US2633120A

US2633120A - Combustion apparatus

Info

Publication number: US2633120A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1953-03-31
Anticipated expiration: 1970-03-31

Description

March 31, 1953 s. o. WERNHEIM 2,633,120

COMBUSTION APPARATUS Filed May 24, 1949 v Patented Mar. 31, 1953 a nvention relates toicombustion apparatus f 'r"woo'd and other high 'gas yielding solid fuel.

' gases inthe combustion chamber. According to one proposal a. gratingis?arranged in the lower portionof the combustion chamber and a gas outlet in onechamber wall. "The 'constructionfis so os n mate iii'ghr'temperatufeis set p adiac'e'ntthiswall'than in the remainder of the combustion chamber, which would cause the gases on this side of the chamber to tend to flow upward, .and as a consequence a circulating gas flow would arise in the chamber. The intention was to cause a glowing layer of coal to remain upon the grating in the lower portion of the combustion chamber when the fuel is being degassed, and thegas circulation was intended to cause the gases leaving the fuel to be returned to this glowing coal layer to be cracked'therein and converted into easier combustible gases. These gases were to depart and, through admission of secondary combustion air, to be burnt in a reheating duct. The wall of the combustion chamber opposite the gas outlet is provided with an opening for admitting primary combustion air. In addition combustion air is supplied through the ash-box-situated below the grating, said air entering into the combustion chamber through the grating. However, it'has been found that the eifect aimed at, i. e. the intended circulating gas flow in the combustion chamber, practically failed to appear. This result would primarily be due to the fact that the flow resistance opposed against the air entering through the grating-by the fuel in the combustion chamber becomes so great that practically all primary combustion air will be admitted into the chamber through the opening in the side-wall and only a negligible portion will pass through the grating. This will result in a draught through thecombustion chamber from said air inlet opening in one side-wall transversely across the chamber to the gas outlet opening. In addition, on account. of this rich air supplyto one side of the combustion chamber a lively combustion will occur there resulting in a rise of the temperature to approximately the same value as is prevailing on the side where the gas outlet. is situated. Thus it will be obvious that no substantial circulation due to temperature difierences in the coml 2,633,126 i U "ooMBUsTIoN APPARATUS Sven Oskar Wernheiin, Lidingo, Sweden 7 Application May.24,1949 ,.SerialNo.95,129

" InSweden June1 ,j] .9d8

foam. (01. 126 34) PATENT OF C bustion chamber can arise, and that, if such a circulation would tend to occur, this circulation will be removed immediately by the draught crossing the chamber. Also. in this construction there is a danger of gas explosions within the combustion chamber.

The present invention, being based on the conception indicated in the foregoing, has for its object to offer a complete solution of the problem setout above and, in addition, to eliminate therisk-of gas explosions. The mainly characterizing feature of the invention resides inthat the wall of the combustion chamberfopposite the gas outlet is arranged to be-coolcd by heat absorbing means i that the ash-box is arranged to supply all primary combustion air to the combustion chamber through the grating, and that the combustion chamber is provided above the gas outlet with a wall portion which is arranged to deflect gases developed within the chamber towards the cooled chamber wall.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing illustrating in vertical cross-section a cooking-range provided with a combustion apparatus according to the invention.

Referring to the drawing, the combustion chamber of the cooking-range is indicated at I. A grating 2 is mounted in the lower portion of the combustion chamber, and a gas outlet 3 is arranged in one side-wall of the chamber above the grating 2. The chamber wall 4 situated opposite the gas outlet 3 is cooled by a water tank 5 disposed adjacent its outer surface. The fluegases emitted through the gas outlet 3 are conveyed through a reheating duct 6 one side-wall of which is formed by the chamber wall 7 situated above the gas outlet 3. Secondary combustion air is admitted into the flue-gas duct 6 through apertures 8. The latter communicates with an air circulation duct I0 surrounding the oven 9 and into which air is admitted through a passage l I.

I The flue-gases flowing through the reheating duct combustion. This causes them to rise on that side of the'chamber where the gas outlet is situated. On the opposite side of the chamber, or; the other hand, the gases will be cooled by a flue-gas the cooled wall 4 and descend along the latter. Accordingly, a circulating flow of the gas will be produced, the gas being caused repeatedly to flow past the lower portion of the combustion chamber, where degassed and glowing coal is encountered causing the gas to be cracked into easily combustible gases. The gas thus cracked will then be completely burnt within the reheating duct 6 when it is mixed with the sec-. ondary airentering through the apertures 8.

The water tank 5, to the same efiect, could be replaced by a jacket or spiral-duct through which water is circulated. It is also possible though not illustrated in the drawing, to permit the combustion air to sweep the exterier urface of the chamber wall 4 before being admitted into the ash-box or into the circulation duct 10. The effect in this case will be equivalent to that of water-cooling. Owing to the fact that a substantially circular or oval cross-section has he l; wasted .i r the cembust qa cham er the Walls will 9 99.5? min um flew i9 e n th ch mber,-

W I claim and desi 551 secure by Lette s at nt is;

A combustion apparatus for wood or other high ielq ee selid iuel includin a substant al y ul Q S de were said master; as Q side said combustion chamber wall opposite that having said lateral gas outlet and adapted to cool said opposite wall, a curved baflie spaced from said side wall to define therewitha gas outlet and adapted to deflect gases developed in said combustion chamber to cause the gases to flow towards said cooled chamber wall, said bafile means for deflecting gases towards said cc esi Qh m er wall eing smst tuted by a p rtion of the wall of said combustion chamber, and apertures in the wall of said gas outlet 01 ngsite said deflecting baflie for supplying secondary combustion air thereto.

SVEN OSKAR WERNHEIM.

REFERENCES CITED following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATE PATENTS EGREIGN scams.

691mm Date Germa y Sept. re, 9 5