US2619399A

US2619399A - Coin-controlled vending machine

Info

Publication number: US2619399A
Application number: US113739A
Authority: US
Inventors: Stewart Wilson Marks
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1949-08-25
Filing date: 1949-08-25
Publication date: 1952-11-25
Anticipated expiration: 1969-11-25

Description

Nov. 25, 1952 w. M. STEWART com-coNTRoLLED VENDING'MACHINE 7 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Aug. 25, 1949 0mm/ex Nov. 25, 1952 w. M. STEWART COIN-CONTROLLED VENDING MACHINE 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 25, 1949 Eig. 5

Nov. 25, 1952 w. M. STEWART 2,619,399

COIN-CONTROLLED VENDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 25, 1949 7 Sheets-Sheet I5 Nov. 25, 1952 w. M. STEWART 2,619,399

COIN-CONTROLLED VENDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 25, 1949 7 sheets-sheet 4 Eig. .7

[N VENTO/P Mm Mam? Gen/wr Nov. 25, 1952 w. M. STEWART 2,619,399

COIN-CONTROLLED VENDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 25, 1921s 7 sheets-sheet 5 Mun/v Mlm/r: fred/4er Nov. 25, 1952 w. M. STEWART' 2,619,399

COIN-CONTROLLED VENDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 25, 1949 7 sheets-sheet 6 N GQ t jill/mwa /V/Lso/v MSM: frz-wan?- Nov. 25, 1952 w. M. STEWART 2,619,399

com-CONTROLLED VENDING MACHINE Filed Aug. 25, 1949 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 me/WEZ Patented Nov. 25, Y1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 12 Claims.

lVly invention relates to a coin-controlled vending machine.

More particularly, the invention relates to a coin-controlled machine for vending bottled wares, such as milk, soft drinks and others.

The machine of the present invention, generally, is of the type shown in my prior Patent 2,284,931, dated June 2, 1942, in that a bottle is lifted by a lifter and carried to a position under an ejection opening, raised by the lifter, and then manually grasped and withdrawn out of the machine through the opening. rlhe lifter is manually operated from outside of the machine, the stem of the lifter projecting out of the top of the machine through a narrow elongated slot eectively leading to the ejection opening. A mechanism, controlled by a coin, locks the bottle lifter and releases the same. When released by the insertion of the coin, the lifter can be carried to a position above the selected bottle, lowered to grasp the bottle, and then carried back to a position where it is automatically locked, adjacent the ejection opening, at which the bottle can be manually grasped and Withdrawn.

In a machine according to the present invention, the coin-controlled mechanism and coin box are carried by a panel which forms part of the top or cover of the machine and which is easily applied and easily removed as a complete and self-contained unit. When applied, in operative position, it is retained in such position Without the use of screws or the like.

According to one feature of the present invention, the unit is slid into side channels to its operative position at one end (the front) of the casing, and is held in that position by two slightly spaced glass-topped panels when such panels are closed over the casing. The channels form part of a frame to which the glass panels are hinged. Thus, the entire top of the machine is made of the glass panels and the panel of the Vending unit. This renders possible the easy and inexpensive conversion of refrigerated, non coinccntrolled, so-called coo1ers, to a coin-controlled vending machine, by removing the lid of such coolers and substituting therefor a frame with hinged glass panels and a complete, selfcperating unit.

The objects of the invention, generally, are to provide improvements in the machine of my said prior patent.

A specific object of the invention is to convert a so-called cooler or non coin-controlled vending machine for wares in bottles, particularly in capped bottles, to a coin-controlled vending machine, at relatively little cost and Without mutilating the cooler.

Another specic object of the invention is to provide a complete and self-sulicient unit capable of being applied to the top of a so-called cooler, thus converting a cooler to a coin-controlled vending machine.

Another specific object oi the invention is to provide means by which the bottle is raised gradually, while being carried to delivery position, so that the bottle slightly emerges out of the ejection opening of the machine when the bottle has reached its delivery position under the opening.

