US2646598A - Fur blowing and mixing - Google Patents

Description

y 1953 J. E. KANE FUR BLOWING AND MIXING 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 29, 1949 lNvEN l'oR John E. Kane BY @flu'w fll'li.

PM ATTORNEYS July 28, 1953 J. E. KANE FUR BLOWING AND MIXING 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 29. 1949 Hiiiiz,

INVENTOR John E. Kane ATTQRNEYS y 1953 J. E. KANE 2,646,598

FUR BLOWING AND MIXING Filed March 29. 1949 7 5 Sheets-Sheet s n a 2% m |NVENTOR 50k, Kane 3% r 0 ATTORNEYS July 28, 1953 J. E. KANE 2,646,598

FUR BLOWING AND MIXING Filed March 29. 1949 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 j-TQ. 47

INVENTOR John Effane BY am @jwl' ATTORNEYS July 28, 1953 J. E. KANE 2,646,593

FUR BLOWING AND MIXING Filed March 29, 1949 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 =5 M IlnlE m m f H NW), WI MW n u |I Em: w m m w% E: E v Y w INVENTOR hn E. Kane QM ATTORNEYS lZO IZZZ

Patented July 28, 1953;

John E. Kane, Danbury, Conng assigndr' to The Frank H. Lee Company, Danbury,"Con'n.

Application March29, 1949, Serial 'No: 84,130 I 11 Claims.

1 v This invention relates broadly to the mixmg of fibers and to the manufacture of felt hats, and

more in particular, it relates to blowing and mixing fur fibers or the like.

The term fur is used herein in its broadest sense-as understood in the hat making art as including carroted fur fibers as'well as other fibers which are mixed therewith.

An'object of this invention is to provide-for thoroughly dependable and uniform blowing and mixing of different fibers which may vary in type.

or kind, size and felting and other characteris-' tics, with the action being such as to produce an improved result. A further object is to provide for the blowing and mixing of furs of different kinds so as to'produce a homogeneous mixture which can be made into felt hats. A further ob ject is to improve the procedure of handling fur in the manufacture of hats'so as to avoid certain difliculties which have been encountered in the past. A still further objectis to provide for the proper mixing of such fur with minimum handling and with minimum damage to the fur. An-

other object is to provide apparatus which will" accomplish the above and-yet which is simple and sturdy in construction and'inexpensive to build,

operate and'maintain. These and other objects are in part obvious and in part pointed out below.

The invention accordingly consists inthe fea tures of construction, combinations of elements, arrangements of parts and in-several steps and relation and order of each of the same to one or more ofthe others, all as'will be illustratively described herein,and the scope of the applica-" tion-of which'will be indicated in'th'e'following claims.

In the drawings in which is shown one illustrative embodiment of the invention:

Figure l is a somewhat schematic diagram rep-v resenting a system for blowing and mixingf-ur' which is a part of a system for making felt hats; Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of Figure '1 with parts broken away;

Figure 3 is a top plan view of the fur bin" or box of Figures 1 and 2;

Figure 4 is an end elevation of the mechanism shown in Figure 2, as viewed from the right side thereof.

Figure 5 is an enlarged View with parts bro'-' ken away of a portion of the feed mechanism as shown in Figure 2;

Figure 6 is'an enlarged view with-partsbroken away of a portion of the feed mechanism, as

shown in Figure 4; and,

Figure 7 is a schematic wiring diagram of the feed arrangement of Figures 2 to 6.

2 In the manufacture of felt hats'it is desirable to use a mixture of difierent types of fur which vary widely in regard to tensile strength, felting characteristics etc; For example, in mixingfur to make a specific typeof felt hats, as many as twentydifierent types or kinds of fur may be selected some of which are extremely good in felting-characteristics, and others of which act as filler or merely add-body to thefelt hat when completed It is of course desirable to mix the different furs together with absolute uniformity so that the desirable characteristics of each kind of fur will-be utilized and so that the felt produced will beef uniformcharacteristics. In the past-the mixing of fur has involved considerable manual handling .and ithas been dificult-at times to obtain a proper'mixture 'of the fur. without: excessive workin and without damage:

to the fur. Furthermore, the prior modes of mixing have involved-a great-lack of uniformity, and therehas; been loss-of much'valuablefur.- It is among the objects of thisinvention to avoid these and similar difiiculties which 'havebeenencountered-in the past;

