US2643957A - Process of preserving wood - Google Patents
Process of preserving wood Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2643957A US2643957A US240776A US24077651A US2643957A US 2643957 A US2643957 A US 2643957A US 240776 A US240776 A US 240776A US 24077651 A US24077651 A US 24077651A US 2643957 A US2643957 A US 2643957A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- wood
- fluoride
- pulping
- preservative
- sodium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000003171 wood protecting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000862 Arboform Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001506 inorganic fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000223261 Trichoderma viride Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004537 pulping Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 3
- HCJLVWUMMKIQIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorophenolate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl HCJLVWUMMKIQIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentachlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl IZUPBVBPLAPZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010875 treated wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHRZCXAVMTUTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-furo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound N1C(=O)N=C2OC=CC2=C1 WHRZCXAVMTUTDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006173 Larrea tridentata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000073231 Larrea tridentata Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100400378 Mus musculus Marveld2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960002126 creosote Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003265 pulping liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/907—Resistant against plant or animal attack
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
- Y10S435/8215—Microorganisms
- Y10S435/911—Microorganisms using fungi
- Y10S435/945—Trichoderma
Definitions
- This invention relates to preserving and pulping of wood.
- the mold Trz'choderma viride is cultured on green wood (recently cut wood) which is to be used for pulp or for posts, poles, ties, or other Wood products, the green wood having had an inorganic fluoride, such as sodium fluoride, ammonium fluoride, ammonium bifiuoride, and cupric, magnesium, sodium, and zinc silicofluorides, applied on the surface thereof, as by dipping or spraying.
- This mold treatment reatly increases the permeability of the wood.
- the resulting wood is then impregnated with a liquid wood preservative, such as light and heavy preservative oils like pentachlorophenol in kerosene or in heavy petroleum carriers, or coal-tar creosote and water-carried preservatives such as sodium pentachlorophenate, boraX, zinc chloride, and so forth.
- a liquid wood preservative such as light and heavy preservative oils like pentachlorophenol in kerosene or in heavy petroleum carriers, or coal-tar creosote and water-carried preservatives such as sodium pentachlorophenate, boraX, zinc chloride, and so forth.
- a liquid wood preservative such as light and heavy preservative oils like pentachlorophenol in kerosene or in heavy petroleum carriers, or coal-tar creosote and water-carried preservatives such as sodium pentachlorophenate, boraX, zinc chloride, and so forth.
- Trichoderina molded wood While the increased permeability of Trichoderina molded wood has been described above as particularly applicable to the wood preservation field, wider adaptations of the process are comprehended in the seasoning and pulping of wood.
- a process of preserving wood comprising culturing Tric'hoderma m'rz'de on green wood which has had an inorganic fluoride applied to the surface thereof, whereby the permeability of the wood is increased, and impregnating the resulting wood with a liquid wood preservative.
- the fluoride is a silico-fluoride selected from group consisting of cupric, magnesium, sodium, and zinc silicofiuorides.
Description
Patented June 30, 1953 ED STATES No Drawing. Application August 7, 1951, Serial N 0. 240,776
9 Claims. (Cl. 117-57) (Granted. under Title ggP. S. Code (19-52),
sec. 1
The invention herein described may be manufactured and used by or for the Government of the United States of America for governmental purposes throughout the world without the payment to me of any royalty thereon.
I hereby dedicate the invention herein described to the free use of the people in the territory of the United States to take effect on the granting of a patent to me.
This invention relates to preserving and pulping of wood.
In general, according to the invention, the mold Trz'choderma viride is cultured on green wood (recently cut wood) which is to be used for pulp or for posts, poles, ties, or other Wood products, the green wood having had an inorganic fluoride, such as sodium fluoride, ammonium fluoride, ammonium bifiuoride, and cupric, magnesium, sodium, and zinc silicofluorides, applied on the surface thereof, as by dipping or spraying. This mold treatment reatly increases the permeability of the wood. The resulting wood is then impregnated with a liquid wood preservative, such as light and heavy preservative oils like pentachlorophenol in kerosene or in heavy petroleum carriers, or coal-tar creosote and water-carried preservatives such as sodium pentachlorophenate, boraX, zinc chloride, and so forth. Also the fluoride-Trichoderma treated wood described above is pulped with conventional pulping liquors, such as sulfate and sulfite liquors in accordance with conventional pulping procedures.
The effect of this combined fiuoride-Trichoderma treatment directly inhibits the growth of decay fungi during seasoning and storage of the wood.
