US1952907A - Method of flotation of oxidized ores - Google Patents
Method of flotation of oxidized ores Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1952907A US1952907A US316632A US31663228A US1952907A US 1952907 A US1952907 A US 1952907A US 316632 A US316632 A US 316632A US 31663228 A US31663228 A US 31663228A US 1952907 A US1952907 A US 1952907A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- flotation
- reagents
- sulfide
- ore
- ores
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000009291 froth flotation Methods 0.000 description 9
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- ZGUNAGUHMKGQNY-ZETCQYMHSA-N L-alpha-phenylglycine zwitterion Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZGUNAGUHMKGQNY-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 3
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cu].[Cu] LBJNMUFDOHXDFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052592 oxide mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052569 sulfide mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,3,2$l^{2}-dioxaplumbetan-4-one Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]C([O-])=O MFEVGQHCNVXMER-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 108091005950 Azurite Proteins 0.000 description 2
- -1 Hydrogen Ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002333 glycines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JLXXLCJERIYMQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylcyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=CC=CC=C1 JLXXLCJERIYMQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- GWBUNZLLLLDXMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricopper;dicarbonate;dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O GWBUNZLLLLDXMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000003 Lead carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000530268 Lycaena heteronea Species 0.000 description 1
- FCSHMCFRCYZTRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N'-diphenylthiourea Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1 FCSHMCFRCYZTRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013058 crude material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001912 cyanamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCBJVAJGLKENNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium ethyl xanthate Chemical compound [K+].CCOC([S-])=S JCBJVAJGLKENNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/01—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/008—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/014—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S209/00—Classifying, separating, and assorting solids
- Y10S209/901—Froth flotation; copper
Definitions
- This discovery relates to a process of recovering values from oxide ores as distinguished from those of the sulfide type.
- oxidized ore, oxide ore, or non-sulfide ore are intended to designate an ore in which the metal values are present substantially as non-sulfide compounds.
- the metal values may occur as carbonate, sulfate, oxide, or as some other oxygenated compound of the metal.
- Such ores have usually been formed in nature by oxidation of the original sulfides, and consequently, they may contain small amounts of unaltered sulfides. As far as the present discovery is concerned, however, such sulfides are present incidentally.
- the essence of my invention is that I recover such oxide minerals without preliminary sulfldization by employing a reagent or combination of reagents adapted specifically to the flotation of such oxide minerals.
- the reagents employed in flotation serve a number of specific purposes and may in general be divided into three classes: First, collectors or promoters whose function is to collect into aggregates the mineral to be floated, and probably to attach such aggregates to the bubble; second, frothing agents whose purpose is to supply the bubble which is essential for the raising of the heavy mineral particles from the ore pulp; and third, reagents known as conditioning reagents whose exact function is obscure but which probably serve a variety of purposes, such as freeing the solution from soluble heavy metal salts which, if not so removed, would themselves consume the more expensive collectors, and possibly also to establish a proper hydrogen-ion concentration.
- collectors as potassium ethyl xanthate, thiocarbanilid and the dithiophosphates.is old in the flotation of sulfide minerals.
- a 50 gram specimen of the ore was passed through rolls and ground on a bucking board to pass through a 200 mesh screen. This sample was then stirred for five minutes with 135 cc. of
- a process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting oxidized ore to a froth flotation operation in the presence of a glycine.
- a process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting oxidized ore to a froth flotation operation in the presence of an alcoholic solution of a glycine.
- a process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting oxidized ore to a froth flotation operation in the presence of phenyl glycine.
- a process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting oxidized ore to a froth flotation operation in the presence of a glycine and a disubstituted dithiophosphate.
- a process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting an oxidized ore to a flotation operation in the presence of a flotation reagent taken from a group of organic amino acids consisting of glycines and phenyl cyanamid.
- a process of recovering ore values from crude ores which comprises the step of subjecting the crude material to a froth flotation operation in the presence of a promoter having the probable formu1a where R. is a group selected from a class consisting of CN and carboxylic acids.
- a process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting an oxidized ore to a froth flotation operation in the presence of a flotation promoting reagent consisting of an amino substituted phenyl compound containing an acid residue selected from a group consisting of CN and COOH. 7
- a process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting an oxidized ore to a froth flotation operation in the presence of a flotation reagent selected from a group consisting of phenyl glycine and phenyl cyanamide.
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Patented Mar. 27, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
METHOD OF FLOTAEON F OXIDIZED No Drawing. -Application November 1, 1928, Serial No. 316,632
11 Claims.
This discovery relates to a process of recovering values from oxide ores as distinguished from those of the sulfide type.