In the illustrative-embodiment of the.inven-' tion; the fur is handled in such'a Way as to insure absolutely uniformity inthe mixing operation' with the- .result that a uniform'mixture is produced with minimum'mixing action. Thus, the hats produced are of uniformly high quality,

and the high-priced furs which are responsible for the production of a tight felt may be used sparingly without danger of producing inferior hats. 4

Referring particularly to Figure 1 of the drawings, there'is'sh-own at the left a conical mixer 2 which has an opening- 4 into which relatively small quantities of various types of fur are fed. Mixer 2 separatesand mixes the fibers of the fur and blows it ent'rained'ina streamof air through a chute fi'upwardly into the top of a mix ing chamber 8. "The lower portion'of chamber 8 is formed'by'a-rectangular section 9 and the top 7 is closed byva semi-cylindrical screen ma en-' closed by a cover Mb. An exhaust duct (not shown) is attached to the cover lOb to carry off air and dust. Screened windows l2 in the cover lfib' 'permitaccess' into and inspection of'the chamber 8; Thus, chamberli is of rectangular horizontal section, and in its lower portion there is a large-rectangular op'en 'toppe'd bin Mwhich fits snugly within the chamber with-its sides adjacent the side walls 'of chamber section 9. The arrangement is such that the fur from chute 6 loses its velocity in the top of the chamber and settles with uniform horizontal distribution into bin (4. Chamber portion 9 has a pair of sliding side doors I I which may be moved up for the removal of bin 14 and the bin is supported on casters [6 so that it may be moved easily. Therefore, after a sufficient quantity of fur has been deposited in the bin the conical mixer is stopped, the side doors II are raised and bin I4 is rolled from chamber 8.

It has been pointed out above that different kinds of fur are fed to the conical mixer in rela-v tively small quantities. Therefore, the fur settles into the bin in strata which are fairly uniform, the bin then containing a stratified body of fur with the strata extendinghorizontally. During the next step in the operation the fur is removed from the end of the box in vertical strata or sections and it should be noted that each vertical stratum or section contains a section of each of the horizontal strata, i. e., a portion of each type of fur. The arrangement is such that thin vertical strata or sections are removed, and therefore very small quantities of the fur contain proportional quantities of each type of fur which is fed to the conical mixer.

As indicated above, bin M is mounted on casters l and has two side wall structures 20 and 22 (Figure 3), a left-hand fixed end wall 24, and a right-hand removable end wall 26. This righthand end of the bin is referred to as the feed end of the bin, and wall 2-6 is loosely held at its side edges in two channels 28 so that it may be removed by sliding it upwardly and this exposes the end of the body of fur in the bin. Adjacent the fixed end wall 24 is a movable end wall 38 which is held in a vertical position but is adapted to move from the position shown to substantially the position normally occupied by the removable end wall 26.

The mounting structure for movable wall 38 includes two vertically spaced parallel shafts 34 (Figures 2 and 3) each of which extends through asleeve 2! (Figure 2) fixed to the left-hand side of the movable wall 39. Each of the side wall structures 26 and 22 of the bin has a frame formed of angle bars and including two pair of spaced parallel angle bars which act as rails, there being an upper set of angle bars 23 and 25 (Figure 2) with an upper horizontal opening 3| therebetween, and a lower set of angle bars 2'! and 29 with a lower identical opening 33 therebetween. The two ends of the upper shaft 34 extend through the two openings 3| and the two ends of the lower shaft 34 extend through the two openings 33, and mounted on each of the shafts within each of the openings is a roller 32 which is adapted to ride along between its two angle bars.

Extending between and mounted on the ends of the angle bars at each side of the bin is a vertical bar 35, and extending along each of these bars is a coil spring 35. The coil springs have integral loops at their ends which fit into grooves in shafts 34, and. the springs are under tension so as to urge the shafts toward each other. Thus, the upper shaft 34 is pulled downwardly so that its rollers 32 ride on the lower rails 25, and the lower shaft 34 is urged upwardly so that its rollers ride on the upper rails 27. In this way wall 36 is firmly supported in its upright position, but the mounting is sufficiently resilient to provide for free movement of the wall without danger of becoming jammed due to canting.

