US2641731A - Wave propagating electron discharge device - Google Patents

Wave propagating electron discharge device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2641731A
US2641731A US51439A US5143948A US2641731A US 2641731 A US2641731 A US 2641731A US 51439 A US51439 A US 51439A US 5143948 A US5143948 A US 5143948A US 2641731 A US2641731 A US 2641731A
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resonators
frequency
wave
velocity
corrugated
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Expired - Lifetime
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US51439A
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English (en)
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Lines Albert Walter
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Teledyne UK Ltd
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English Electric Valve Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H9/00—Linear accelerators
    • H05H9/02—Travelling-wave linear accelerators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/48—Clinker treatment
    • C04B7/52—Grinding ; After-treatment of ground cement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/36—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/38—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field the forward travelling wave being utilised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/42—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/44—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field the forward travelling wave being utilised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/207—Hollow waveguide filters
    • H01P1/211—Waffle-iron filters; Corrugated structures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49016—Antenna or wave energy "plumbing" making

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to wave-propagating structures such as waveguide, strip transmission line and like devices of the type in which the phase velocity of electromagnetic waves is less than the free-space velocity, so that, for example, coupling may be effected to a" stream of electrons falling through a potential difference of some few thousand volts, or less.
  • a known arrangement employing such a structure comprises an evacuated envelope containing a wire helix arranged axially in a metal tube.
  • Such a construction results in a reduced phase velocity, and coupling may be obtained to a stream of electrons from a suitable gun located at one'end of the tube: the structure is excited at the gun end of the tube, and by virtue of the coupling of the electromagnetic wave with the electron stream, an amplified wave is available at the other end of the tube.
  • the phase velocity may be of the order of one tenth freespace velocity, and electrons falling through a potential difference of about 2 kv. couple satisfactorily with the wave.
  • the device When the device is employed as an amplifier in the cm. band-a bandwidth of the order of '800 inc/s. between 3 db points maybe realised.
  • the device may be made to serve as an oscillator.
  • the present invention has for one of its objects to provide a waveguide, strip transmission line or like device which is capable of employment at such higherfrequencies or higher powers, but whose constructionis relatively straightforward.
  • the invention is based on the fact that the phase velocity of a component of an electromage netic wave in a waveguide or strip transmission line with a uniformly-corrugated wall or walls can be made less than'free-space velocity.
  • a component of the electromagnetic wave is one of the Fourier space harmonics of the wave, sometimes called Hartree harmonics.
  • corrugated structures is also'a feature of any ⁇ guide or like structureso formed that-it is effectively-a series 2 "torsfarr'a'nged uniformly end d -with respect to one another, the uni formly-f orrugated' guide and strip transmission v ng egampres of this class.
  • the principal object of the invention is to provideawave propa'gating structure suchthattlie dispeifsion 'pflthje structure to a large amplitude component 'of electromagnetic waves propagated ther is"low.
  • large component in" this context s-cn wim which a substantial fraction of the total energy in the'wave is associated, and a low dispersion exists when, over a substantial frequency band, the variation in phase velocity iss'mall; for example, over a frequency band of sor'nel0% of the mid frequency, the phase velocity may vary byno more than 1%.
  • an electromagnetic wave propagating structure adapted to support electromagnetic waves having aphafse velocity less than the freespace velocity'of propagation, and having a low dispersion; to a large amplitude component of waves propagated therein over a substantial band of frequency, said structure having at least one boundary consisting of a conducting surface formed with a series of repeated like groups of resonators, the smallest repeated'pattern of such resonators forming a group which is delineated by a particular pattern of variation in at least one of the'factors, the natural frequency and the -spacing, of theresonators forming the group.
