US264816A - Power-hammer - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 1.

PA.BBAUDRY.

POWER HAMMER.

No. 264,816. Patented Sept. 19., 1882.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

.t A.BBAUDRY. I :POWER HAMMER.

No. 264,816. Patented Sept. 19, 1882.

' l UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.,

ALEXANDER BEAUDRY, OF BOSTON, ASSIGNOR TO AUGUSTINE BEAUDRY, OF` EAST BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

POWER-HAMMER.

SPECIFICATION forming `part of Letters Patent No. 264,816, dated September 19, 1882.

Application tiled October 15, 1881. (No model.)

' To all uliom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER BEAUDRY, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Bos tou, in the county ot' Suffolk and State of Massach usetts. have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Power-Hammers-; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription ot' the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to 1o which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drav`vings, and to letters or igures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specitication.

These improvements are basedupon `a class ot power-hammers in which the hammer-head is guided by vertical ways and moves in vertical reciprocations by the action of a rigid horizontal beam pivoted to it by a suitable conzo necting-rod, the rear end ot' such beam being pivoted to the rear of the machineframe and operated by a crank-shaft connected with it by a rod situated between the hammer-head and the pivot ot' the beam. i

This invention consists mainly in combining two pairs of springs with a power-hammer, its beam, and a pitmau or connecting-rod, one pair of springs serving to lessen the shock of the hammer and to make its blow more forci-u 3o blc and elastic, .and the other pair ot' springs serving to give additional impulse to the hammer at the end of the downward stroke and to accelerate the beginning of the upward stroke, as set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a vertical section from front to rear through a machine embodying my invention Fig. 2, a front elevation of the same, and Fig. 3 a detail view of a modified form ot' beam with 4o attached parts.

Reference .being had to 'the above-named drawings,it will be seen thatArepresents the frame ofthe machine,`the same being composed of a bed-plate or base, B, and upright side standards or housings, G C, the latter being united. at their upper ends to form a head, D,the opposite sides ot' which constitute ways or guides a u to guide the motions of the hammer-head.

E represents they hammer-head as playing 5o vertically within the guides a a.

F represents the anvil; G, therodconnei ting the hammer-head with the front end of the horizontal driviug-beain, which is shown at H, such beam being disposed at the extreme upper part ot' the machine-frame and pivoted at its rear end to the rear part of such frame by a pivot, b. y

The crank-driving shaft is shown at I as mounted horizontally in suitable bearings in 6o the rear part of the machine-frame, such shaft being putin motion by a pulley, c, secured to one end ot said shaft, about which and adriving-pnlley an endless band, d, travels.

J represents a friction-pulley, mounted within the upper end ot' a vibratory bar, K, which is secured at its lower end rigidly to a horizontal rock-shaft, L, journaled at the lower rear part ot the machine-frame, while A represents a yoke-shaped treadle passing about 7o the anvil and secured rigidly at its rear part to the said shaft L. The operatorbears down with one foot upon the treadle, thus tightening the belt d against the pulley cand putting the latter and the crankshaft Iin rotation and the hammer in motion, the strength ot' theblow exerted by the latter beingr governed by the extent to which the belt is tightened.

'N represents the rod connecting the crank c ot' the'shaft I with the beam H. 8o

The abovecoustitute the elem en tary features of power-hammers now generally in use combined with my improvements.

In carrying out my improvements I proceed as follows: lhe body ot' the connectingvrod N 85 is a straight tube,f, connected at its lower end to the box g, Which-surrounds the crank, by a screw-connection, h, in order that the height of the hammer-head with respect to the anvil may be varied or adjusted. The upper cou- 9o nection ot' the rod N with the beam is a rod,

t', the upper end of which is swiveled to the beam,vwhile its lower end carries a piston or plunge-nj, which closely tits the bore of the `tube f, and is situated about centrally ot' such 9.5