Two or more bins l4 (Figure 1) are provided so that when one bin is filled with a body of fur it is removed from chamber 8 and is replaced with another bin. In Figure 1 a second bin I4 is shown which has therein a Stratified body of fur. This bin It is positioned with its end wall corresponding to the wall 26 (Figure 3) removed and with the body of fur at its right-hand feed end abutting the upwardly moving run of the feed apron ll (Figures 1 and 2) of a feed mechanism I8. Feed mechanism l8 of this embodiment is of the type disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 2,362,315 of Paul Schultze, assigned to Doran Bros, Inc. of Danbury, Connecticut. This feed mechanism is here described sufficiently to fully understand the operation and reference may be had to that patent for a more detailed discussion thereof,

Feed mechanism It (Figures 1 and 2) has its apron ll mounted at the top on a fixed roller 31 and at the bottom on an adjusting roller 39 (Figure 2) which is carried by an adjusting mechanism H having an eye bolt 43 and a nut 45 which may be turned to tighten or loosen the apron. The apron is driven through roller 3'? by an electric motor 41 (Figure 4) mechanically connected thereto by a pair of pulleys and a belt 49. Apron H is formed by a plurality of slats 5! (Figure 2) mounted on a flexible sheet and each carrying a row of pins 53 which are in vertical alignment. Extending upwardly between the rows of pins on the upwardly moving run of apron I! (Figures 2v and 4) are stationary rods 55 in which are mounted horizontal pins 51 (Figure 2) which project beyond the ends of the pins 53 carried by apron ll.

During its upward movement the pins on the apron gather fur to form an even layer, but the stationary pins 5'! project into the body of fur so as to prevent a general movement of the for upwardly. In this way the apron carries an even layer of fur upwardly without disturbing the main body of fur. Therefore, with bin (4' positioned in abutting relationship with the feed mechanism l8, and with movable wall 33 pressing the body of fur against the feed apron ll, the feed apron picks from the end wall of the body of fur successive thin vertical layers or sections of the body of fur which are transverse to the horizontal strata of the various types of fur. It has been pointed out that these horizontal strata of the various types of fur are substantially even and therefore, apron i1 picks up varying amounts of the different types of fur in substantially the proportions which they represent in the entire body of fur. Thus the apron delivers a continuous layer of fur which represents in cross section each of the types of fur in substantially the proportions desired in the final mixture.

The layer of fur is picked from apron I! by a picker Ml (Figure 2), and the fur falls downwardly within a hood 52 onto an endless feed apron 45 (Figurel). andfurther mixing action so that a loose, wellmixed layer of fur is deposited onto apron 44. At the right-hand end of apron 44 this layer of fur passes beneath a roller 48 to a pair of feed rollers which feed the fur to a cylindrical mixer 50. Mixer 58 rotates counterclockwise and picks the fur apart again and directs it entrained in a fastmoving stream of air upwardly through a chute 52 into a large mixing chamber 54 which has suction means to carry off the dust and air and windows 56 for inspection. The fur falls in an even layer onto an endless feed apron 58. At the right-hand end of apron 58 the fur passes beneath a roller 60 and thence between a pair of feed rollers to a second cylindrical mixer 64.

Mixer 64 is similar to mixer 50 and picks, mixes This produces a picking is ready for further blowing and depositingdnto bats to form hat'bodies; Themech-anism for removing the fur .fromibin 72 is not vshown;.but it is identical with feedimechanismfll;

As indicated above, movable wall 398(Fig11re 3y is moved toward the feed'endo'f the binzto :move 151 the stratified bodylof .fu'r against-x'the'apron' II; The mechanism for moving wall 3-Il' inr-thi tmanner includes a pair of sprocket chains Hand-I6 which are attached at their l-efthan'd ends-respectively '(Figure 2) to bars 35. "The attachment between each chain'and its bar. is by a rectangularfilink I8 on the end of the chain which is received in a slot 89 in aniear' 82 on the bar The right-handend of each of these chains (Fig-.

ure 3) extends over a sprocketwheelll imounted 25- on and keyed to a shaft .SG WhiCh is journaled in-the frame of the feed mechanism I8. Also keyed to shaft 83 is 'a large .gear' wheel 88-which meshes with a small gear ti): (Figure 5) keyed to a shaft 92. Shaft 9-2 .alsohas keyed to it a so ratchet wheel 9 and=is iournaled in theframe of feed mechanism I8 (Figure 6).-