  • -the invention comprises an electrical transmission system comprising a source of energy to'be propagated, an electromagnetic wave propagating'structure coupled to said source so that in the operative condition there are propagated in said structure electromagneticwaves having a phase velocity less than the free sp'ace velocity of propagation, and havinga flow dispersionto a large amplitude" component of waves propagated therein over a substantial b'and of frequency, Said structure having at least one' 'boundary consisting of a conducting-surface formed with a series of repeated likegroups of resonators, the smallest repeated pattern of such resonators forming a group wh ch is deuneateeb'y a particular patternof variation in atleast one of thefactors, the natural frequency and the spacing, of the resonators forming thegroup, and'a'n output circuit coupled to said structure to receive energy from said source.
  • the invention resides in an electromagnetic wave propagating structure adapted to support an electromagnetic wave having a phase velocity less than the free-space velocity of propagation, said structure comprising a conductive boundary surface formed with a series of resonators such as slots or cavities distributed along its length said resonators being arranged in recurrent, like, regularly spaced groups of three, the resonators of a group comprising two resonators of like natural frequency, and one resonator of different natural frequency from the other two.
  • a further aspect of the invention contemplates an electromagnetic wave propagating structure adapted to support an electromagnetic wave having a phase velocity less than the free-space velocity of propagation, said structure comprising a conductive boundary surface formed with a series of resonators such as slots or cavities distributed along its length, the spacing between successive resonators being varied in cyclic manner.
  • Yet another aspect of the invention involves an electromagnetic wave propagating structure adapted to support an electromagnetic wave having a phase velocity less than the free-space velocity of propagation, said structure comprising a conductive boundary surface formed with a series of resonators such as slots or cavities distributed along its length, every nth space between adjacent resonators being made equal to one another, but different from the remaining spaces, which are themselves equal, as being greater than unity.
  • FIGs. 1 to 8 are explanatory diagrams whose significance will appear hereinafter,
  • Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic representation of an electronic device according to the invention suitable for use on an amplifier or oscillator,
  • Fig. 10 is anenlarged cross-section View of a part of the device in Fig. 9, and
  • Figures lla-e are representations of further embodiments of my invention.
  • the operating frequency f is plotted against 1/) ⁇ g where )q; is the Wavelength in the line, a straight line I Fig. 1 is produced.
  • the slope of this line f) ⁇ g will represent the free-space velocity of propagation of electro-rnagnetic waves, usually termed c.
  • the same characteristic plotted for a waveguide will be as shown in curve 2.
  • the phase velocity of the wave for any given frequency will be represented by the slope of the line joining the equivalent point on the curve to the origin. It will be observed that a low-frequency cut-ofi exists and the curve tends towards the free-space characteristic as the frequency is raised.
  • the uniformly corrugated guide such as the strip transmission line with equal resonators spaced at equal intervals along one wall, is equivaand the attenuation'in the guide is then infinite. From the cut-off frequency to the frequency at which the resonator length L is the phase change along one section of the guide remains at the value 11'. At the resonant frequency the loading on the guide changes from inductive to capacitive, and the phase difference across a section changes by Jr. The phase change remains constant at zero until the next pass band is reached. At the beginning of the second pass band the loading is capacitive, and the frequency spectrum curve is indicated at 4, Fig. 1.
  • the stop band associated with a cut off of this type is thesame as the stop bands obtained with inductive or capacitive loading, No resonance occurs in the cavities, and the phase change acrossa section of the guide remains constant throughout the stop band.
  • the pass bands are either both inductive or both capacitive.
  • :12 is a low frequency cut ofrufor the pass bandand inthe latteriitis'a high'frequency cut off.”
  • the transmission line is thus non-dispersive.
  • phase velocity decreases from free-space velocity more and more rapidly with increasing frequency; at the same group velocity,
  • the longitudinal component of electric field E2 of the wave which must exist along the-corrugated surface at anynparticular instant of time is illustrated in Fig. 3, and so far only the funda mental component of thiswave, shown by the, dotted line, has been considered.
  • the frequency spectra for the rec-' tangular guide may be obtained'from the spectra:
  • a w is the wave-length in the resonators.
  • Nth-cavity ismodified by, for example, increasin or decreasing the length; then-stand--- ing waves with the same wavelength but different frequencies can be obtained.