In culturing the Trichoderma m'rz'cle on the fluoride treated wood, it is essential that the fluorides shall not have been used in excessive amount, otherwise the growth of the mold will be inhibited. I Spray or dip treatments using from 2 to 4% sodium fluoride or from 2 to 5% ammonium bifiuoride solutions are effective to promote the desired luxuriant growth of the mold.
In carrying out the invention, posts and pulpwood that had become heavily molded with 'I'richoderma following sprays with fluoride solutions absorbed and retained from 8 to 20 pounds of both light and heavy preservative oil solutions during a cold immersion treatment, whereas matched specimens of unmolded wood from the same trees absorbed only 1 to 2 pounds per cubic foot. Penetration of the solutions in endcoated pieces of 3 to 5 inches in diameter often was complete for the molded wood, in contrast to shallow sidepenetration of .1 to .25 inch for the unmolded wood. Similar differences in favor of the molded wood were obtained with gum, although total absorption and penetration usually were somewhat less than with pine.
Comparative tests with water alone and a water-carried preservative solution containing a 4% mixture of sodium pentachlorophenate, sodium bicarbonate and borax were also carried out. Absorptions for the molded wood ranged from 3.5 to 8 pounds of solution per cubic foot as compared to less than 1 pound usually for unmolded wood. Thus, the penetration of watercarried salt as well as oil preservatives wasgreatly facilitated by the fluoride-Trichoderma process.
While the increased permeability of Trichoderina molded wood has been described above as particularly applicable to the wood preservation field, wider adaptations of the process are comprehended in the seasoning and pulping of wood.
Thus, if wood of low permeability is seasoned rapency considerably. In the pulping field, the penetration and movement of the cooking chemicals durin conventional pulping of wood chips are important factors in the speedof the pulping operation, consumption of chemicals, and quality of the pulp produced. This is especially true in conventional sulfite pulping but also applies to a large extent to conventional sulfate pulping. With perfect penetration and distribution of the chemicals, as would be realized with completely permeable wood, the chips can be raised to the pulping temperature immediately and pulping action will be uniform throughout the chips. Increasing permeability of the wood, according to the present invention, results in an overall saving of time in the pulping process and also in greatly improving the average quality of the pulp. Furthermore, the production of screening rejects which result from non-uniform pulping of wood of low permeability'is reduced.
Having thus described my invention, I claim:
1. A process of preserving wood comprising culturing Tric'hoderma m'rz'de on green wood which has had an inorganic fluoride applied to the surface thereof, whereby the permeability of the wood is increased, and impregnating the resulting wood with a liquid wood preservative.
'2. The process of claim 1 wherein the fluoride is sodium fluoride.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the fluoride is ammonium bifiuoride.
i. The process of claim 1 wherein the fluoride is a silico-fluoride selected from group consisting of cupric, magnesium, sodium, and zinc silicofiuorides.
5. The process of claim 1 wherein the wood preservative is a preservative oil.
6. The process of claim 1 wherein the wood preservative is water-carried borax.
7. The process of claim 1 wherein the wood preservative is water-carried sodium pentachlorophenate. V p
8. The process of claim 1 wherein the wood preservative is water-carried zinc chloride.
9. The process of claim 1 wherein the wood preservative is water-carried copper sulphate.
RALPH M. LINDGREN.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Number Name Date 119,224 Eaton Sept. 26, 1871 260,749 Ekman July 11, 1882 575,973 McLachlan Jan. 26, 1897 5 1,248,711 Teesdale Dec. 4, 1917 1,521,977 Tolmer Jan. 6, 1925 2,029,973 Wells Feb. 4, 1936 2,045,350 Grifiin June 23, 1936 2,128,928 Estes Sept. 6, 1938 10 2,240,017 Primavasi Apr. 29, 1941 2,296,316 Stamm Sept. 22, 1942 2,491,015 Poole Dec. 13, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 28,729 Great Britain 1904 OTHER REFERENCES Chidester et al.: Technical Assn. Papers, Series 21, pages 137-140 (1938).
