US2638506A - Electrical storage of information on gas-filled tubes - Google Patents

Electrical storage of information on gas-filled tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US2638506A
US2638506A US782733A US78273347A US2638506A US 2638506 A US2638506 A US 2638506A US 782733 A US782733 A US 782733A US 78273347 A US78273347 A US 78273347A US 2638506 A US2638506 A US 2638506A
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Prior art keywords
tubes
tube
relay
digit
contact
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US782733A
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Bray Frederick Harry
Hartley George Clifford
Ridler Desmond Sydney
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International Standard Electric Corp
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International Standard Electric Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11C—STATIC STORES
    • G11C11/00—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor
    • G11C11/21—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements
    • G11C11/26—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using discharge tubes
    • G11C11/28—Digital stores characterised by the use of particular electric or magnetic storage elements; Storage elements therefor using electric elements using discharge tubes using gas-filled tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K21/00—Details of pulse counters or frequency dividers
    • H03K21/08—Output circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/18—Electrical details
    • H04Q1/30—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents
    • H04Q1/32—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents using trains of DC pulses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q1/00—Details of selecting apparatus or arrangements
    • H04Q1/18—Electrical details
    • H04Q1/30—Signalling arrangements; Manipulation of signalling currents
    • H04Q1/50—Conversion between different kinds of signals

Definitions

  • This invention relates to registering and controlling means and has for its object further improvements in the application of discharge tubes for such purposes.
  • the main feature of the invention comprises registering and controlling means comprising discharge tubes both for registering numbers and for counting stored numbers.
  • Figs. 1A and 1B illustrate an electric counter combined with an electric storage device for use for instance in an automatic telephone system
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a code for storing numbers 1 15 on a set of four storage devices, such as neon tubes; I I
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the method of counting out the record on the counter
  • Fig. 4 illustrates another embodiment of an electric counter; while Fig. 5 illustrates another alternative means for triggering one pair of tubes from another.
  • Fig. 1 may be 'used in an automatic telephone system where it is required to select a number by successively operating digit keys, each key corresponding to a digit of the number, to store the number in an electric storing device, and subsequently to send .impulses into a line, which correspond to the number selected, or to respond to revertive impulsing from a distant point.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a key-sending position at its left hand side, a storage circuit at the lower part of its right hand side,
  • the key-sending position comprises a sender key SK, ten digit keys corresponding to the'numerals 1, 2, 9, 0, a start-send key SSK, a cancel key GK, and a sender busy lamp SBL;
  • the storage circuit comprises eight sets I, v 2, I, 8, each of four circuits a, b, c, d, of neon or the like gas discharge tubes Ta, Tb, Tc, Td, each connected in series with a high ohmic resistor Ra, Rb, Rc, Dd respectively.
  • a neon or the i like tube needs a potential for striking the tube which is considerably higher than the lowest potential necessary for sustaining the discharge through the tube after the tube has been ignited (hereinafter and in the claims shortly called sus- 'taining potential).
  • sus- 'taining potential An operating potential between the striking and sustaining potentials will maintain the tube in either of two different stable conditions.
  • each tube may be in one of two dilferent conditions which may be ascertained by sensing the potential across the respective series resistor. As indicated in Fig. 2, a set of four tubes may assume sixteen different patterns depending on which of the four tubes are conducting, and which are non-conducting.
  • each digit may be stored and represented on a binary basis on such a set of fourtubes.
  • each row contains four circles corresponding to the circuits (1, b, c, d of a set of four neon tubes each in series with a resistor, the black circles indicating a circuit compnsing a conducting tube and the white circles indicating a circuit comprising a nonconducting tube.
  • Tubes a, b,'c-, d represent ascending orders of numbers scale; 1, 2, 4, 8, and record digits in are provided, which are normally charged from a supply source through the resistors RI R2, R3,
  • the resistors RI, R2, R3, R4 are shunted respectively by additional capacitors Cl, C2, C3, C4.
  • the triggering capacitors are connected in series with resistors R5, R6, R1, R8 for limiting surge currents. In the position illustrated in Fig. l, the triggering capacitors C5, C6, Cl, C8 in series with the respective series resistors R5, R6, R7, R8, are connected across various contacts, which will be described further below, to the anodes of the gas discharge tubes Ta, Tb, Tc, Td, of the first set of tubes of the storage circuit.