  • a standing wave can occur either with nodes or antinodes at the modified' caviti'es.
  • the frequency of the standing wave with antinodes at the modified cavities will be independent of this modification.
  • the frequency of the standing wave with antinodes at the modified cavities will beincreased'or decreased according to whether the cavity has been decreasedor increased in length.
  • Each of these standing'wave patterns will be fixed relative to the structure of the guide, and willnot depend on the method of excitation. They. will occur when the phase difference between the modified cavities is mr, or the distance between the modified cavities is ch- 2 l v thereflections from the groups of cavities ,(N
  • d- is the distance apartof the cavities,- and guide, the slots or resonators are grouped inthrees, one resonator in each group having its length increased or decreased to a valuel as indicated in Fig;- 5.
  • the effect of the introduction of this periodicity-intothe corrugated structure is to cause thephase 'velocity' of frequency characteristic to break up, the lowest frequency pass band of thesm'oothly corrugated structure now-being replaced by threeseparate pass bands separated by stop bands.
  • the low order harmonics in the low frequency pass band will, in general, be of importance as the amplitudes of the higher order harmonics are small and also the amplitude of thefundamental component is considerably greater than the amplitudes of the harmonics.
  • non-dispersive transmission corresponds to uniform phase, and group velocities defined re-' spectively by the ratio 9/(1), and the slope of the characteristic (19/115! respectively
  • the non-dispersive regions will be characterised by coincidence of the tangent to the 0/ curve and line joining the origin to the point of contact of the tangent.
  • a non-dispersive region is defined by a substantially straight portion of the e/ oharacteristicwhich, when produced, passes substantially through the origin.
  • a frequency spectrum similar to that obtained with the structure illustrated in Fig. 5 may be obtained with an arrangement comprising groups of three resonators in which all resonators of a group are of different lengths, or resonant frequencies.
  • the form of the characteristic will lie between those obtained for the three slot structure when one slot is detuned above and below the other two slots of each group.
  • An arrangement alternative to the employment of groups of three equally spaced slots with the periodicity defined by modifications in the resonant frequencies of the slots is an arrangement of groups of three slots with irregular spacing. This arrangement produces the same type of We characteristic as is produced by the structure of Fig. 5, and so long as the periodicity of three remains,
  • the narrow stop band with'the first main pass band are equally spaced, but the spacing at is (measured as one third the spacing between the groups of three resonators.
  • the phase velocity of the fundamental wave may have a' velocity of, say. re C over a point a.
  • the fieldv strength provided by the second space harmonic wave will be smaller than that provided by the fundamental and for a given R. F. power may not be adequate to provide the required degree of coupling to an electron beam which is the ing delineated by a particular pattern of variation in the natural frequency, the spacing, or both the natural frequency and the spacing of the resonators forming the group.
  • the corrugated waveguide with periodic structure is made as a corrugated strip transmission line or surface or as a rectangular waveguide with one or two o posite walls corrugated to form slots or resonators.
  • the structure may also take the form of a co-axial line with the corrugation formed on the inner or outer conductor.
  • a circular waveguide with the desired form of wall may also be employed, but in this case, the inner diameter of the waveguide (measured to the surface of the corrugations or slots) has of necessity to be made so large that the transmission properties approximate those of a corrugated strip surface.
  • corrugated waveguide structures according to the invention have a considerable advantage over known forms of travelling wave devices with low phasevelocity as the attenuation is considerably reduced.
  • the device according to the invention may be constructed in any of a wide variety of diiferent ways, provided that the structure effectively comprises a periodic structure of groups of adjacent slots, corrugations or resonators as set fre-.
  • the electron beam withwhich the selected travelling wave in the corrugated"- waveguide is required to couple, to m ake efiective-usebf the properties of the device'in the apparatus-with which the invention is primarily concerned; may be provided by any known or suitable means,
  • the electron beam may conveniently be of strip cross-sectional form, while-if thestru tureisTOrmed as a corrugated co-axiealline, their an electron beam of annular cross section maybe employed, Suit: able focusing and directing, means may be'provided as desired to maintain'the'form' of the electron beam and its transverse position in the guide structure; for example, vthe waveguide structure may have an arcuate form, or may be constructed as a closed ring, in-which case-asteady magnetic field-isset up, in known manner, to constrain the beam to follow the desired arcuate path.