R-atchet wheel 94'is adapted to lie-rotated counterclockwise (Figure 5) by. an operating arm 96 which is journaled to rock. free onshaft' 9-2 and 351;

has a free end portion ilfl'coverhanging theperiphery of wheelte; Portion ild'has a recess-in which is rockably mounted a dog I00 which is urged toward ratchet-wheel'9'4' byia leaf spring- I52. gaged by holding dog I84;1-Wl1ich is pivoted'by a bracket on the frame'of 'theieed mechanism I8, and is gravity-urged toward thew-wheel; The ratchet teeth are cut as shown'topermit only counterclockwise rotation of wheel-94 except when do IE4 is lifted. The extreme 'end'of arm 96 is connected by a pin I66 to a piston mama which is connected to a piston II I of 1a fluid motor in the form of an air cylinder unit I .10. -Unit' I II) has a cylinder I I2 rockalbly mounted'at'its upper 5O endby a bolt H4 to'the frame of the machine, and air is suppliedto. cylinder- II2' through: a flexible hose H6 which is connected through apipe II! to a control valve =iI8.. Air. is supplied to valve I Hi from a pipe IZIl which 'has'a gauge I22 connected thereto. The" air -.pressurein pipe I28 is maintained constantiby a pressure, reduction valve I24 whichis'conn'ected to a source: of compressed air through a pipe I26.

Operating arm 96 carriesa control arm 128' which has a substantially horizontal extension: I38" (Figure 6); A sub'stantiallyivertical:armI'I31f: (Figures 5 and 6) extends fromthe end of= the horizontal extension I Stand carries a pair of adjustable stud bolts I32 and-I34. The end of:

boltl 32 swingsinto engag'ement with' a normallyopen switch I3S (-Figure5)--When the piston4 II of unit H8 and arm Sd'move'to-the' extreme up-- ward position shown; andwhen the'pist'oh III moves down so that operatin'gamitfi -sWingS Unit I-I0 has a coil-springlnot'shown) which The ratchet teeth of wheel 94- are also en- 40- pressure:

urges sits piston: 11 I1 toward the topof cylinder I IZ and: the "piston is moved: downwardly when a-irvis supplied toltheitop 'of theicylinder through? hose H6. The movement ofcthe-"piston down r wardly acts throughipiston'rrod I 08 (Figure-5) to rotate operatingarm 59'6": counterclockwise, and. due to' itheiengagement by dogzl'll II; ratchet wheel 94 rotates counterclockwise: along with the operairingv :arm. a Thus, when? :underpressure is supplied to *cylixiderwl l2; unit I I0 rotates ratchet wheel 94 counterclockwise-through: a predeter mined are; 1 Then; when thewair is released, the spring. of unit-"I I 0: urges' theipiston II -I back up andicarriesatheispistoni rod :and:arm Q'Bc'back to the Ipositions-shown. During the rcounter'clock wise movement of ratchet wheel 94: dog I04 rides: overthe: ratchet teeth and does: not interfere" with' the. free movementvof' the .wheel'; butzdur ing the: return movement of the elements; Ldog- I04 prevents ratchet wheel'-94'irom turning clockwise; andthereforddog I-Mirides over the ratchet teeth? Thus, by'supplying intermittentlyzto cylinder 1 I2 there is .a progressive. stepeby -step feeding: movement; transmitted to ratchet wheel 94; This -=movement is'ini'turn transmitted through shaft I92 and 1 through gearsiBII "and tfl with r a suitable :reductioniand reversal to I shaft 86; whichi-is thus rotated'clockwlse withia greatly. reduced step 'by -step movements: Ihis clockwise movement is eflective through sprocket wheel" 84' I to draw: chains "ld' an'd 16': (Figures 2'a'nd '3lto' thief-right; and; as pointed. out above; this carries movable wall Sllto the rightt-and presses-the body oifur' againsts apron '11. Ask apron-r11: carries. away" successive-vertical: sections: of thebody-"of fur. the J remainder of thembody:w of furis rmovedf toward'the apron by this ieedingactio'n: Aswilli be: explaincd more fully below; this particular manner of feed has outstanding advantages.