  • the electric counter comprises eight cold cathode discharge tubes CTl, GT2, CTT, CT8.
  • Each of these tubes comprises a cold cathode, an anode, and two auxiliary electrodes for striking the tube.
  • the tubes are arranged to form two sets of four tubes, the first set comprising the tubes CTI, GT3, GT5, CT! and the other set the tubes GT2, CT i, GT6, GT8.
  • the tubes also form four pairs of tubes, the first pair comprising the tubes CH and GT2, the second pair the tubes CT3 and GT4, the third the tubes C'It and GT5, and the fourth the tubes CT! and GT8.
  • the sender key is closed whereby the relay GA is energised.
  • contact ga9 of the relay GA is closed for a purpose which will be described further below.
  • the contact ga8 of the relay GA is closed and applies the positive operating potential derived from the supply source to all the anodes of the gas discharge tubes of the storage circuit, the cathodes of the tubes being connected to the respective series resistors, the free terminals of which are connected to the earthed negative operating potential of the supply source. also applies the positive operating potential to the main anodes of all the cold cathode tubes of the electric counter, thecathodes of the tubes of the first set being connected across the primary windings of cathode transformers Tl, T2, T3, T4, and the cathodes of the tubes of the second set being directly connected to the negative terminal of an additional supply source.
  • the contact pct-8 is closed and connects a relay CA to the cancel key CK.
  • the contact gafi connects a relay H to the start send key SSK.
  • the contacts ga5-ga2 connect respectively the triggering capacitors (18,0 3, C6, C5 to the digit keys.
  • the contact gal connects a relay S to the digit keys.
  • Relay B is energised.
  • the contacts 193-496 disconnect the triggering capacitors C5, C5, Cl, CB from the first set of gas discharge tubes of the storage circuit and connect them to its second set or" gas discharge tubes.
  • the next operation of a digit key triggers a pattern which represents the numeral corresponding to the respective key on to the second set of gas discharge tubes of the storage circuit in an analogous manner to that just described with reference to the first set of tubes.
  • the relay S is again energised and operation of its contact s! causes the locked relay A to be released but relay B holds via bl-hl.
  • the release of the digit key causesthe relay S to de-energise whereupon the relay C is energised over contacts .122 front, a1, 5!
  • the relays B to H energised on release of the eighth digit key operated and is looked over its contact dsl, While the relay H is released by short-circuit of its left hand winding. If, however, the number to be stored comprises less than eight digits, the start send. key SSK has to be operated after the last digit key has been released. Operation of the start send key energises the relay H over the contacts gas and ds3, whereby the relay DS is, again, energised and, as before, .closes a circuit via a winding of :DS, left hand winding of H, contacts h2--sl, cal .012.
  • relay H The main winding of relay H is de-energised by the operation of the contact ds3, while its locking winding is short circuited by contact dsl which is closed so that relay I-I releases its contacts.
  • the contacts ds4dsl .disconnect thewstorage circuit from the triggering capacitors C5, C6, C1, C8.
  • the contact 1138 disconnects the relay S from the digit keys.
  • the contact 4152 is closed whereby the relay TB is energised via 153 back, as: front, h2 sl back,
  • the contacts :tri4 are closed and-connect the storage circuit to the electric counter to control the transmission of the stored digits into the line ZI and 12. It will further be appreciated that since the number has been stored in a binary "code on the storage circuit, it :has to be transpf theiceld icathode tubes C'Il, GT5, GT3, .CTI
  • the tubes are of the type provided with two auxiliary electrodes either of which may b used for triggering the tube.
  • the relay GA was energised and its contact 9119 closed when the sender key the closed contact 9118, contact ca3 back and anode resistors RI5, RIB, RH, Rl8 respectively.
  • T2, T3, causes an electromotive force to be momentarily induced in the secondary transformer windings of sufficient amplitude to trigger the cold cathode tubes GT4, GT6, and GT8.
  • These tubes do not sustain since their main anode potential is, at the same time, reduced'by currents charging anode capacitors CH, CH, Gl3.
  • the conditions of. the eight tubes of the electric'counter is indicated in the rows 1, 2 of Fig. 3, row 2 indicating that the cold cathode tubes CTI,.GT3, GT5, GT1 of the first set of tubes are conducting and row I indicating that the tubes GT2, GT4, GT6, GT8 are non-conducting.