  • the electron beam may in some cases be focused by means of crossed magnetic and electric fi'el'ds, as in
  • This device comprises a rectangular wave guide, II, one wall of which is provided with slots 1), q, r, 11 q r etc., equally spaced along its length and arranged as a periodic series in groups of three.
  • the smallest repeated pattern of slots is, therefore, a group of three, two long and one short and the total length of the waveguide is such that a large number of cycles of this pattern is included.
  • an electron gun 12 arranged in a glass envelope l1 sealed to the "end of the 'guide' and adapted reproduce a widefthin beam ofelectrons ofthe*g ezi '"a r'm indicated'at 18 in Fig. '10 when fed with sui able potentials via terminals I 3,1 4, 15 and HiI
  • Coupling means in the form of short lengths or waveguidei' 'ztl and 2 l ,”sealed 1 err by gla'sswindows- 22 and23 and coupledthrough slottype matching transformers 24' and 25' with 'th "end resonators are provided 'for 'feeding'R i'lF” nergy :into a'nd extracting R. *'F. energy from theleft hand'and right hand ends "of the-waveguide'structure respectively.
  • the waveguide structure I conveniently constructed of metallic stampingslof any suita ble non-magnetic material,"the-thicknesses of which are arranged to provide the" desiredfslofi'aipertu'r'es, or the appropriate spacings betweenthe slots and are stamped “out to sizes' ap'lfllopri'ate to "20 an m 1 ts;""r s1ots or spam: "gs i'between slots.
  • a stack of such stampings is- "sembledandbondedintoa c'ontinuously 'condu ye. structure for whichpurpose the meeting faces of-the-stampings *aresilver plated or 'tlier- 'wise' treated to ensure-low" resistance con'tact conditions between them.
  • the waveguide was" 4.81 inches wide; 'the free-s ace depth of the guide was'0f67- inch, the depth of the 10" 'and ffq slo ts (from' the-smooth wallof-'-"the guide) was 2 .6 inches;"and the depth of the r 'slotspfron f fthe smooth wall: of the" guide)-- was 2200 inches.
  • the waveguide when complete was found -to-*have j a non-dispersive: pass" band at" a phase "velocity of approximately-02850; from 12.-75cm.'-'*to norm. wavelength.
  • V w non-dispersive: pass" band at" a phase "velocity of approximately-02850; from 12.-75cm.'-'*to norm. wavelength.
  • i1sefufemployment is the realization of a broad-band amplifier or oscillator for centimetric and millimetric wavelengths.
  • amplifier a device such as that described above with reference to Figs. 9 and 10 is employed, and the electron stream is fired axially down the corrugated as it travels through the guide structure, owing to anenergy interchange between the electron stream and the field, and a considerable amplification of the wave is obtained.
  • the amplifled R;;F. output is obtained by suitable coupling arrangements at the output end of the structure.
  • Such a device may also be employed as a radio frequency. oscillator in the centimetric and milliinetric bands.
  • an oscillator In such an oscillator an arrangement similar to that outlined above as an amplifier is provided with a feedback coupling between input and output.
  • Such an oscillator will have the advantage that its frequency can be adjusted over the band of frequencies for which the phasevelocity is constant simply by theihclusion in the feedback path of a phase.
  • An electromagnetic wave propagating structure adapted to support an electromagnetic wavehaving a phasevelocity less than the free- 7 support an electromagnetic wave having aphase velocity less than the free-space velocity of propagation, .said structure comprising a conductive boundary surfaceformed with a series of resonators distributed along its length, every nth space between adjacent.v resonators being 1 made equal to one another, but different from the, remaining spaces, which are themselves equal, n being an integer greater than unity; 3.