tube. A tubular screw-cap, la, covers the mouth of the tube f, and, while permitting the pasmsage of the rod t', serves as a resistance to a coiled spring or other elastic material, Z, which is contained within the upper part of said tube, and exerts its stress between the cap 7c and the plunger j of the rod t. A second coiled spring or other elastic materi-al, m, is pl-aced in the lower part ofthe tubef, and exerts its stress between the bottom of said tube and the plungerj. at its upper part, as shown at n, to receive a piston or plunger, 0, secured to the lower end of the rod G, such piston being disposed about midway of said chamber u, and the mouth of the latter being closed by a tubular screw-cap, p, through the bore ot' which said rod G passes, ,this screw-cap serving as an abutment to a coiled spring or other elastic material, q, which is disposed within the upper part ot' the chamber n, and exerts its functions between said cap and the piston o. A second coiled spring or other elastic material, t", is disposed within the lower part of the chamber n, and exerts its effort between the bottom of said chamber and the piston o. As the crank cascends and passes its highest point the hammer-head continues to risc by its momentum until arrested by the contraction of the spring l, which spring` stores the power thus exerted during the descent ot' the hammer until the crank @passes its lowest point, when, by its sudden reaction, it accelerates the drop of the hammer beyond the speed ot' the crank, and thus greatly increases the force of the blow delivered. The functions ot' the spring m are, rst, to sustain the weight of the hammer, and, second, as the hammer nears the end of its descent to yield, while the hammer continues to descend after the crank c has reached its lowest point, and by its sudden reaction to lift the hammer instantly and faster for that instant than could be effected by the crank, thus imparting a wonderful elasticity to the blow, on account ot which the heat is much longer retained in the metal being worked, and much ofthe danger of disintegration from abrasion is avoided,'while both springs Z and 'm serve in a measure to relieve the parts from shocks and strains incident to` the working ot' the machine. lrIhe springs q and r operate in manner similar to the springs lm, and in a measure aid to impart a more powerful and elastic blow by the hammer, but serve chietiy to relieve the adjacent parts of the frame and driving mechanism from the shocks and strains incident to the working ot' the machine.

The hammer-head E is chambered l A brake is to be added to the shaft L, and so arrangedwith respect to the pulley c and treadle A that when such treadle is lowered by the foot of the workman in the actot starting the hammer the brake is removed from contact with a balance-wheel carried by the shaft I, and as the workman removes his foot from the treadle the brake, b vits own weight, drops into contact with the ity-wheel and instantly arrests themotions of the hammer.

In lieu of the piston or head secured to the lower ends ot' the rods G and t' as abutments for the springs l m q r, one or more pins may be passedhorizontally through each rod to bear upon the springs. I prefer a circular head or piston, as it constitutes an effective guide to the lower end ot' the rod and as a tirm and ample bearing for the springs.

In some styles of hammers I propose to employ, in lieu ot' the rigid beam H, a curved elastic one ot' the form shown in Fig. 3 ofthe accom panying drawings. This spring is shown at S as U-shaped, with its lower arm, V, secured to the extreme rear part of the housings C, and with its upper and longer arm, W, extending forward over the hammer-frame, and connected at its front end with the upper end of the rod G, before named. This spring or elastic arm S aids in imparting an elastic blow to the hammer.

I claim- 1. In combination with pivoted beam H, hammer E, rod G, anda pitman constructed in two parts, the springs q and i and the springs l and m, said springs operating respectively on the hammer and on the pitnian, substantially as set forth.

2. In combination with beam H, hammer E, recessed as shown, rod G, working in said recess, and pitman N, consisting of an upper solid part and alower hollow part, the springs q and r, arranged respectively above and below the piston of rod G, the cap p, which contines them in place, the springs l and m, similarly arranged with respect to the piston of pitman N, cap k, which confines the latter springs in place, and the driving-wheel, wrist-pin, and guides, all substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALEXANDER BEAUDRY.

Witnesses: l

H. E. LODGE, F. CURTIS.

IOO

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