  • Fig. 3 also indicates that the cold cathode tube GTIO is non-conducting.
  • the anode capacitors Gll, G12, G13 and Gill, which is also charged, are connected between the anodes of the four pairs of tubes, one capacitor for each pair.
  • any of the cold cathode tubes GT2, GT4, GT6, GT8 of the second set "of tubes of the electric counter is triggered inla manner to be explained hereafter, the charging current flowing through the respective anode capacitor causes the potential on the anode of the corresponding tube of the first set to be sufficiently lowered, so that such corresponding tube is quenched.
  • the provision of the anode capacitors ensures that on triggering and striking of one tube (no matter whether it belongs to the first or second set of four tubes) of the electric counter, the other tube belonging to the same pair of tubes is automatically quenched.
  • Closing of the .contacts trltr4 connectsthe cathodes of the neon or the like discharge tubes Ta, Tb, Tc, T11 of the first set of tubes of-the storage circuit respectively to limiting resistors R22, R23, R24, R25 connected to the lower auxiliary electrodes of the cold cathode tubes GT8, GT6, GT4, GT2 of the electric counter.
  • Any ionised storage tube causes a potential drop across its series resistor which is applied to the said auxiliary electrode of the corresponding cold cathode tube of the second set of the electric counterv and Thereby the other tube of the same pair of tubes is quenched.
  • the binary code corresponding to the numeral 5 was impressed on the first set of gas discharge tubes of the storage circuit. Consequently the tubes Tb and Td of the first set of tubes of the storage circuit are ignited and the tubes Taand- Tc are not ignited. This causes a voltage drop across the resistors Rb and Rd of the first set which, in turn, causes the cold cathode tubes GT8 and GT4 of the second set of tubes of the electric counter to strike when the contacts trI-Tr4 are closed.
  • the tubes GT8 and GT4 belong to the fourth and second pairs of tubes of the electric counter. These tubes remain ionised and striking of these tubes causes the other tubes of the fourth and second pairs, namely tubes GT! and GT3, to be quenched as described above.
  • the condition of the eight tubes of the electric counter after the operation of the relay TR is represented in the third and fourth rows of Fig. 3.
  • the pattern corresponding to the digit 5, which is repeated in the last row of Fig. 2 is thus transferred to the second set of tubes of the electric counter (as shown in the third row from the bottomof Fig. 3) th first set of tubes of the electric counter represents a pattern (see fourth row of Fig. 3) that is complementary to that impressed on the said second set of tubes, the tube GTHl being still non-conducting.
  • the cold, cathode tubes contrary to the arrangement of the neons work on the basis that an operated tube represents a binary digit while an unoperated tube represents a zero.
  • the tubes CTI-1 therefore record the number stored while the tubes GT2B record the complement to fifteen.
  • th cold cathode tube GT9 which becomes ionised across the discharge space between its cold cathode and anode.
  • the relay ST is energised. Its contact stl is opened; contact 5132 is opened and de-energises relay TR whereby the cold cathode tubes of the second set of the electric counter are disconnected from the gas discharge tubes of the first set of the storage circuit; contact st3 is closed and prepares the anode-circuit of a cold cathode tube GT! 1; contact 8t4 energises the relay S; contact is closed and connects the auxiliary electrode of the ingof the cathode transformer T4 of the tube GT1; contact stB is closed.
  • An impulse sender Z is connected to the line Z5, Z2, and comprises contact springs ZZ connected across the line Zl, Z2, which are periodically opened and closed so that impulses may be sent into the line ll, Z2 while the contact springs Zl are open. Additional contact springs Zs are provided which operate in synchronism with the springs ZZ. While the springs Zs are closed a relay IG is short-circuited. Now, owing to the contacts W5 and stB being closed the relay IG is energised on the next opening of the contact springs Zs.
  • the tube GT2 was not ignited and the tube .G'Il ignited. After operation of the relay IG and closing of the contact .igil :the tube GT2 is ignited and the tube CT! is not ignited.
  • the condition of the eight tubes .of the electric counter after the operation of the :relay IG is represented in the 5th and 6th rows of Fig.
  • the triggering capacitor C9 is recharged.
  • the cap C9 is dischar e whereby the tube via the charging circuit of CH GT2 :of the second set is ignited and the tube "of the first set is quenched. Since the ignited tube belongs to the second .set no further tube is afiected, the -.condition of the electric counter being now represented by the 19th and 10th rows of .3, corresponding to digit '2.