The electrical circuit for' the I feed 5 mechanism is shown schematically Figure 7. Switches I3 6*and I.38':are each connected atone side to a line I40;.-and:the:other 1ine"-I42-'is connected to one side of the ?valve=operating solenoid I44 and a'relayisol'enoid I46; Solenoids 'I44and I46 are each connected to the other'side' of switch I36 aml the switch IdBof solenoid I46 is connected at one' side'to switch- I38 andat'the other side to the two solenoids. Thus; assuming that switch" I36 is momentarily closed/a circuit is completedwhich energizes the solenoids with 'the'result that valveI I8 (Figure5l is operated" by solenoid I44, and switch I48 is closed by. solenoid I46; The

closingrof switch I48 completes an interlock circuitfromline I40 through:switches I38 and 148' to the two solenoids; and therefore; the solenoids remain'energized even though switch l36'opens.

2 switch I38 and this opens the interlock'circuit and de-energizes the solenoids.

During the feeding operation the engagement of bolt -I32-(Figures-5 and?) with-switch I36 closes this switch and operates valveI I8 to conarm: I28- swings counterclockwise; Then, when stud bolt I 34 "engages and openswitch I 38, valve I I8 5 (Figure 5 -immedia-tely disconnects pipe I I? from theairsupply ofpipe I 26; and: connectspipe 'I I] to atmosphere.-

This exhausts the air and permits the spring of unit- -I-I0to return theelements to the positions: shown. Thusr a feedirig cycle is carried on wherein switch I35 is first closed so as to connect the air supply to cylinder II2 with the result that arm 96 moves downwardly and swings ratchet wheel 94 counterclockwise. This movement moves bolt I32 away from switch I36 and causes bolt I34 to engage switch I38, and this action disconnects the air supply and connects the cylinder to atmosphere so that the internal spring in the unit moves the piston I I I back up, and switch I36 is again closed and the cycle is restarted.

It has been pointed out that air reduction valve I24 maintains a constant pressure in. pipe I20, and therefore, unit I I exerts a constant driving force during the downward movement of the piston -l I I. The pressure in pipe I20 is so regulated that movable wall 30 (Figure 3) urges the body of fur'to the right against apron I! with a predetermined amount of force. The maximum rate of feed possible by operating unit H0 (Figure 5) continuously is in excess of the maximum rate necessary to hold the body of fur against apron IT. Therefore, during the time that the body of fur is first being moved up to the apron, unit I I0 operates continuously with the step-by-step feed. However, when the body. of fur is pushed against the feed apron with the desired amount of pressure, the force exerted by unit III! is no longer sufficient to overcome the resistance to further movement. Therefore, the feeding operation is temporarily stopped with the air supply still be-' ing connected to cylinder H2, but with the back force preventing operating arm 96 from swinging counterclockwise to cause a further feeding.

Bolts I32 and I34 are held in adjustment by.

lock. nuts I52 and IE4, respectively, (Figure 5) and the length of each feeding movement may be controlled by changing the adjustment of these bolts. As indicated above, the pressure with which the body of fur is urged against apron I! may be regulated by changing the pressure of the air supply in pipe i20, and this is controlled by adjusting valve I24.

As many possible embodiments may be mad of the mechanical features of the above invention and as the art herein described may be varied in various parts, all without departing from the scope of the invention, it is to be understood that all matter hereinabove set forth, or shown inthe accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

I claim:

'1. In hat making apparatus for handling and mixing fur preparatory to the separation of the fur into quantities to form hat bodies, the combination of, a bin of substantially uniform horizontal section having vertical walls extending completely therearound with the wall at one side removable, first mixing means to deposit different types of fur in strata in said bin thereby to form a stratified body of fur, feeding mechanism to remove fur from said one side of the stratified body substantially in a zone extending transversely of the strata whereby fur is with drawn from each stratum, second mixing means to mix the fur withdrawn from the body of fur feeder means to remove fur from a body of fur,

a cylinder, a piston mounted within said cylinder, a piston rod connected to said piston at one end of the cylinder, means mounting said cylinder at the opposite end thereof, a lever connected at one end to said piston rod and pivotably mounted at its other end, a ratchet wheel assembly mechanically associated with said pivotable lever so as to be driven with a step-by-step movement by the pivoting movement of said lever produced by reciprocation of said piston, and means to transmit the step-by-step movement of the ratchet wheel to produce relative advancing movement between the body of fur and said feeder means.

