US2636754A - Seal for hydrogen-cooled generators - Google Patents

Seal for hydrogen-cooled generators Download PDF

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Publication number
US2636754A
US2636754A US115505A US11550549A US2636754A US 2636754 A US2636754 A US 2636754A US 115505 A US115505 A US 115505A US 11550549 A US11550549 A US 11550549A US 2636754 A US2636754 A US 2636754A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
oil
air
seal
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US115505A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rene A Baudry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CBS Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE497973D priority Critical patent/BE497973A/xx
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority to US115505A priority patent/US2636754A/en
Priority to DEW2961A priority patent/DE820764C/de
Priority to GB17306/50A priority patent/GB681754A/en
Priority to FR1024386D priority patent/FR1024386A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2636754A publication Critical patent/US2636754A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/12—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas
    • H02K5/124—Sealing of shafts

Definitions

  • My invention relates to hydrogen-cooled polyphase generators, or other machines which have a substantially hermetically tight, hydrogenfilled housing, with the hydrogen at higher than atmospheric pressure, and having a rotatable shaft extending through the housing, with a gland seal surrounding said shaft Where it extends through said housing, and means for pumping or forcing oil through said gland seal.
  • the oil which is supplied to the gland seal escapes partly to the air side, and partly to the hydrogen side of the seal.
  • the average oil-flow is 3 G. P. M. (gallons per minute) from the air side of the seal, and 1% G. P. M. from the gas side. It is reasonable to assume that the oil flowing to the air side picks up 10% of air by volume. The air-side drain-oil would therefore contain in solution 57% cu. ft. of air per day.
  • the oil to the gland seal will consist of 3 parts air-side oil to 1 parts gas-side oil. Therefore oil to the gland seal would have in solution air by volume.
  • the rate of air-transfer, into the hydrogen-cooled machine, through the recirculation of the seal-oil can be kept down to a figure which is low enough to admit of the use of a small amount of make-up hydrogen, which is quite satisfactory from a commercial standpoint.
  • a further object of my invention is to provide a novel type of orifice-Valve for controlling the amount of leak-off hydrogen, as such a valve presents certain problems because of the extremely slow rate of hydrogen-flow which must be provided, and also because of the small molecular size of the hydrogen-gas, Which makes it particularly difiicult to accurately control its flow through very small passages.
  • my invention consists in the systems, combinations, structures, parts and design-methods hereinafter described and claimed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, the single figure of which is a diagrammatic cross-sectional simplified showing of apparatus illustrating one form of embodiment of my invention.
  • a hydrogen-cooled machine having a substantially hermetically-tight, hydrogen-filled housing or casing l, including a substantially upright bearing-bracket 2.
  • the bearing-bracket has a bearing-receiving opening 3 therein, in which is disposed an oil-lubricated bearing 4.
  • the casing I contains hydrogen at higher than atmospheric pressure, and this hydrogen is recirculated, within the machine, as by means of fans 5.
  • the rotor 6 of the machine is mounted on a shaft I which extends through the bearing 4. so as to pass through the portion of the casing which is shown in the drawing.
  • a gland-seal structure I l is provided being illustrated as being secured to the inside of the bearing-bracket 2, in a position suitable for providing a gas-tight seal I2 which surrounds the shaft at a point on the hydrogen side of the bearing.
  • This gland seal i2 is provided for the purpose of preventing, as much as possible, the escape of hydrogen from the housing at the point where the shaft extends through the housing. Oil must be continuously supplied to this gland seal 12, through a suitable oil-feed pipe IS.
  • the oil which is supplied to the seal enters the seal near its center, and flows to the surface of the shaft, at which point the oil divides and moves in both directions along the shaft, that is, both toward the air side of the seal and toward the hydrogen side of the seal, as is known in the art.
  • I provide a small hydrogen-chamber IE immediately surrounding the hydrogen side of the seal 12, this small hydrogen-chamber being separated from the hydrogen-filled housing, or from the main filling of hydrogen-gas within said housing, through a long and restricted clearance-space l surrounding the shaft 7, a suitable labyrinth it being provided for this purpose.
  • a drain-hole H which leads to a combined defoaming-tank and gas-trap IS.
  • the liquid oil is drained from this oil-tank i8 through a suitable drain-pipe l9, under the control of a float-valve 20.
  • I provide the top part of the oil-tank it, above the oi1-level therein. with a continuously operating, slow-hydrogen-leak-oif passage which may be adjusted to permit hydrogen-flow at the rate of anywhere from 9 to 80 or 100 cubic feet per day, or such other amount as may be desirable in any particular machine.
