US2637818A - Electron accelerator - Google Patents

Electron accelerator Download PDF

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Publication number
US2637818A
US2637818A US237925A US23792551A US2637818A US 2637818 A US2637818 A US 2637818A US 237925 A US237925 A US 237925A US 23792551 A US23792551 A US 23792551A US 2637818 A US2637818 A US 2637818A
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United States
Prior art keywords
radiation
electron
window
ray
electrons
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Expired - Lifetime
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US237925A
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English (en)
Inventor
Gund Konrad
Berger Hans
Scheer Max Martin
Schittenhelm Rudolf
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Individual
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H11/00—Magnetic induction accelerators, e.g. betatrons

Definitions

  • This invention is concerned with an electron accelerator having means for deiiecting the electrons describing a circular orbit inwardly within the accelerating vessel, from this orbit onto an X-ray-producing target disposed inside the orbit and alternatively outwardly of said orbit, to produce X-ray radiation and electron radiation, respectively, and comprising separate radiation exit windows, one for electrons and the other for X- rays, and control means for selectively utilizing,
  • the deflection means is in accordance with the invention alterable or switchable, e. "g., to change the polarity of suitable eld control means to cause the desired deection of the accelerated electrons.
  • An auxiliary field or interference coil may be used throughv which is conducted a current, im-
  • a switch maybe provided for controlling the direction of current flow of the impulse flowing through the coil.
  • a large X-ray radiation exitwindow may be provided in conjunction with a coacting adjustable, e. g., slidable, shield for selectively freeing predetermined portions of such window to permit passage of X-rays or of electrons emerging from the corresponding electron exit window.
  • Suitable contact means may be operated by the displacement of the adjustable shield which effect, the operative switching ofthe electron deiiection means.
  • Fig. l shows in diagrammatic representation an embodiment of an electron accelerator according to the invention, as seen from the front thereof;
  • Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the ac. celerator.
  • Numeral I indicates the magnet yoke of the accelerator and 2 a doughnut-shaped accelerating vessel.
  • the dot-dash circle 3 in Fig. 2 denotes the orbital acceleration or equilibrium path of the electrons.
  • An X-ray target "4 A(anode-l is disposed within the accelerating-vessel;inside of the orbital equilibrium path 3. The electron exit,
  • window 6 is provided in the necks of the "vessel 2.
  • the accelerator is partly shielded by alead shield 'l which is provided with the X-jrayexlt window 8.
  • the window 8 is larger thanisne'cessary for the desired X-ray radiatiomf thatl is, it is so large that the electrons emerging from the window 6 can pass therethrough.
  • a lead member 9 which is adjustable to form in one terminal position a shield to block the electron radiation vfrom the exit window t, while permitting the passage of the X-ray radiation.
  • the lead member ii frees the part of the window 8 in the shield l, which is required for the exit of the electrons.
  • the lead member 9 is secured to the bars iii which are guided in cross-sectionally U-shaped rails Il. Movably connected with the lead member are the arms l2. These arms are linked to the crossbar l5 which may be displaced for moving'or shifting the lead member from one to the other terminal position responsive to actuation-ofthe sprindle l5 journalled at i3 and L4, the spindle -being in threaded engagement with the Icrossbar It and being operable by the handwheel il.
  • the drive for the lead member 9 thus is a self-locking drive which holds ,the lead member. in any ⁇ position of adjustment.
  • One of the arms I2 carries a pin i8 for operating contact springs i9 and 2l] in the two respective terminal positions of the lead member 9.
  • the contact Ilgoverns the operation of a control device for lswitching in suitable means to deflect the electrons from the orbital equilibrium pathinwardly whenever terminal velocity is attained; and the contact 20 is disposed in the circuit of control means for similarly switching in suitable means to deflect the electrons from the orbital equilibrium path outwardly whenever terminal velocity is attained.
  • control device and the associated electron deflection means have not been illustrated in the drawings, because these means may be of any known kind for obtaining the desired and described results.
  • the control device may, for example,v comprise suitable electronic circuits and the propei ⁇ elements therefor, for switching in and out at thel proper times the electron deection m.e ⁇ ans;.fY andthe latter, in accordance withk'nwn practice, may comprise suitable field control means', for example, ,auxiliary windings on the magnet' of the accelerator, for causing deilectio'n of theelectrons in the corresponding directions.
  • Thecontacts I9 and 20 thus operate the' control .means inthe manner of triggers Which inturncause momentary current impulses in the deilection coil means, to produce deflection ofthe electrons in the desired direction, either inwardly'or outwardly of the orbital equilibriumpathi..
  • for projecting Iover the mirrors 22f "and 23 two light beams indicated in Fig. 2 by arrows.
  • the mirrors may be formed by foils of suitable material which -is penetrable by the electronsvfrom the window 6 and by the X-rays along -the path to the window 8, respectively.
  • The-mirror 22 disposed in the path of the electron radiation, and the mirror 23 is disposed in the path of the X-ray radiation.
  • the light beams correspond in their spatial dimensions to the dimensions of the electron and X-ray radiations, respectively.
  • member 9 is adjustedeither for electron'radiel tion from the window 6 or for X-ray radiation from the Window 8-one or the other light beam corresponding thereto will be permitted, topass to the outside to indicate in the manner of a pointer the kind of radiation that i5 atnytime..
  • Electron accelerator having a vessel in which the electrons describe a circular orbital equilibrium path comprising means. formingv Within said vessel insideof said orbital path an X-ray target, means for deectillg the @19619191.15 from the orbital equilibrium path inwardly ont@v said target and alternativeiy .outwardlythereoh means forming separate radiation exibwndows,
  • control means for selectively switching in .either one .of sadelectron deection means to produce X-ray .and electron radiation, respectively, for emergence, through the respective exit window.
  • coniprisirig means disposed between said Xfray radiationA shielding means and said -vessel to'produce a light beam for individually indicating zthergespeg:T tive radiation emerging from either one of-id.
  • the means for moving said radiation blockins member comprises means forming guider/ars for movably Asecuring said blocking member, link means articulately connected with said blocking member, and self-locking gear means for ,movingsaid link means to move said blocking member.
  • said optical means compris-ing .a ,light sou-ree .and two mirrors one ofsad mirrors beine;4 disposed in the path of said Xerayradation and the other mirror beine disposed in therath ofnsad electron radiation- '11.;'Ihe .structure as set forth in claim 7, .tog-ether with Contactv means controlled bv said means'for moving said radiation blocking meinber, and. .control means governed by said Contact meansv for effecting ldeilection of the electrons in said vessel .relative to said orbital path.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
US237925A 1950-07-24 1951-07-21 Electron accelerator Expired - Lifetime US2637818A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE289529X 1950-07-24