Throughout this specification the term oxidized ore, oxide ore, or non-sulfide ore are intended to designate an ore in which the metal values are present substantially as non-sulfide compounds. In such ores the metal values may occur as carbonate, sulfate, oxide, or as some other oxygenated compound of the metal. Such ores have usually been formed in nature by oxidation of the original sulfides, and consequently, they may contain small amounts of unaltered sulfides. As far as the present discovery is concerned, however, such sulfides are present incidentally.
The recovery of sulfide minerals by the flota tion process is now highly developed and reagents adapted thereto are well known in the art. Heretofore, however,'the flotation concentration of oxide ores has been very unsatisfactory. Practically all of the proposed methods have involved a preliminary sulfidization of the oxide component in an attempt to produce upon the surface of the mineral a coating of sulfide which would render it susceptible to ordinary sulfide flotation reagents. This sulfidization operation has proven very troublesome in practice, partly because some of the oxide minerals sulfidize with difllculty, if 30 at all, and partly because the sulfidizing reagent frequently introduces complications and difiiculties in the operation of the flotation cell.
The essence of my invention is that I recover such oxide minerals without preliminary sulfldization by employing a reagent or combination of reagents adapted specifically to the flotation of such oxide minerals.
Certain of the reagents specified in this application are well known in the recovery of sulfides. It does not follow, however, that sulfide reagents are applicable to oxide flotation, and, as a matter of fact, there is no theory of reasoning by which one could conclude that a sulfide flotation reagent would operate efllciently on oxides. The entire history of the flotation art has shown that the reverse is true. According to prior practice, values present in non-sulfide form were either recovered by sulfidization or were lost with the tailings. In the present invention, however, by suitable selection of reagents, I am enabled to recover the non-sulfide minerals by froth flotation by the use of a reagent combination adapted to the recovery of such specific minerals.
The reagents employed in flotation serve a number of specific purposes and may in general be divided into three classes: First, collectors or promoters whose function is to collect into aggregates the mineral to be floated, and probably to attach such aggregates to the bubble; second, frothing agents whose purpose is to supply the bubble which is essential for the raising of the heavy mineral particles from the ore pulp; and third, reagents known as conditioning reagents whose exact function is obscure but which probably serve a variety of purposes, such as freeing the solution from soluble heavy metal salts which, if not so removed, would themselves consume the more expensive collectors, and possibly also to establish a proper hydrogen-ion concentration.
The use of such collectors as potassium ethyl xanthate, thiocarbanilid and the dithiophosphates.is old in the flotation of sulfide minerals.
I have discovered that the glycines in alcoholic solution and derivatives thereof, the xanthates and their salts when used in combination with a frother such as pine oil, the organic cyanamides and the disubstituted dithiophosphoric acids and their salts are effective in floating maximum concentrates of oxide ores.
The following tables show these reagents as i used with pulps containing the red copper oxide cuprite, the blue copper carbonate azurite and the lead carbonate cerussite.
In all tests the operation was substantially as follows:
A 50 gram specimen of the ore was passed through rolls and ground on a bucking board to pass through a 200 mesh screen. This sample was then stirred for five minutes with 135 cc. of
distilled water in a small mechanically agitated centrate filtrate was determined by taking 10 cc. thereof, plus the amount and concentration of indicator specified in Clark on .The Determination of Hydrogen Ions, and comparing the color of the solutioniwith the color chart, all of which is well known. The minimum and maximum pH value ran from 6.8 to 9.4. 1
The results secured are tabled below:
Reagents lbs/ton Cone. Percent Test Ore gm Tails gr. Floated AF25 APG Px POy .85 1 Cuprite. 5. 76 45.5 4.7 91.0 2 fin 1.44 1.28 42.2 6.8 84.4 3 do 1. 44 a. 20 38.6 10. a 77. 2 4 Azurite.-- 2.88 47.7 2.0 05.4 5 do 1. 44 0. 32 40. 0 v0. 9 98. 0 6 Corn its 1.44 48.7 0.6 97.4 7 5.0 47.5 1.8 05.0 8 0.43 0. 32 47.7 2.0 05.4 0 s 0.48 =1.c0 49.0 0.8 98.0
AF 25-Cresylic acid (25%) and diaryldithiostep of subjecting oxidized ore to a froth flotation phosphoric acid. operation in the presence of phenyl glycine, cre- 9 0 APGAlcoholic solution of phenylglycine.