  • An electromagnetic I wave propagating plurality of groups of resonators which are spaced alongfthe boundary in the direction of.
  • each group being identical With the others and each group being characterized by a predetermined cyclic variation in resonator spacing, the spacing between adjacent resonators being, defined by longitudinal portions of said conductive boundary substantially parallel to the axis of said structure, the spacing between certain adjacent resonators differing from the spacing between other adjacent resonators.
  • a conductive boundary surface de-- fining a plurality of resonators spaced along the boundary in the direction of propagation, said resonators being ingroups of at least three with one group for each halfwavelength of apropagatedwave, all the groups being identical with a variation between resonators of a group, said variation being cyclically repeated in said groups. said variation comprising a difference in spac ing of the resonators of a group.
  • a path for radio frequency signal energy comprising a signal input, a signal output and an amplifying chamber .directly connecting said input and said output, electron gun means having accelerating means positioned to project .an electron beam through saidchamber, said chamber having resonant portions acting to retard the velocity. of radio frequency signal energy along said beam so that the component of velocity of said signal along said beam is 'of the same order of magnitude as the velocity of said beam and amplification of said radio frequency signal is obtained over a broad band and is produced by a continuously interacting energy interchange between theenergy of said beam and the radio frequency signal energy, said resonant portions being arranged in groups ofat least three resonant-I portions spaced from each other, the
  • An electromagnetic wave propagating structure adapted to support'an electromagnetic wave having a phase velocity lessthan the free spacevelocity of propagation, said structure comprising a conductive boundary surface formed with. a series of resonators distributed along its length said resonators, being arranged in cyclically repeated, like, regularly spaced groups of three resonators and separating spaces between resonators, each resonator of a group being of a different natural frequency.
  • a conductive boundary defining a spacing of selected resonant portions differing from the spacing of the others to form a cyclic pattern of'variation in spacing, said chamber having a plurality of such groups.

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  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
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  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
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US51439A 1947-10-06 1948-09-27 Wave propagating electron discharge device Expired - Lifetime US2641731A (en)

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GB26794/47A GB655410A (en) 1947-10-06 1947-10-06 Improvements in and relating to electromagnetic wave propagating structures

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US (1) US2641731A (ko)
BE (1) BE485147A (ko)
CH (1) CH278418A (ko)
FR (1) FR972612A (ko)
GB (1) GB655410A (ko)
NL (1) NL87170C (ko)

Cited By (23)

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US2698381A (en) * 1948-10-18 1954-12-28 Robertson-Shersby-Ha Rob Bruce Wave guide accelerator system
US2820170A (en) * 1952-12-30 1958-01-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Spatial harmonic traveling wave tube
US2828439A (en) * 1952-03-14 1958-03-25 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Space charge amplifier
US2850671A (en) * 1952-01-24 1958-09-02 Raytheon Mfg Co Magnetron amplifiers
US2882587A (en) * 1956-12-10 1959-04-21 Raytheon Mfg Co Brazing methods
US2916657A (en) * 1952-05-17 1959-12-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Backward wave amplifier
US2942142A (en) * 1957-08-30 1960-06-21 Raytheon Co Traveling wave oscillator tubes
US2945979A (en) * 1952-12-30 1960-07-19 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube structure
US2948828A (en) * 1956-11-21 1960-08-09 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube interaction circuit
