US2628717A - Flotation of ores - Google Patents

Flotation of ores Download PDF

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Publication number
US2628717A
US2628717A US757058A US75705847A US2628717A US 2628717 A US2628717 A US 2628717A US 757058 A US757058 A US 757058A US 75705847 A US75705847 A US 75705847A US 2628717 A US2628717 A US 2628717A
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Prior art keywords
flotation
ore
copper
mol
ores
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US757058A
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Booth Robert Ben
Hill John Vivian
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Wyeth Holdings LLC
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American Cyanamid Co
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03DFLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00Flotation
    • B03D1/001Flotation agents
    • B03D1/004Organic compounds
    • B03D1/012Organic compounds containing sulfur
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03DFLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2201/00Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
    • B03D2201/02Collectors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03DFLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2203/00Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
    • B03D2203/02Ores

Definitions

  • a method of beneficiating metallic ores Which to t er With e p p d Copper was which comprises subjecting the ore to froth flotap d t & rgren flotation machine, brought tion in the presence of a promoter having as an 170 0 DH of about 5 by addit o of l e, Conditioned essential promotin constituent a compound of with 0.033 lb./ton pine oil and 0.05 1b./ton of the th f 1 reaction product of 2 mol ethyl Xanthate and 1 mol diglycol chloroforrnate and floated 10 minutes to produce a combined concentrate of copper C-SOOO2H4O C2H4O O-01 sulfides and metallic copper.