  • the springs Z2 and Zs continue to operate in the manner described, whereby the relay I continues to be alternately energised and .de-energised.
  • .2 has been :so chosen that if any numeral, say for example numeral 5 or 8, has been stored, the condition of the tubes of the electric counter indicated in rows I5, n6, Fig. 3, will be reached after a corresponding number in the .example 5 or 8, of releases of the relay I, and after .a .correspond-ing'number of impulses, one oneachrelease of this relay, has been sent into the linelljl2.
  • GT7 will be quenched either immediately if the pattern is that of digit 1-? or after one or more pulses to the counting set, and is only reignited when the condition shown in the top row of Fig. .3 has been reached.
  • Jae-igniting of thetube GT7 causes an impulse to be sent through the secondary winding of the cathode transformer T8, whereby the cold cathode tube aCTI'D is ignited, the contact sit being closed.
  • the relay T is energised. Its contact tl quenches the tube GT9 and completes theanode circuit for tube GTE I; contact t2 short- .circuits the line 1!, l2, and prevents further impulses from reaching the line; contact it changes over; contact t l disconnects the relays I and IG from battery. Quenching of the tube GT9 causes 50 relay S is de-energised whereby the contact cl the "relay "ST to be ole-energised. Thereby, the
  • Relay ID is energised.
  • Contact id! is closed and causes the capacitor CIB to discharge; contact icZZ switches over, whereby the cold cathode tube CTN) is quenched and a positive potential applied to the main anode of the cold cathode tube GT9.
  • Gontact ids is closed and energises the relay TRyia $662, .012 back.
  • the contacts trl-A are closed and the electric counter is connected to the second set of tubes of the storage circuit and is ready to receive, therefrom, the pattern previously impressed the second digit of the stored number. counter, again, operates as before.
  • the arrangement clears down when no code is transferred from a set of tubes of the storage circuit
  • the to the electric counter since if no code is present neither of the cold cathode tubes 0T8 and GT6 will be ignited. Therefore, the cold cathode tube CTS is' not triggered andrelay ST is not ener ised.
  • the clear down relay CL which is slow to operate, will now be energised across contacts 371, trl, which are both closed, and contact sit! back. 0D- eration of the relay CL clears down the arrangement in the manner just described.”
  • the cancel key CK may be operated to restore the storage circuit to its initial condition.
  • relay CA On operation of the cancel key relay CA is energised. Contact ca3 is opened, whereby the potential across all the neon or the like tubes of the storage circuit is lowered below the sustaining potential and all the tubes which may be ignited are quenched. Contact cal is opened and de-energises any of the relays A H which may be energised.
  • the cancel key has been released, the relay CA is de-energised' and the circuit is in its initial condition ready for operation.
  • the cathode transformers Tl, T2, T3, T4 may be replaced by capacitors combined with a rectifier, for example, a dry rectifier, or by neon tubes on the lines described later.
  • FIG. 4 A circuit diagram of such a modified'electric counter is shown in'Fig. 4, which will'now be described.
  • the arrangement of Fig. 4 comprises eight cold cathode tubes CTOi, CT03, CT05, CTO'I forming the first set of tubes, and CTO2, CT04, (BT05, CTO8 forming the second set of tubes.
  • Each tube has a cold cathode connected across a resistor R0 R03, R05, R01; R02, R0 4,
  • each tube has, in operation, applied to 'itthe positive operating potential derived from the main supply source (not shown) whose negative terminal is earthed.
  • Each tube has two auxiliary electrodes,
  • One auxiliary electrode ofieach tube of the second set is connected across aresistor'R036, R035, R034, R033 respectively to terminals TOI, T02, T03, T04 for triggering thereon and corresponding to the release of some of these tubes and thereby impressing a digit code on the tubes of the first set.
  • the other auxiliary electrode of each tube of the second Set is connected across two resistors ROIB, R09; R0l2, ROH; R054, R013; R056, R015, respectively to an auxiliary electrode of the corresponding tube of thehfirst set.
  • the other auxiliary electrode of each-tube of the first set is connected across a resistor R02l, R022, R023, R024, re-.
  • a triggering capacitor C09 charged from the additional supply source across resistors R025, R025.
