial hole; a transverse collar on said striker, said collar supporting said setting mass at rest;
  • a ring coaxial with said striker inside said body around said slotted rear portion and forward of said collar; the inner diameter of said ring increasing from its rear end to its fore end, the inner surface of said ring forming a rear conical rolling race of small angular slope with respect to the axis of the fuze and a fore conical surface of relatively greater angular slope; movable fuze setting elements having surfaces of revolution disposed and guided in said radial slots forward of said collar; said inner surface of said ring forming a rolling track for said setting elements, said setting elements abutting the fore surface of said collar during the initial rotation of said fuze; said rear conical race of the ring and said slotted rear portion having axial lengths greater than the diameter of said setting elements; said setting elements being freely movable on said rear conical rolling race, forward of said collar, for a predetermined time under the combined action of the centrifugal force upon accelerated gyration of the fuze and of their own inertia; said setting elements
  • locking means rearward of said collar for holding said striker away from said primer before the setting of the fuze; said locking means and said setting elements being constructed and adapted to cooperate to release said collar, said striker and said setting mass by escape from said collar and from said abutments respectively only upon the action of said setting elements on said setting mass.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
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US95698A 1948-05-28 1949-05-27 Fuze Expired - Lifetime US2650541A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2650541X 1948-05-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2650541A true US2650541A (en) 1953-09-01

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US95698A Expired - Lifetime US2650541A (en) 1948-05-28 1949-05-27 Fuze

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US2650541A (xx)
BE (1) BE488825A (xx)
CH (1) CH279334A (xx)
FR (1) FR989525A (xx)
GB (1) GB677901A (xx)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2949856A (en) * 1956-01-24 1960-08-23 Nl Machf Artillerie Inrichteng Fuzes having a self-destructive action
US3033115A (en) * 1958-06-12 1962-05-08 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Nose fuzes of the percussion type including a self-destruction device
US3112704A (en) * 1960-12-23 1963-12-03 Rheinmetall Gmbh Self-destroying fuze for a spinning projectile
US4991510A (en) * 1988-08-16 1991-02-12 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jurgen Diederichs Impact fuse having fore-bore safety
CN107261349A (zh) * 2017-08-11 2017-10-20 刘雪娜 一种用于缓降器的自锁控制装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2449264A1 (fr) * 1979-02-16 1980-09-12 Haut Rhin Manufacture Machines Verrouillage du percuteur d'une fusee de culot pour projectile explosif

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR43453E (fr) * 1931-01-24 1934-06-07 Fusée à retard mécanique pour projectiles à giration
FR859089A (fr) * 1939-08-17 1940-12-10 Fusée autodestructrice à frein centrifuge

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR43453E (fr) * 1931-01-24 1934-06-07 Fusée à retard mécanique pour projectiles à giration
FR859089A (fr) * 1939-08-17 1940-12-10 Fusée autodestructrice à frein centrifuge

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2949856A (en) * 1956-01-24 1960-08-23 Nl Machf Artillerie Inrichteng Fuzes having a self-destructive action
US3033115A (en) * 1958-06-12 1962-05-08 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Nose fuzes of the percussion type including a self-destruction device
US3112704A (en) * 1960-12-23 1963-12-03 Rheinmetall Gmbh Self-destroying fuze for a spinning projectile
US4991510A (en) * 1988-08-16 1991-02-12 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jurgen Diederichs Impact fuse having fore-bore safety
CN107261349A (zh) * 2017-08-11 2017-10-20 刘雪娜 一种用于缓降器的自锁控制装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB677901A (xx)
BE488825A (xx) 1949-05-28
CH279334A (fr) 1951-11-30
FR989525A (fr) 1951-09-17

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