Description

Patented Feb. 17, 1953 FLOTATION or ones Robert Ben Booth, Springdale, Conn., and John Vivian Hill, Tucson, Ariz., assignors to American Cyanamid Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Maine No Drawing. Application June 25, 1947, Serial No. 757,058
8 Claims. 1
This invention relates to a new process -mi--- floating metal ores. Base metal and precious metal ores, particularly of the sulfide type, have been floated in the past in the main by three types of reagents. The first group is the x anthates, the second the dithiophosphates, to a lesser extent thiocarbanilides and similar reagents have been used. While the standard flotation promoters for sulfide minerals give excellent results with the general run of ores, there is room for improvement, particularly with some ores containing both sulfide and oxide metal values. esses of floating metal ores, particularly those containing some sulfides, with a new class ofiprbmoters. These promoters are reaction products of glycol chloroformates with one or two mols of xanthates. The reaction proceeds by a simple mixing of the reagents at room temperature. The compounds appear not to be completelypure chemical compounds in some cases and are probably mixtures. Furthermore, mixtures of two or more xanthates may be used in the reaction. Without limiting the invention to any precise chemical formula for the promoters, we believe it probable that at least a major constituent of The present invention deals with procthe promoters have the following formulae: v
the first applying to products in which one mol of xanthate is reacted with the chloroformate and the second where two mols are so reacted.
In the formulae, one of the simplest glyc'o'ls'fdiglycol, is used for illustrative purposes.
The in-:
vention, however is not limited to the use of renew chemical compounds as they form the subject matter of the co-pending application of-Booth and Light, Serial No. 757,057 filed June 25, 1947 concurrently herewith.
The amount of reagent used with typical ores is of the same orderof magnitude as is the case with xanthates, namely a few hundredths of a limited to some extent.
pound per ton. Other flotation conditions are substantially the same as when xanthates or dithiophosphates are used. This is an advantage of the present invention as ordinary flotation circuits and conditions do not have to be changed in any material way. The novelty of the process of the present invention lies in the use of a new class of promoters.
While it is not essential that the ore be conditioned with the promoter before flotation, we find that with many ores this procedure is dee sirable. Here again the use of the new promoters does not materially change good flotation prac tice.
' Although, as has been stated above, we believe that the promoters. of the present invention are not always pure chemical compounds but often constitute mixtures, it is definitely proven that the improved results which are obtainable with many ores by following the procedure of the present invention are not due to unreacted chloroformate, as this appears to have extremely poor collecting power.
In the following specific examples, comparative tests with standard reagents are given. It should be noted that the flotation art, particularly with ores containing sulfides, has reached so high a state of development that improvements are The present invention does improve to a substantial extent-the re.- coveries obtainable. Particularly with lowgrade ores, the amount of mineral available is small and high recovery becomes essential in order to keep the process within economic limits. The improvement which is obtainable in recovery when the process of the present inventionis. used is, therefore, an important economic factor and per,- mits a substantial lowering in cost with many ores.
Example 1 A copper ore from the southwestern United States containing various sulfide and oxide cop.- per minerals and assaying about 0.90% Cu, was ground with lime and promoter at solids, diluted to 22% solids, and conditioned with 0.072 lb./ton pine oil. Flotation followed for 6 minutes in a Fagergren type flotation machine. A
series of tests using DBL-0.025. lb./ton reaction products of 1 mol of xanthate and 1.mol of diglycol chloroformate were conducted. Also for 3 purpose of comparison, tests were conducted with certain of the starting ingredients of these reaction products, viz., diglycol chloroformate, sodium ethyl xanthate, and potassium amyl xanthate. Metallurgical results follow:
erals was ground at 60% solids, diluted to 22% solids, conditioned for 2 minutes with 5.0 lb./ton sulfuric acid and then 1 minute with 0.21 lb./ton cresylic acid, and floated for 8 minutes in a Fagergren type floating machine. The collectors were It will be noted that glycol chloroformate even in much larger amounts is not a useful collector added to the grind in these tests. Metallurgical results follow:
Collector Used Concentrate 'Iailing Assay, v Assay, Percent Reaction I iorluct lb./tou Percent Permit Cu 2 mol Sodium Ethyl Xanthate 1 mol Diglycol Ghloroformatc 1 890g (1 mol bodium Ethyl Xa'ithate)... (1 mol Potassium Aim-l Xanthate) 0.1 18.0l 89. 32 0. 28 1 mol Diglycol Chloroforn'ate even in comparison with the xanthates themselves. These. latter gave results which Were not as good as is obtainable with the process of the present invention, but of course of an entirely different order of magnitude than the chloroformate itself which cannot properly be considered as a practical promoter.
Example 2 A copper ore from the southwestern United States, generally similar to that used on Example 1. was ground with lime and floated with 0.025 lb./ton of the reaction products of 2 mols sodium isopropyl xanthate or sodium secondary butyl xanthate with 1 mol diglycol chloroformate and 0.07 lb./ton pine oil as frother. A comparative test was run with 0.025 lb./ton of a technical grade disecondary butyldithiophosphate, the standard reagent on this ore. Metallurgical re- Example 4 A zinc ore from the southeastern United States was ground and conditioned with 0.5 lb./ton copper sulfate, 0.015 lb./ton of the reaction product of 1 mol of sodium ethyl xanthate and 1 mol of diglycol chloroformate, and 0.14 lb./ton pine oil. Flotation followed for 4 minutes with an additional 0.04 lb./ ton pine oil added after 2 minutes. From a feed to flotation, assaying 3.07% Zn, 92% of the total zinc was recovered in a concentrate assaying 54.88% Zn. The flotation tailings assayed 0.25% Zn,
Example 5 A Tri-State lead ore containing mainly galena but also some oxidized lead minerals was ground and conditioned with 0.02 lb./ton of the reaction sults follow: P oduct of 1 mol of sodium ethyl xanthate and 1 I Concentrate,
Percent Cu Tailing G ollector Used-Reaction Product I v Distri- Cu Assay bution 2 mol Sodium isopropyl xanthate 1' mol llgillyenl chlsrol'oriat%h..t..... 51 21 2 mol Otassium my an a e 1 mol Diglycol chloroformate. 92 50 20 Disco. butyldithiophosphate (alone) 16. 96 75. ()4 0.25
It will be noted that a substantial reduction in the copper content of the tailings was obtained with the above-listed reaction products as compared to the standard dithiophosphate reagent used on this ore.
Example 3 A South American copper ore containing about 2.3% Cu as both sulfide and oxidized copper minmol of diglycol chloroformate and 0.18 lb./ton
creosote oil. The ground pulp was diluted to 22% solids, conditioned for 0.5 minutes with mixed amyl alcohols as frother, and floated 4 minutes. From a feed to flotation assaying 2.76% Pb, 81.60% of the total lead was recovered in a concentrate assaying 53.73% Pb. The assay of the tailing was 0.53% Pb.
Example 6 Because of their high stability reagents of this in which R is an alkyl radical and Z is a radical selected from the group consisting of C1 and type are suited especially to flotation in acid cir- CO cuits, particularly the high acid concentrations 1.! used in the recovery of copper by the leaching-- 5 precipitation-flotation process. Metallic copper The melfihnd collcentratmg sulphlde Ore is readily floated by these promoters either in the Whlch comm 159s sumeclnng the i form of presence or absence of sulfide minerals as is coma pulp to fmth fio?atlor Opemmon the pres moninleachmrecipitatien practica ence of a compouno having the structural for- A southwestern copper ore containing 1.29% 10 mum: total copper (0.82% sulfide copper and 0.47% OR non-sulfide copper) was ground and leached with I l sulfuric acid at a pH of 1.5. The pH Was adjusted T fi fi if to about 2.8 by addition of lime and the dissolved S 0 0 8 pp r precipitated y means f iron- The in which R. and R." are alkyl radicals. pre p ant was screened from the ore P p 3. A method of beneficiating metallic ores Which to t er With e p p d Copper Was which comprises subjecting the ore to froth flotap d t & rgren flotation machine, brought tion in the presence of a promoter having as an 170 0 DH of about 5 by addit o of l e, Conditioned essential promotin constituent a compound of with 0.033 lb./ton pine oil and 0.05 1b./ton of the th f 1 reaction product of 2 mol ethyl Xanthate and 1 mol diglycol chloroforrnate and floated 10 minutes to produce a combined concentrate of copper C-SOOO2H4O C2H4O O-01 sulfides and metallic copper. The tailings from H [I H the flotation operation assayed 0.06% total copper and 0.03% non-sulfide copper. About 95% of in Whlch R is an alkyl Tadlcalthe copper was recovered 4. A method according to claim 2 in which the ore is a copper ore containing sulfides of copper. Example 7 5. A method according to claim 3 in which the A copper ore (about 0.95% Cu) from the ore is a copper ore containing sulfides of copper. southwestern United States, containin chal- 6. A method according to claim 2 in which the copyrite, bornite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, iron oxides, ore is a zinc ore. quartz, carbonates and silicates was ground with 7. A method according to claim 3 in which the the collector and lime, conditioned at flotation ore is a zinc ore. density with 0.07 Ila/ton pine oil, and floated for 8. A method according to claim 2 in which the 6 minutes. Reaction products of various glycol ore is a lead ore. chloroformates (1 mol) Xanthates (2 mols) were ROBERT BEN BOOTH. used as collectors. Metallurgical results follow: JOHN VIVIAN HILL.
Concentrate Telling, Xauthatc 2111015 Ohloroformate ofg-gig Percent 5 5 Cu Distr. Assay Assay Sodium Ethyl Ethylene Glycol "0.019 17.20 82. 26" 0.18 Sodium Isopr0pyl do 0.018 14. 66 83.31 0.17 Potassium Amy1 d0 0.019 17.20 84.48 0.15 Sodium Isopropyl Dipropylenc GlycoL. 0.018 15.66 82.41 0.17 D Trimethylene Glycol 0.019 16. 43 83.16 0.17 Octadecanediol 0.027 18.63 77.19 0.23 Trieihylene Glycol 0.021 16.32 81.39 0.18 2Metl1yl,24 Pentanedio1.. 0.013 18.96 76.70 0.22 213110 11624 cliol 0. 020 20. 51 0.20 rDiglycol 0.019 10.45 82.52 0.17 Sodium Sec. Butyl (1 mol) ..(lo 0.018 15. 79 82.63 0.17
i t t CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,652,099 Douglass Dec. 8, 1927 1,684,536 Fischer Sept. 18, 1928 2,048,043 Williams July 21, 1936 2,070,634 Werntz Feb. 16, 1937 2,376,242 Fischer May 15, 1945 2,501,269 Fischer Mar. 21, 1950

