US2638080A

US2638080A - Piston cooling for internalcombustion engines

Info

Publication number: US2638080A
Application number: US203583A
Authority: US
Inventors: Pielstick Gustav
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1950-05-15
Filing date: 1950-12-30
Publication date: 1953-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 1970-05-12

Description

May 12, 1953 G. PIELSTICK 2,638,080

PISTON COOLING FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Dec. 50, 1950 Patented May 12, 1953 PISTON COOLING FOR INTERNAL- COMBUSTION ENGINES Gustav Pielstick, Saint Germain-en-Laye, France Application December 30, 1950, Serial No. 203,583 In France May 15, 1950 1 Claim.

This invention relates to pistons for internal combustion engines, especially high-powered diesel engines.

The current trend in diesel engine construction is towards increasing values of the mean effective pressure, especially in the case of supercharged 4- cycle engines provided with turbine compressors. Experiments show that such an increase is mainly limited by the operating temperatures in the pistons. Thus, in cylinders having an average bore diameter, at high piston velocities and with an effective mean pressure of 14 kg./sq.cm., the conventional, non-cooled piston made of aluminium alloy was approximately at the limit of its practical possibilities of use. Any further increase beyond such values would require the use of forced cooling for the piston, and this could only be achieved heretofore at the cost of considerable alterations in the piston construction.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved piston construction which incorporates new and improved forced cooling means therein. Another object is to provide such a construction which does not entail any considerable modication in the design of the piston itself. A further object is to provide such cooling means which are readily removable and adapted to be removed from one, and mounted on another, piston of standard construction.

With the above and further objects in view, the invention essentially provides a piston with a cooling chamber formed above the piston pin therein, and a generally bell-shaped thin-walled member or jacket removably integrally secured in said piston and pivoted on the piston-pin, having its closed upper end sealing said cooling chamber and extending down with its open lower end around the connecting rod substantially to the lower end of the skirt of the piston, duct means in said jacket member leading to and from said cooling chamber, and inlet and outlet connec tions at the lower end of said member projecting out of the piston skirt for the circulation of a cooling iiuid through said member and said cooling chamber.

The thin-walled jacket member is so constructed as not to hinder the free expansion of the piston. The upper end of the member is seated in an aperture between the recess of the piston skirt and the cooling chamber, deiined by an inturned rib.

(CI. 12S-41.35)

According to the invention, a standard piston may be constructed for a comparatively wide range of engine power outputs.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention will now be described for purposes of illustration and not of limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. l is an axial section of a piston constructed according to a preferred form of the invention;

IFig. 2 is a section on line II--II of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a section on the broken line III-III of Fig. 1.

As shown in the drawings, the piston I is mounted in the usual manner by means of a connecting rod 2 pivoted on the piston pin 3. A hollow jacket member 4, having very thin Walls, is inserted in the piston I and secured on the piston pin 3. The member 4 terminates at its top at the piston cooling'chamber 5, and ducts t and l in the member 4 lead freely into and from the chamber 5. At its lower end the part 4 is provided with hollow joints B, 9 which connect the internal space I0, II of the part 4 with conduits I2 and I3 through which a cooling :Huid may be made to flow.

In operation, when the motor requires a forced cooling for the piston, the cooling fluid is caused to circulate along the path indicated by the arrows f1, f2, f3, f4.

The same piston may also be used in connec tion with a motor operating without the requirement of forced cooling.

Similarly, when the necessity arises of replacing a piston in the motor, the part 4 may be easily removed and mounted on the new piston.

It will be understood that modifications may be made in the details of the embodiment described and illustrated within the scope of the invention.

What I claim is:

In a piston assembly for an internal combustion engine comprising a piston of a usual type, a connecting rod and a piston pin connecting the piston and the connecting rod, an independent inner removable substantially bell-shaped thin walled jacket means with a solid upper portion removably located inside said piston and pivoted about said piston pin, said jacket means dening a completely closed cooling chamber in the upper part of said piston above said piston pin, duct means in said jacket means leading into and out of said cooling chamber, and uid-intake and outlet connections at the lower end of said jacket member, providing for a continuous and controlled flow of cooling fluid in said cooling chamber, the said jacket with its related uid ducts and connections constituting a complete and single assembly adapted for insertion in said piston.

GUSTAV PIELSTICK.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS l Name Date Burn Oct. 27, 1914 Number