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US2637818A true US2637818A (en) 1953-05-05

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US237925A Expired - Lifetime US2637818A (en) 1950-07-24 1951-07-21 Electron accelerator

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US (1) US2637818A (de)
CH (1) CH289529A (de)
GB (1) GB689542A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2786948A (en) * 1953-12-14 1957-03-26 Cormack E Boucher Portable X-ray unit
US2913619A (en) * 1954-04-29 1959-11-17 Applied Radiation Corp Particle accelerators
US2959700A (en) * 1958-11-24 1960-11-08 Shell Oil Co Particle accelerator
US3135889A (en) * 1962-05-22 1964-06-02 Jack A Soules Protected window x-ray tube
US3322950A (en) * 1964-09-01 1967-05-30 Varian Associates Linear accelerator radiotherapy device and associated beam defining structure
US3360647A (en) * 1964-09-14 1967-12-26 Varian Associates Electron accelerator with specific deflecting magnet structure and x-ray target
US3576997A (en) * 1968-09-24 1971-05-04 Intelligent Instr Inc Particle accelerator employing a revolving electric field for generating x-rays

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006050952A1 (de) 2006-10-28 2008-04-30 Smiths Heimann Gmbh Bleiabschirmung für ein Betatron
DE102006050950A1 (de) * 2006-10-28 2008-04-30 Smiths Heimann Gmbh Betatron mit herausnehmbaren Beschleunigerblock

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2257050A (en) * 1940-08-19 1941-09-23 Picker X Ray Corp Waite Mfg Timing apparatus for x-ray exposures
US2331586A (en) * 1941-11-18 1943-10-12 George G Wasisco X-ray shield
US2331788A (en) * 1942-01-20 1943-10-12 Gen Electric Magnetic induction accelerator
US2394070A (en) * 1942-06-02 1946-02-05 Gen Electric Magnetic induction accelerator
US2474422A (en) * 1947-11-20 1949-06-28 F R Machine Works X-ray equipment
US2486503A (en) * 1946-07-10 1949-11-01 Allen C Stephens Target indicator
US2585549A (en) * 1949-11-02 1952-02-12 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Apparatus for accelerating electrons

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2257050A (en) * 1940-08-19 1941-09-23 Picker X Ray Corp Waite Mfg Timing apparatus for x-ray exposures
US2331586A (en) * 1941-11-18 1943-10-12 George G Wasisco X-ray shield
US2331788A (en) * 1942-01-20 1943-10-12 Gen Electric Magnetic induction accelerator
US2394070A (en) * 1942-06-02 1946-02-05 Gen Electric Magnetic induction accelerator
US2486503A (en) * 1946-07-10 1949-11-01 Allen C Stephens Target indicator
US2474422A (en) * 1947-11-20 1949-06-28 F R Machine Works X-ray equipment
US2585549A (en) * 1949-11-02 1952-02-12 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Apparatus for accelerating electrons

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2786948A (en) * 1953-12-14 1957-03-26 Cormack E Boucher Portable X-ray unit
US2913619A (en) * 1954-04-29 1959-11-17 Applied Radiation Corp Particle accelerators
US2959700A (en) * 1958-11-24 1960-11-08 Shell Oil Co Particle accelerator
US3135889A (en) * 1962-05-22 1964-06-02 Jack A Soules Protected window x-ray tube
US3322950A (en) * 1964-09-01 1967-05-30 Varian Associates Linear accelerator radiotherapy device and associated beam defining structure
US3360647A (en) * 1964-09-14 1967-12-26 Varian Associates Electron accelerator with specific deflecting magnet structure and x-ray target
US3576997A (en) * 1968-09-24 1971-05-04 Intelligent Instr Inc Particle accelerator employing a revolving electric field for generating x-rays

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Publication number Publication date
CH289529A (de) 1953-03-15
GB689542A (en) 1953-04-01

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