Claims (1)
1. A PROCESS OF PRESERVING WOOD COMPRISING CULTURING TRICHODERMA VIRIDE ON GREEN WOOD WHICH HAS HAD AN INORGANIC FLUORIDE APPLIED TO THE SURFACE THEREOF, WHEREBY THE PERMEABILITY OF THE WOOD IS INCREASED, AND IMPREGNATING THE RESULTING WOOD WITH A LIQUID WOOD PRESERVATIVE.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US240776A US2643957A (en) | 1951-08-07 | 1951-08-07 | Process of preserving wood |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US240776A US2643957A (en) | 1951-08-07 | 1951-08-07 | Process of preserving wood |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2643957A true US2643957A (en) | 1953-06-30 |
Family
ID=22907901
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US240776A Expired - Lifetime US2643957A (en) | 1951-08-07 | 1951-08-07 | Process of preserving wood |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2643957A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3406038A (en) * | 1962-10-15 | 1968-10-15 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Treatment of wood with a polyhydric alcohol and an alkylene oxide |
| US3422183A (en) * | 1961-03-22 | 1969-01-14 | Silaco Chem Co | Ultra-violet irradiated silver fluoride compositions and biocide uses thereof |
| FR2044750A1 (en) * | 1969-04-29 | 1971-02-26 | Ricard Jacques | |
| US4346175A (en) * | 1977-10-04 | 1982-08-24 | Sven-Olof Enfors | Process for the microbiological modification of hardwood by the action of microorganisms |
Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US106625A (en) * | 1870-08-23 | Improvement in preserving- wood | ||
| US119224A (en) * | 1871-09-26 | Improvement in the manufacture of paper-pulp | ||
| US260749A (en) * | 1882-07-11 | Making and for textile and other purposes | ||
| US575973A (en) * | 1897-01-26 | John mclachlan | ||
| GB190428729A (en) * | 1904-12-29 | 1905-04-06 | Edward Beverly Weed | Improvements in Treating Wood for Preserving and like purposes |
| US1248711A (en) * | 1917-04-09 | 1917-12-04 | Clyde H Teesdale | Process for rendering lumber resistant to sap-stain. |
| US1521977A (en) * | 1923-03-03 | 1925-01-06 | Tolmer Paul | Process for preserving woods |
| US2029973A (en) * | 1934-08-22 | 1936-02-04 | Gerald D Muggieton | Paper pulp making process |
| US2045350A (en) * | 1936-01-08 | 1936-06-23 | Wallwood Corp | Method of reducing the shrinkage of wood |
| US2128928A (en) * | 1932-06-29 | 1938-09-06 | Weston Allen J | Art of fiber liberation |
| US2240017A (en) * | 1937-04-28 | 1941-04-29 | Primavesl Otto | Process for producing white mechanical wood pulp from pine wood |
| US2296316A (en) * | 1939-07-29 | 1942-09-22 | Henry A Wallace | Antishrink treatment for wood |
| US2491015A (en) * | 1945-01-02 | 1949-12-13 | Poole Brereton | Method for sterilizing wooden baskets |
-
1951
- 1951-08-07 US US240776A patent/US2643957A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US106625A (en) * | 1870-08-23 | Improvement in preserving- wood | ||
| US119224A (en) * | 1871-09-26 | Improvement in the manufacture of paper-pulp | ||
| US260749A (en) * | 1882-07-11 | Making and for textile and other purposes | ||
| US575973A (en) * | 1897-01-26 | John mclachlan | ||
| GB190428729A (en) * | 1904-12-29 | 1905-04-06 | Edward Beverly Weed | Improvements in Treating Wood for Preserving and like purposes |
| US1248711A (en) * | 1917-04-09 | 1917-12-04 | Clyde H Teesdale | Process for rendering lumber resistant to sap-stain. |
| US1521977A (en) * | 1923-03-03 | 1925-01-06 | Tolmer Paul | Process for preserving woods |
| US2128928A (en) * | 1932-06-29 | 1938-09-06 | Weston Allen J | Art of fiber liberation |
| US2029973A (en) * | 1934-08-22 | 1936-02-04 | Gerald D Muggieton | Paper pulp making process |
| US2045350A (en) * | 1936-01-08 | 1936-06-23 | Wallwood Corp | Method of reducing the shrinkage of wood |
| US2240017A (en) * | 1937-04-28 | 1941-04-29 | Primavesl Otto | Process for producing white mechanical wood pulp from pine wood |
| US2296316A (en) * | 1939-07-29 | 1942-09-22 | Henry A Wallace | Antishrink treatment for wood |
| US2491015A (en) * | 1945-01-02 | 1949-12-13 | Poole Brereton | Method for sterilizing wooden baskets |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3422183A (en) * | 1961-03-22 | 1969-01-14 | Silaco Chem Co | Ultra-violet irradiated silver fluoride compositions and biocide uses thereof |
| US3406038A (en) * | 1962-10-15 | 1968-10-15 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Treatment of wood with a polyhydric alcohol and an alkylene oxide |
| FR2044750A1 (en) * | 1969-04-29 | 1971-02-26 | Ricard Jacques | |
| US4346175A (en) * | 1977-10-04 | 1982-08-24 | Sven-Olof Enfors | Process for the microbiological modification of hardwood by the action of microorganisms |
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