Claims (1)

1. A METHOD OF BENEFICIATING METALLIC ORES WHICH COMPRISES SUBJECTING THE ORE TO FROTH FLOTATION IN THE PRESENCE OF A PROMOTER HAVING AS AN ESSENTIAL PROMOTING CONSITUENT A COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA:
US757058A 1947-06-25 1947-06-25 Flotation of ores Expired - Lifetime US2628717A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3735931A (en) * 1972-07-19 1973-05-29 D Weston Flotation of copper ores
US3901450A (en) * 1969-11-03 1975-08-26 David Weston Flotation with xanthate
US4191641A (en) * 1978-01-26 1980-03-04 Mineric Corporation Flotation process with use of xanthogen chloropropyl formate reagents

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1652099A (en) * 1926-10-25 1927-12-06 Du Pont Process of concentrating ores and minerals by flotation
US1684536A (en) * 1927-01-24 1928-09-18 Guggenheim Brothers Flotation process
US2048043A (en) * 1931-05-06 1936-07-21 Du Pont Method for the preparation of thiuram monosulphides
US2070634A (en) * 1935-07-05 1937-02-16 Du Pont Xanthic formates
US2376242A (en) * 1943-09-27 1945-05-15 Mineree Corp Concentration of ores
US2501269A (en) * 1946-06-26 1950-03-21 Minerec Corp Froth flotation of sulfide ores

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1652099A (en) * 1926-10-25 1927-12-06 Du Pont Process of concentrating ores and minerals by flotation
US1684536A (en) * 1927-01-24 1928-09-18 Guggenheim Brothers Flotation process
US2048043A (en) * 1931-05-06 1936-07-21 Du Pont Method for the preparation of thiuram monosulphides
US2070634A (en) * 1935-07-05 1937-02-16 Du Pont Xanthic formates
US2376242A (en) * 1943-09-27 1945-05-15 Mineree Corp Concentration of ores
US2501269A (en) * 1946-06-26 1950-03-21 Minerec Corp Froth flotation of sulfide ores

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3901450A (en) * 1969-11-03 1975-08-26 David Weston Flotation with xanthate
US3735931A (en) * 1972-07-19 1973-05-29 D Weston Flotation of copper ores
US4191641A (en) * 1978-01-26 1980-03-04 Mineric Corporation Flotation process with use of xanthogen chloropropyl formate reagents

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