  • the slow-hydrogen-leak-ofi passage 23 preferably includes a special kind of orifice-valve 24, comprising a ring-member 25 and a plug-member 26 hav ng close tolerance 21 therebetween, Any suitable means is provided, for causing the leak-ofi hydrogen to pass axially through said tolerance 27, such means being illustrated in the form of an axially drilled hole 28 in the plug 26, and one or more communicating axial holes 29, wh ch supply the leak-off hydrogen to an annular groove 3! in said plug 25.
  • the hydrogen then escapes axially along the tolerance or clearance 2? between the plug 26 and the ring 27, thus reaching a space 3!, from which the hydrogen escapes through a pipe or opening 32.
  • the rate of gas-flow through this special orifice-valve may be controlled by means of a hand-wheel 33 which adjusts the axial position of the plug 26 w thin the ring 25, so as to control the axial length of the hydrogen-passage through the tolerance 27.
  • the ring 25 and the plug 26 can be made from a set of ring and plug gauges, which are regularly produced to close tolerances, and with which, if the nominal diametrical clearance is .001 inch, the radial clearance will be kept between .000445 and .0005 inch.
  • I also provide a separate drain-pipe 3 3 for withdrawing air-side oil from the air side of the glandseal l2.
  • this air-side oil is caused to fiow from this drain-pipe t l to a gas-trap 34', and thence downwardly through a gas-washer or scrubber 35, and thence to a drain-pipe 35 which is large enough to carry both the washed oil and the leak-off hydrogen, which is used for washing or scrubbing the airside oil, so as to remove as much as possible of the air and water-vapor therefrom.
  • the hydrogen-side drain-pipe E9, the hydrogen-leak-ofi pipe 32, and the washed-oil air-side drain-pipe 35 all empty into a gas-space 31 at the top of an oil-reservoir 38.
  • leak-off hydrogen enters said gas-space 3'! through the pipe 32, keeps said gas-space scoured of accumulated air or moisture, and passes on upwardly through the oversized air-side drain-pipe 36, and into the bottom of the gaswasher 35.
  • the hydrogen-flow through the gaswasher 35 is thus in a direction counter to the oil-flow, so that the hydrogen removes most of the air and vapor which is dissolved in the air-side oil which comes out of the gland seal 2, with the purest oil in contact with the pure hydrogen.
  • the hydrogen then escapes from the top of the gas-washer 35, through a gas-escape pipe 39.
  • a circulation of oil is provided by means of an oil-circulating pipe 4
  • the air-side oil in the drain-pipe 34, carries approximately the same amount of air as heretofore, due to the passage of the sealoil through the gland-seal 12.
  • this air-volume 57% cubic feet per day.
  • the leak-off hydrogen amounts to 100 cubic feet per day.
  • this air-infiltration into the machine does not contaminate the main body of hydrogen within the machine, but only the hydrogen in the small hydrogen-chamber Hi immediately surrounding the hydrogen side of the gland seal l2. This is because the hydrogen is continuously escaping from the small chamber it, at a slow rate of the order of cubic feet per day or less, and hence a like amount of hydrogen is flowing axially along the restricted clearancespace E5 of the labyrinth seal it, in the direction from the main body of hydrogen in the machinehousing I, through said clearance-space l5, and thence into the restricted hydrogen-chamber I i.
  • the gas-pressure in the small hydrogenchamber [4 is intermediate between the hydrogen-pressure which is maintained in the main body of the space within the machine-housing i and the pressure of the surrounding atmosphere, so that practically no air can leak out of the small hydrogen-space M into the main hydrogen-space within the machine-housing. It will be under stood that the hydrogen-pressure within the main machine-housing i is automatically maintained, by suitable hydrogen-inlet and pressure-control means (not shown), as is common in the art of hydrogen-cooled generators.
  • a hydrogen-cooled machine having a substantially hermetically tight, hydrogen-filled housing, the hydrogen being at higher than atmospheric pressure, said machine having a rotatable shaft extending through the housing, a gland seal surrounding said shaft where it extends through said housing, means for supplying oil to said gland seal, means for providing a small hydrogen-chamber on the hydrogen side of the gland seal, means for causing said small hydrogen-chamber to be separated from the hydrogenfilled housing through a long and restricted clearance-space around the shaft, means for withdrawing air-side oil from the air side of said gland seal, means for causing said air-side oil to flow through a gas-washer, means for recirculating the washed air-side oil through the oil-supplying means of the gland seal, means for pro viding a continuously operating, slow-hydrogenleak-off passage from said small hydrogen-chamher to the gas-washer so as to cause a hydrogenfiow through said gas-washer in a direction counter to the oil-flow, and means for providing a gas-escape passage from the gas-

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
US115505A 1949-09-13 1949-09-13 Seal for hydrogen-cooled generators Expired - Lifetime US2636754A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE497973D BE497973A (es) 1949-09-13
US115505A US2636754A (en) 1949-09-13 1949-09-13 Seal for hydrogen-cooled generators
DEW2961A DE820764C (de) 1949-09-13 1950-07-11 Verfahren zur Entlueftung der stroemenden Dichtungsfluessigkeit bei wasserstoffgekuehlten Maschinen
GB17306/50A GB681754A (en) 1949-09-13 1950-07-11 Improvements in or relating to hydrogen-cooled machines
FR1024386D FR1024386A (fr) 1949-09-13 1950-09-07 Génératrices à refroidissement par hydrogène