PX 0.54 lbs/ton pine oil and indicated amounts of K xanthate.
PCyPhenyl cyanamide.
From the above it will be seen that maximum values were recoverable with these reagents operating upon the typical ores above specified.
While only certain derivatives and substitution products of the various reagents are set out in the tables, and only certain oresare represented by the experiments described, yet obviously I do not wish to be limited thereto, as my discovery is to be construed broadly to cover equivalent reagents and ores of which the above examples are mentioned merely for the sake of illustration.
In the claims where I have specified oxidized ore I intend the same to cover ores which are substantially non-sulfide, in character and include many so-called oxide ores which frequently contain 5% or perhaps more sulfide.
I claim: I
1. A process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting oxidized ore to a froth flotation operation in the presence of a glycine.
2. A process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting oxidized ore to a froth flotation operation in the presence of an alcoholic solution of a glycine.
3. A process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting oxidized ore to a froth flotation operation in the presence of phenyl glycine.
4. A process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting oxidized ore to a froth flotation operation in the presence of a glycine and a disubstituted dithiophosphate.
5. A process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting an oxidized ore to a flotation operation in the presence of a flotation reagent taken from a group of organic amino acids consisting of glycines and phenyl cyanamid.
9. A process of recovering ore values from crude ores, which comprises the step of subjecting the crude material to a froth flotation operation in the presence of a promoter having the probable formu1a where R. is a group selected from a class consisting of CN and carboxylic acids. l
10. A process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting an oxidized ore to a froth flotation operation in the presence of a flotation promoting reagent consisting of an amino substituted phenyl compound containing an acid residue selected from a group consisting of CN and COOH. 7
11. A process of flotation which includes the step of subjecting an oxidized ore to a froth flotation operation in the presence of a flotation reagent selected from a group consisting of phenyl glycine and phenyl cyanamide.
I LUDWIG J. CHRTISTMANN.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US316632A US1952907A (en) | 1928-11-01 | 1928-11-01 | Method of flotation of oxidized ores |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US316632A US1952907A (en) | 1928-11-01 | 1928-11-01 | Method of flotation of oxidized ores |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1952907A true US1952907A (en) | 1934-03-27 |
Family
ID=23229921
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US316632A Expired - Lifetime US1952907A (en) | 1928-11-01 | 1928-11-01 | Method of flotation of oxidized ores |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1952907A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2423022A (en) * | 1944-04-10 | 1947-06-24 | American Cyanamid Co | Froth flotation of silica from iron ore by anionic collectors |
| US3834533A (en) * | 1972-09-11 | 1974-09-10 | Continental Oil Co | Concentration of oxide copper ores by flotation separation |
| US4043902A (en) * | 1975-06-06 | 1977-08-23 | American Cyanamid Company | Tri-carboxylated and tetra-carboxylated fatty acid aspartates as flotation collectors |
| US4070276A (en) * | 1975-01-15 | 1978-01-24 | Berol Kemi Ab | Flotation process of lead-, copper-, uranium- and rare earth minerals |
| US4196073A (en) * | 1977-04-22 | 1980-04-01 | Canadian Industries Limited | Hydrophilic thio compounds as selective depressants in the flotation separation of copper and molybdenum |
| US4358368A (en) * | 1979-03-02 | 1982-11-09 | Berol Kemi Ab | Process for the froth flotation of calcium phosphate-containing minerals and flotation agents therefor |
-
1928
- 1928-11-01 US US316632A patent/US1952907A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2423022A (en) * | 1944-04-10 | 1947-06-24 | American Cyanamid Co | Froth flotation of silica from iron ore by anionic collectors |
| US3834533A (en) * | 1972-09-11 | 1974-09-10 | Continental Oil Co | Concentration of oxide copper ores by flotation separation |
| US4070276A (en) * | 1975-01-15 | 1978-01-24 | Berol Kemi Ab | Flotation process of lead-, copper-, uranium- and rare earth minerals |
| US4043902A (en) * | 1975-06-06 | 1977-08-23 | American Cyanamid Company | Tri-carboxylated and tetra-carboxylated fatty acid aspartates as flotation collectors |
| US4196073A (en) * | 1977-04-22 | 1980-04-01 | Canadian Industries Limited | Hydrophilic thio compounds as selective depressants in the flotation separation of copper and molybdenum |
| US4358368A (en) * | 1979-03-02 | 1982-11-09 | Berol Kemi Ab | Process for the froth flotation of calcium phosphate-containing minerals and flotation agents therefor |
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