US2635189A

US2635189A - Wave guide antenna with bisectional radiator

Info

Publication number: US2635189A
Application number: US616369A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lester C Van Atta
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1945-09-14
Filing date: 1945-09-14
Publication date: 1953-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 1970-04-14

Description

April 14, 1953 L. c. VAN ATTA 2,635,189

WAVE GUIDE ANTENNA WITH BISECTIONAL RADIATOR Filed Sept. 14, 1945 2 SHEETSSHEET 1 INVENTOR.

LESTER C. VAN ATTA ATTORNEY April 14, 1953 L. c. VAN ATTA 2,635,189

WAVE GUIDE ANTENNA WITH BISECTIONAL RADIATOR Filed Sept. 14, 1945 2 S1-iEETS--SHEET 2 IN V EN TOR.

LESTER C. VAN ATTA Q/Ww 2 4 M.

ATTOR NEY I5 of wave guide II). has an aperture I4 therethrough corresponding Patented Apr. 14,, 1953 WAVE GUIDE ANTENNA WITH BIsEc'rIoNAL RADIATOR I Lester C. Van Atta, Winchester, Mass., assignor, by mesne assignments, to the United States of America as represented by the Secretary of War 7 I Application September 14, 1945, Serial No. 616,369

7 Claims; (01. 250-.33 .63)

This invention relates to antennas for high frequency communication systems and particularly to radiating elements of the slot or dipole type fed by an enclosed transmission line such as a hollow pipe wave guide or coaxial conductor.

It is the principal object of this invention to provide a novel radiating element adapted to radiate electromagnetic waves of energy with higher powers andover a greater bandwidth than heretofore obtainable with the conventional slot radiators or conventional dipole radiator.

It is another object of the invention to provide a novel radiating element of smoothly curved conformation adapted to eliminate discontinuities,corners and critical dimensions, which disadvantages are inherent in dipole or slot radiators as heretofore known.

For a better understanding of the invention together with other and further objects thereof,

reference is had to the following description,

'ment of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a slot type radiating element according to further-embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the radiating element of Fig. 5. I

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 2, I designates a wave guide generally of rectangular cross-section adapted to transmit energy in the suitable modes from a source not shown. A novel radiating element according to this invention is generally designated II and comprises two sections of a dipole, these sections being indicated by I2 and I3. j Section I2 comprises a gradually flared leaf-like member having a circular base I4 connected to and mounted on one of the broad walls Circular base portion I4 to an opening in wall I5 for receiving and permitting passage of the neck or stem portion I6 of the radiating element I3. I

Radiating element I3 is also leaf-shaped and has a neck or stem portion I6 extending through 2 aperture I 4' in circular base portion I4 of "element I2 and terminating in an enlarged base portion I1, is connected to and in contact with the inner surface of broadwall I8 of wave guide I6 opposite to broad wall I5.

The broad leaf-like portions of elements 12 and I3 have their planes generally parallel to the broadwall I5 of wave guide I0 and are disposed in opposite directions longitudinallyof wave guide I6. The distance a: between the extreme edge portions ofelements I2 and I3 is preferably approximately one-half the wavelength or more of the radiant energy at the desired frequency of operation and the height of the broad leaf-like portions of each of elements I2 and I3 above wave guide III is preferablya quarter wavelength, or less, which permits the wave guide I i! to serve as a reflecting surface for the dipole radiating elements I2 and I3. The gradual change of form and dimension of radiating elements I2 and I3 serves to increase both the power handling capacity and the band width of the power radiating element II. The base portion I! of element I3 picks up energy propagated within wave guide III which is carried through the neck portion I6 into the broad leaflike portions of element I3. It will thus be seen that radiating element II comprises a uniform and gradually flared dipole center fed from opposite walls of wave guide II] by means of base portions I l and I1. Base portion Il may, if

- desired, be shaped in the standard door-knob -Dipole radiating element comprises a substantially circular base 2I mounted on andconnected to one of the broad walls of wave guide 22. From the circular base 2| there extend upwardly two flaring leaf-

like dipole sections

23 and 24 of uniform and gradual conformation extending in opposite directions from the approximate periphery of base portion 2I so that the broad leaf-

like end portions

25 and 26 have their planes substantially parallel with the broad wall of wave guide 22. p

Extending through aperture 2! in the base portion 2I through a corresponding opening in the wall of said wave guide and into the region of propagation within wave guide 22 is a probe 28 of any desired and suitable design adapted to pick up energy propagated within wave guide 22. Probe 28 extends upwardly through the base portion 2! and curves smoothly toopen through a flared end portion 29 near the edge of leaf-like portion 26. The flared end portion 29 serves to feed energy to the leaf-like portion 26 and thus to excite the dipole radiating element 20.