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US115505A US2636754A (en) 1949-09-13 1949-09-13 Seal for hydrogen-cooled generators

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2636754A true US2636754A (en) 1953-04-28

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ID=22361833

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US115505A Expired - Lifetime US2636754A (en) 1949-09-13 1949-09-13 Seal for hydrogen-cooled generators

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2636754A (es)
BE (1) BE497973A (es)
DE (1) DE820764C (es)
FR (1) FR1024386A (es)
GB (1) GB681754A (es)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2968499A (en) * 1957-07-16 1961-01-17 Gen Electric Shaft seal for hydrogen-cooled generator
US3670850A (en) * 1969-10-27 1972-06-20 Judson S Swearingen Removal of dispersed gas from lubricating fluids
US3688872A (en) * 1971-02-11 1972-09-05 Gen Electric Combined bearing lubrication-hydrogen seal system for generator
US5105636A (en) * 1991-01-03 1992-04-21 White Consolidated Industries, Inc. Bearing and seal system for fabric treatment machines
US5463883A (en) * 1994-11-22 1995-11-07 Pellerin Milnor Corporation Textile treating machine
US5927106A (en) * 1997-10-29 1999-07-27 Pellerin Milnor Corporation Textile treating machine
EP2079151A1 (de) * 2007-12-07 2009-07-15 Sensoplan Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Generators für die Stromgewinnung in Kraftwerken
EP3340441A1 (de) * 2016-12-23 2018-06-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische rotationsmaschine

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1012999B (de) * 1952-09-24 1957-08-01 Siemens Ag Beruehrungslose OElfilm-Wellendichtung fuer wasserstoffgekuehlte Stromerzeuger
DE1007869B (de) * 1952-11-04 1957-05-09 Licentia Gmbh Verfahren bzw. Einrichtung zur gemeinsamen OElversorgung der Wellendichtungen und Lager bei wasserstoffgekuehlten Generatoren
NL92338C (es) * 1953-05-06

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1559182A (en) * 1923-11-23 1925-10-27 Gen Electric Dynamo-electric machine
US2236274A (en) * 1938-06-25 1941-03-25 Gen Electric Liquid film seal
US2282675A (en) * 1940-11-05 1942-05-12 Gulf Research Development Co Controller for flowing gases
US2288997A (en) * 1940-06-18 1942-07-07 Daniel H Eggert Gas flow control valve for signal lights
US2350753A (en) * 1943-03-08 1944-06-06 Gen Electric Liquid seal
US2470664A (en) * 1945-01-25 1949-05-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Sealing means
US2501304A (en) * 1948-11-30 1950-03-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Gland-seal bearing for gas-cooled equipment
US2504899A (en) * 1948-02-17 1950-04-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Bearing bracket for hydrogencooled generators

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1559182A (en) * 1923-11-23 1925-10-27 Gen Electric Dynamo-electric machine
US2236274A (en) * 1938-06-25 1941-03-25 Gen Electric Liquid film seal
US2288997A (en) * 1940-06-18 1942-07-07 Daniel H Eggert Gas flow control valve for signal lights
US2282675A (en) * 1940-11-05 1942-05-12 Gulf Research Development Co Controller for flowing gases
US2350753A (en) * 1943-03-08 1944-06-06 Gen Electric Liquid seal
US2470664A (en) * 1945-01-25 1949-05-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Sealing means
US2504899A (en) * 1948-02-17 1950-04-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp Bearing bracket for hydrogencooled generators
US2501304A (en) * 1948-11-30 1950-03-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Gland-seal bearing for gas-cooled equipment

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2968499A (en) * 1957-07-16 1961-01-17 Gen Electric Shaft seal for hydrogen-cooled generator
US3670850A (en) * 1969-10-27 1972-06-20 Judson S Swearingen Removal of dispersed gas from lubricating fluids
US3688872A (en) * 1971-02-11 1972-09-05 Gen Electric Combined bearing lubrication-hydrogen seal system for generator
US5105636A (en) * 1991-01-03 1992-04-21 White Consolidated Industries, Inc. Bearing and seal system for fabric treatment machines
US5463883A (en) * 1994-11-22 1995-11-07 Pellerin Milnor Corporation Textile treating machine
US5927106A (en) * 1997-10-29 1999-07-27 Pellerin Milnor Corporation Textile treating machine
EP2079151A1 (de) * 2007-12-07 2009-07-15 Sensoplan Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben eines elektrischen Generators für die Stromgewinnung in Kraftwerken
EP3340441A1 (de) * 2016-12-23 2018-06-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische rotationsmaschine
WO2018114116A1 (de) 2016-12-23 2018-06-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische rotationsmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE820764C (de) 1951-11-12
GB681754A (en) 1952-10-29
BE497973A (es)
FR1024386A (fr) 1953-04-01

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