US2956247A (en) * 1956-01-26 1960-10-11 Sperry Rand Corp Broad band microwave phase shifter
US2967968A (en) * 1957-06-24 1961-01-10 Gen Electric Electron discharge device
US2992480A (en) * 1956-12-14 1961-07-18 Raytheon Co Method for bonding laminations
US3083444A (en) * 1959-02-10 1963-04-02 English Electric Valve Co Ltd Manufacture of delay lines
US3083443A (en) * 1958-10-30 1963-04-02 Raytheon Co Wave retardation lines having periodic tapering pitch
US3134001A (en) * 1961-03-21 1964-05-19 Chase Shawmut Co Knife blade type fuse having silverplated blade contacts
US3134160A (en) * 1954-03-25 1964-05-26 Varian Associates Method of manufacturing a klystron
US3158122A (en) * 1960-09-15 1964-11-24 Eitel Mc Cullough Inc Method of brazing electron tube cooling fins
US3200286A (en) * 1960-12-30 1965-08-10 Varian Associates Traveling wave amplifier tube having novel stop-band means to prevent backward wave oscillations
US3263116A (en) * 1961-03-24 1966-07-26 Csf Waveguide structure for linear particle accelerators having an undulating configuration
US3618106A (en) * 1968-11-15 1971-11-02 Plessey Co Ltd Antenna feed systems
US3845422A (en) * 1973-04-17 1974-10-29 Microwave Dev Labor Stop band filter
FR2528626A2 (fr) * 1978-12-29 1983-12-16 Thomson Csf Generateur d'ondes radioelectriques pour hyperfrequence
CN111540656A (zh) * 2020-04-02 2020-08-14 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 一种s，c波段双频可控高功率微波器件

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1054126B (de) * 1952-05-17 1959-04-02 Western Electric Co Wanderfeldroehren-Verstaerker
DE1013338B (de) * 1952-12-27 1957-08-08 Pintsch Electro Gmbh Innenleiter, insbesondere fuer UKW-Leitungen, mit vergroesserter elektrischer Laenge
DE1076195B (de) * 1957-04-25 1960-02-25 Siemens Ag Verzoegerungsleitung fuer Wanderfeldroehren, insbesondere zum Erzeugen oder Verstaerken von Millimeterwellen
DE1116290B (de) * 1957-04-26 1961-11-02 Siemens Ag Leitungsanordnung zur UEbertragung elektromagnetischer Wellen

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US2698381A (en) * 1948-10-18 1954-12-28 Robertson-Shersby-Ha Rob Bruce Wave guide accelerator system
US2850671A (en) * 1952-01-24 1958-09-02 Raytheon Mfg Co Magnetron amplifiers
US2828439A (en) * 1952-03-14 1958-03-25 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Space charge amplifier
US2916657A (en) * 1952-05-17 1959-12-08 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Backward wave amplifier
US2945979A (en) * 1952-12-30 1960-07-19 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube structure
US2820170A (en) * 1952-12-30 1958-01-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Spatial harmonic traveling wave tube
US3134160A (en) * 1954-03-25 1964-05-26 Varian Associates Method of manufacturing a klystron
US2956247A (en) * 1956-01-26 1960-10-11 Sperry Rand Corp Broad band microwave phase shifter
US2948828A (en) * 1956-11-21 1960-08-09 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube interaction circuit
US2882587A (en) * 1956-12-10 1959-04-21 Raytheon Mfg Co Brazing methods
US2992480A (en) * 1956-12-14 1961-07-18 Raytheon Co Method for bonding laminations
US2967968A (en) * 1957-06-24 1961-01-10 Gen Electric Electron discharge device
US2942142A (en) * 1957-08-30 1960-06-21 Raytheon Co Traveling wave oscillator tubes
US3083443A (en) * 1958-10-30 1963-04-02 Raytheon Co Wave retardation lines having periodic tapering pitch
US3083444A (en) * 1959-02-10 1963-04-02 English Electric Valve Co Ltd Manufacture of delay lines
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US3200286A (en) * 1960-12-30 1965-08-10 Varian Associates Traveling wave amplifier tube having novel stop-band means to prevent backward wave oscillations
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CN111540656A (zh) * 2020-04-02 2020-08-14 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 一种s，c波段双频可控高功率微波器件
CN111540656B (zh) * 2020-04-02 2023-03-31 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 一种s，c波段双频可控高功率微波器件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE485147A (ko)
NL87170C (ko)
FR972612A (fr) 1951-02-01
GB655410A (en) 1951-07-18
CH278418A (de) 1951-10-15

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