  • the cold cathodes of the tubes of each pair are ther triggering capacitor C010 is connected to the resistors R09, ROM, and is charged from the additional supply source across resistors Roll, and R027.
  • each of the capacitors 1 C05, C06, C01 is also connected respectively t0' the pair of resistors ROI 1, R012; R,0I3,'R0Hl; ROI5, ROIG, while the said other electrode of capacitor C08 is connected to a terminal T05.
  • the capacitors C05, C06, C01, C08 are connected to the positive terminal of an auxiliary supply source whose negative terminal is earthed,
  • a start relay STO is connected between the additional supply source and a terminal T06 and an impulse relay IPO is connected between the additional supply source and a terminal'TO'I.
  • the start relay STO is energised by applying earth potential to its terminal T06.
  • the contactstol is closed and discharges the triggering capacthe current limiting resistors R09, ROIU to the auxiliary anodes of the tubes CTOI, CTO2 of the first pair of tubes. ducting. Tube CTO2 is triggered and ignites.
  • the potential of the cold cathode of tube CTO2 rises from its original negative potential to a positive potential," which equals the difference between the positive potential applied to the anode and the drop of potential across the main discharge gap.
  • This rise in potential discharges the cathode coupling capacitor'COl, which causes the cathode potential of the tube CTOI to increase positively and to reduce the potential across the main discharge gap of the tube CTOI which is therefore de-ionised and. ceases to conduct.
  • tube CTOI is now quenched'and tube CTOZ'ignited.
  • the biassingresistor R028. and the rectifier MRA presents a high resistance to the flow of current in the direction from the resistor 3.028, to. the cathode, of tube CTOZ.
  • the. r lay IPO is. de-energised', its. contact ipol is released andv the triggering capacitor COIU. i charged again.
  • The. secondp rat on of theim u se relay BQ closes the contact z'pol, whereby the. triggering capacitor C010. is, again, dischar ed.
  • the tube CTQI. or the firstgroup is ncw ignited and the tube CTOZ of the. first; g'rQup quenched; in a manner analogousto. that. just; (les scribed-
  • a tube such as. tube. GTQI of the first set: of tubes ig itesatrig er impulse. is transmitted to the next; succeeding, group, so. as to ignite: that tube which waspreiziouslynot ignited. and to quench the other tube. If the tube nowig-nited belongs to. the first. set.
  • a triggering impulse is-, again, transmitted. to the. follow r up, and. so on.
  • This eiiectwiii now be explained With reference to. the first. group of tubes. tube. of the. first. set. and belonging, to. anyv other group ignites.
  • the dis.- charge current. from the capacitor C0! momentarily raises the potential on the cathodeof the tube GFIOZ sufiiciently to quench. the tube CTOZ;
  • a small neontube e. g.
  • N4 replaces the rectifier network shown- Fig. 4. This arrangement; has. the advantage of simplicity.butmay not be. so. flexible as the rectifier network.
  • the potential changes. are, the same as; before. The. positive peak potential occurs when GT6 is; de-ionised. is used to. trigger the next pair of tubes. Since th levelof peter!- ti, across. R2 is too high, a, neon N3 is;- arranged in crie such thatv the potential rop across the isch e ap of he ube reduces the. potential: applied to the control electrodes of the next. to; therequired value.