4. In apparatus for use in handling fur during the process of making felt hats or the like, the combination of, a substantially rectangular bin having two side wall structures and a removable end wall at the fur feeding end of the bin, an end wall at the end of the bin opposite said fur feeding end movable toward said fur feeding end, mounting means for said movable end wall includingtrack means on said side walls, rollers guided by said track means, feeding mechanism for feeding fur in layer form from a body of fur in said bin including an apron having an upwardly moving, vertical run operative to pick up, fur in substantially vertical layers, and means to move said movable end wall toward the feeding end of the bin with a predetermined feeding action.

5. In apparatus of the character described, a bin having a movable wall, means for holding different furs in said bin in layer arrangement, means for removing said different furs from said bin in constant proportions, a fluid motor, a lever pivotably operative by said motor, a first switch having its contacts closed by said lever when said lever is in its starting position and thereby closing a circuit to energize said motor, a second switch opened by the pivoting movement of said lever and connected in said circuit to interrupt the energization of said circuit when opened, a ratchet wheel assembly rotatable by said lever during the energization of said motor and including a plurality of sprocket wheels, and sprocket chains mounted over said wheels and connected to said movable wall to provide a uniform movement of said wall towards said removing means during each energization of said motor.

6. In apparatus for mixing fur the combination of a bin of substantially rectangular form in horizontal section, means for depositing therein different types of for in strata to form a stratified body thereof, said bin having a removable vertical wall at one side, feeder means to entrain and remove fur from the stratified body at said side transversely of the strata, and means to produce relative advancing movement between the body of fur and said feeder means.

'7. In apparatus for mixing fur the combination of a bin of substantially rectangular form in horizontal section, means for depositing therein different types of fur in strata to form a stratified body thereof, feeder means to entrain and remove fur from the stratified body at one side thereof transversely of the strata, said bin having a movable opposite side wall and means for progressively advancing said opposite wall and maintaining it in engagement with said stratified body and correspondingly progressively advancing the body into engagement with said feeder means.

8. In apparatus for mixing fur the combination of a bin of substantially rectangular form in horizontal section, means for depositing therein different types of fur in strata to form a stratified body thereof, said bin having a removable vertical wall at a front side thereof, feeder means operable substantially parallel to said removable wall to entrain and remove fur from the stratified body at said front side transversely of the strata, said bin having a movable rear wall opposite to said front wall and means for progressively advancing said rear wall and correspondingly maintaining it in engagement with the rear face of said stratified body and progressively advancing the body toward said feeder means.

9. In apparatus for mixing fur the combination of a bin for a body of fur provided with means for exposing one side of the body of fur, feeder means adapted to be positioned at said side and arranged to entrain and remove fur progressively from said side, said bin having a rear wall adapted to be traversed forwardly through said bin, and power means for forwardly feeding said wall and maintaining it in engagement with the rear face of said body of fur to support continuously said rear face and to feed the body of fur forward into engagement with said feeder means.

10. In apparatus for mixing fur the combination of a bin for a body of fur provided with means for exposing one side of the body of fur, feeder means adapted to be positioned at said side and arranged to entrain and remove fur progressively from said side, and means to advance the body of fur toward said feeder means, said advancing means including a movable member arranged to engage the body of fur at the side opposite to said feeder means, and power means for urging said member forward with a substantially constant predetermined pressure thereby to exert a substantially constant pressure between said body of fur and the feeder means.

11. In apparatus of the character described, wall means forming a compartment for a body of fur so arranged that one side of the body of fur may be exposed, fur-feeding mechanism positioned against said exposed side of the body of fur and operative to pick fur substantially evenly from the side wall, and means to urge together the body of fur and said fur-feeding mechanism, said means including means to engage the body of fur at the side opposite said fur-feeding mechanism and power means to exert a predetermined pressure therebetween wherein said power means includes a fluid cylinder operative to exert a driving force dependent upon the pressure of the fluid supplied thereto, and means to supply fluid having a predetermined maximum pressure to said fluid cylinder.

JOHN E. KANE.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,015,764 Potter Jan. 23, 1912 1,929,344 Benoit Oct. 3, 1933 1,954,703 Klein Apr. 10, 1934 2,107,458 Walsh Feb. 8, 1938 2,141,782 Benoit Dec. 27, 1938 2,195,018 Benoit Mar. 26, 1940 2,292,141 Marble Aug. 4, 1942 2,433,790 Senior Dec. 30, 1947 2,463,643 Recker Mar. 8, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 247,079 Great Britain Feb. 11, 1926

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