The diameter of the circular base portion 2| is preferably approximately oneto two-tenths of the wavelength of the energy at the desired frequency .of .operation and the dimension n: between the extremities :of

portions

25 and 26 is approximately one-half wavelength as in the case of Fig. 1. Probe 28 may, if desired, be adjustable as to depth of penetration into waveguide 22 to control the power output to radiating :iiipo'le :ele-' .vided in one of its walls with a transversely, in

cludin if desired, a diagonally, arranged slot 3| which may serve as ahalf wave slot radiator of conventional design. Connected along each of the longitudinal edges of slot 3 are radiating plates 32 .and 33 comprising substantially flat sheets of electrically conductive materialhaving their edges along the edges of slot'3'l ben'tso that :the planes of plates .32 and 33 are substantially parallel to I the broad wall-of waveguideBll. .Thus,

plates

32 and 33 .areconnected along one of their edges'to the opposite edge portions of slot 3| and :then

bent away from each other so that they are in alignment and their common plane is parallel to the broad wall .of wave guide '30. Preferably the .distance .zc between the extreme ,free edges of plates .32 .and 3,3 is approximately half a wavellength and the distance .11 between the plates 32 and 3.3 at their free edges .and wave guide 30 is preferably less than a quarter wavelength. In seffect, plates .32 and 33 may be dimensioned .so that their overall dimensions form a square conducting plane one-half wavelength on edge which is adapted .to be excited by the radiation through slctBJ and act as .a dipole radiating element.

Theradiatin elements, as shown and described hereinbefore with reference to the several figures in the drawings, have been .capable of having a igreater power handling capacity and are effective over a greater band of frequencies than dipole or slot radiating elements heretofore used.

While the invention has been herein described with reference to a rectangular wave guide for feedin energy to the radiating element, it will be understood that the invention is not limited to this particular structure. elements according to the invention may .be

Instead the radiating mounted on and coupled to a :hollow pipe wave .guide .of any desired cross-section or a coaxial conductor along the length or ,at the ends thereof.

While there has been described what is at present considered the preferred embodiments of the invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. An antenna for high frequency communication systems including arectangular hollow pipe wave guide for transmission of waves of electromagnetic energy, a radiating element coupled to I the energy in said Wave guide, said element comprising two leaf-likesections extending outwardly from one of the walls of said wave guide, saidsections being bent away from each other substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of said Wave guide toward opposite ends of said wave guide in such a manner that their planes are in substantial alignment and substantially parallel to said wall of said wave guide.

2. An antenna as claimed in claim 1 wherein thedistancebetween opposite-extremities between each section are approximately half the wavelength of the energy at the desired frequency of operation and wherein the distance from each of said extremities to the adjacent wall of said wave guide is no more than a quarter wavelength of said energy.

3. .An antenna :as claimed in claim 1 in which saidelement comprises a dipole, one of the dipole iSBfitiQIIS comprisin a substantially circular base having an aperture therein, said base being mounted on one of the broad walls of said wave guide, .said one section being leaf-like in shape and extending gradually and uniformly away drom saidbase and said Waveguide, the othe pne of said sections comprising a base connected to the surface or the other broad wall o'fsaidw'ave guide, a neck portion extending to said "base through said aperture, and a uniformlyandgradually flaring portion connected to the said neck portion, the free ends of said leaf-like portions extending in opposite directions longitudinally of .said wave guide with their planes substantially parallel with the broad wall of said waveguide.

a. An antenna as claimed in claim 1 wherein said elementcomprises a dipole, said two dipole sections comprise a substantially circular base having an aperture therein connected .to one or the broad walls of said wave guide and gradually flaring leaf-like portions extending .from said base away from said wall and longitudinally away from said wave guide,.said wall having an opening therein corresponding to said aperturauand wherein a probe is disposed in a region of propagationin said Wave guide, amember connected to said probe and extending through said opening and through said aperture andalong the general conformation of on of said dipole sections, said 0 member terminating in a flared end portion adjacent the extremity of one of said sectionssaid member beingadapted to transmit energy picked up by said probe to said one section wherebyisaid radiating element is excited by said energy.

5. An antenna as claimed in claim 1 wherein the wave guide has a radiating slot-disposed transversely in one of the walls thereof, and wherein each of said dipole sections comprises substantially rectangular plate members, each plate-member being connected along one of their edges to opposite longitudinal edges of said slot.

6. An antenna as claimed in claim l-wherein said element comprises a dipole, said twodipole sections comprise a substantially circular base havin an aperture therein connected to one of the broad Walls of said wave guide and gradually flaring leaf-like portions extending from 'said base away from said wall and longitudinally away from said wave guide, said wall having an opening therein corresponding to said aperture, and wherein a probe is disposed in a region of propagation in said wave guide, a member'connecte'd to said probe and extending through said opening and through said aperture and along the'general conformation of one of said dipole section's, said member terminating in a flared end portion adjacent the extermity of one of said sections, said member being adapted to transmit energy picked up by said probe to said one section where by said radiating element is excited by said energy, and wherein said circular base has a diameter of between one-tenth and two-tenths of a wavelength of said energy at the desired frequency of operation.

7. An antenna as claimed in claim 1 wherein the wave guide has a radiating slot disposed transversely in one of the walls thereof, wherein each of said dipole sections comprisessubstantially rectangular plate members, each plate member being connected along one of their edges to opposite longitudinal edges of said slot, and wherein said rectangular sections together form a square each of wnose edges equals approximately onehalf of a Wavelength of said energy at the desired frequency of operation.

LESTER C. VAN ATTA.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Southworth July 9, 1940 Usselman Mar. 11, 1941 King Mar. 4, 1947 Masters Nov. 4, 1947 Johnson et a1 Dec. 30, 1947 Masters Aug. 30, 1949 Buchwalter et a1. June 20, 1950