  • charge devices being capable of'assuming either? by theoperation of one of said key switching CT08; CTOG; ofEig. 3 to tube G'I'S andmontact 75;:
  • said triggering means and thus operates. a predetermined combination. of: the.- connected: group of, said storage elements corresponding: to: the digital; value. of; said digit; key switching? 7 means; on. a. codal; basis;
  • A registering and" controlling system-romantomatic telephonycomprising a. plurality of elec:-- tron. discharge devices arranged in groups; ac cording tocodal requirements, each: of" said of two conditionswoi-stability,.a plurality-'of'directa current: operated? triggering: means common. to .all said groupsof discharge devices, means fbPSBTBGr tively connecting all' of? said triggering: means;
  • a system for the electrical storage of information comprising a plurality of electron discharge devices arranged in groups according to codal requirements, a plurality of triggering means common to all of said groups comprising a plurality of direct-current operated triggerin elements corresponding to the number of discharge devices in a group, means for electrically connecting said triggering devices to a group of said devices with said triggering elements respectively connected to the devices of said group, a plurality of digit keys connected to said triggering means, each digit key operative to control predetermined combinations of said triggering elements, and stepping means responsive to the sequential operation of said digit keys and included in electrical
  • a system for the electrical storage of information comprising a plurality of electron discharge devices grouped according to codal requirements, a plurality of triggering means electrically connected to said discharge devices and comprising a triggering element for each of said discharge devices of a group, said triggering elements being common to all said groups, and a plurality of digit keys connected to said triggering means and operative to control predetermined combinations of said triggering elements, stepping means sequentially responsive to said digit keys included in said electrical connection between said triggering means and said discharge devices for stepping said common triggering means to an untriggered group of said discharge devices, said stepping means comprising a plurality of first electromagnetic relays, one relay corresponding to each group of discharge devices, said relays being serially connected to each other, a source of potential connected to each of said relays, a second electromagnetic relay, circuit means connecting said second relay to said digit keys and said source of potential so that depression of said digit keys is operable to energize said relay and release of said digit keys is operable to ale-energize said relay, signal contact means responsive to
  • a registering and controlling system for automatic telephony comprising a plurality of gas filled discharge devices grouped according to codal requirements, each of said discharge devices having two electrodes and capable of assuming two conditions of stability depending on the voltage applied across said electrodes, an initiating switch, a first source of potential, an electromagnetic relay serially connected between said initiating switch and said source of potential, 2.
  • said triggering means comprises a plurality of capacitors, one corresponding to each discharge device of a group, a plurality of resistors serially connected respectively to said capacitors and said first source of potential for maintaining a charge on said capacitors, said digit keys being operable to connect said second source of potential to predetermined combinations of said capacitors for reversing the charge on said capacitors, whereby said charging currents fiow through said resist
  • each of said plural triggering means is connected in series with an additional resistor for limiting the surge current on charging and discharging said triggering capacitors, and each of said triggering means is connected in parallel with an additional capacitor to prevent said triggered discharge devices of a group from being quenched when said triggering capacitors are recharged on release of said digit keys.
  • a register sender for automatic telephone systems comprising a plurality of discharge devices grouped according to code requirements on a binary basis, said devices being capable of assuming two conditions of stability, a set of keys, means electrically connecting said discharge devices to said keys, means operative upon the actuation of a key of said set to operate predetermined combinations of said discharge devices of a group to register in binary code form a number representative of the digital value of said key, and additional means actuated by said ke'y set upon release of a key for stepping the connections of said last named means to a different group of said discharge devices.
  • a register controller comprising a plurality of electric storage devices, each comprising members adapted to assume one or the other of two conditions of stability for storing each digit of a number in a separate device in a pattern corresponding to a binary code for the digit, means normally maintaining said members in one condition of stability, a plurality of triggering means, each of said members of said storage devices being adapted to shift to its other condition of stability when a triggering means connected to it is operated, a plurality of digit key switches, circuit means electrically connecting each of said digit key switches to a difierent combination of said triggering means, each of said triggering means being adapted to operate When a digit key switch connected to it is operated, stepping means comprising relays actuated by the operation of said digit key switches, contacts operatively associated with each of said relays, electrical con-,
  • necting means including said contacts for con- 15 16 meeting said triggering means; respectively to the members of successivs of said electric. 'starage.de Refiemnfifis M m the 111% of thlspatent vices. when said relays are successively Qperated, STATES; PATENTS and means. for operating said relays; in. succession s Number Name Date by successive aperatlonof said digit.

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2743316A (en) * 1953-01-06 1956-04-24 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Gas diode translator
US2751435A (en) * 1952-07-09 1956-06-19 Automatic Telephone & Elect Registering and translating circuits for use in telecommunication systems
US2767248A (en) * 1952-06-27 1956-10-16 Siemens Brothers & Co Ltd Electrically operated registers
US2812384A (en) * 1952-11-20 1957-11-05 Philips Corp Automatic telephone system
US2820849A (en) * 1951-08-16 1958-01-21 Int Standard Electric Corp Digital register for communication system
US2917586A (en) * 1956-02-28 1959-12-15 Siemens Edison Swan Ltd Keysenders of the kind used in telephone systems
US2946854A (en) * 1952-06-27 1960-07-26 Siemens Edison Swan Ltd Key senders of the kind used in automatic telephone and like signalling systems

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR956899A (en(2012)) 1950-02-09
US2576099A (en) 1951-11-27

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