Another specific object of the invention is to provide, in a vending machine of the kind using a bottle lifting device, a, novel and efficient tray in which the bottles are urged toward the lifting device.

In the drawings, wherein like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the various figures, and wherein is shown the preferred form of the invention,

Figure 1 is a top plan view of the machine, the

lifter being in process of carrying a bottle to its Y ejection position;

Figure 2 is a section on line 2 2 in Figure l, on an enlarged scale, the trap being in its bottleejecting position;

Figure 3 is an elevation as on line 3 3 in Figure 1; but showing the trap in its bottle ejecting position as in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a phantom top plan view of the removable panel to which the coin box and trap are operatively mounted, the trap being shown in its bottle-ejection position;

Figure 5 is a bottom plan view of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a section on line 6-6 in Figure 1, the trap being in a position ready to receive the bottle being carried toward the ejection opening;

Figure 7 is a section on line l-l in Figure 2, on an enlarged scale;

Figure 8 is a top plan View of the tray;

Figure 9 is a bottom plan View of Figure 8;

Figure 10 is a section on line lli-l in Figure 8;

Figure 11 is a section on line l l--I l in Figure 8, on v.an enlarged scale;

Figure 12 is a perspective view of the bottle pusher member;

Figure 13 is a section on line l S-I 3 in Figure 1, on an enlarged scale, with the tray removed and the panel (with trap and coin box unit) partly removed from its supporting channels, and with the lids raised; and

Figure 14 is a section on line ll-l in Figure 1, on an enlarged scale.

Referring now by numerals to the drawings, the casing includes vertical front and rear Walls I0 and Il, respectively, and vertical side walls I2. Within the casing are stored the bottles to be vended. The bottles (not shown) rest in a tray 29 (not shown in Figure 1) removably supported on a floor IBS, as best seen in Figure 14.

Suitably secured to the upper edges of the four vertical walls of the casing, preferably resting upon a rubber gasket I3, is a metal frame I4 of angle cross-section. Portions of the side members or legs of the frame are formed to present oppositely disposed channels I5 (see Figures 1, 3, 13 and 14). Hinged to the rear member or leg of the frame are two transparent panels or lids I1. Conveniently, each lid includes a rectangular, shatter-proof plate glass panel I8 having rear and front marginal portions embedded in metal strips I9 and 2 D. The rear strip I9 is operatively hinged to the rear leg of the frame I4, as by conventional metal hinge stripping 2|. When closed or lowered, the lids, more particularly the front strip 23, bear upon the horizontal anges of the side legs of the frame I4. Chains 65 anchored between the casing and the lids serve to hold the lids in proper raised position.

The lids, more particularly the glass panels I8, are slightly spaced from one another to provide a narrow, elongated slot shown as 24 (see Figure 1). Adapted to be slid into channels I5 to a position abutting the front extremity of the frame I4, is a panel 25 which carries the coincontrolled mechanism and coin box unit (to be referred to later). Conveniently, the channel is defined by the angle of the frame I4 and a plate IEA welded thereto, as best shown in Figures 3, 13 and 14. When the lids I1 are locked in closed position over the casing as by any suitable locks 66 (see Figure l), the panel 25, with the control unit, is locked in operative position. The width of the panel 25, that is, its dimension from front to rear, is less than the dimension of the lids, from front to rear.

The panel 25 is provided with a narrow slot 26 merging with an angularly-(preferably rightangularly) directed narrow slot 21 terminating short of an opening 23 through which the bottles are withdrawn one by one.

The lifter, shown diagrammatically only as L, which preferably takes the form shown in my co-pending application S. N. 86,817, filed April 11, 1949, effectively operates along the

slots

24, 26 and 21, to bring a bottle to a position under the ejection opening 28, the slot 26 being in alignment with the slot 24.

The bottles are placed in upstanding position, preferably in a tray 29 lying above the floor |30, the floor defining with the four vertical walls of the casing, the lids I1 and the panel 25, a compartment which is refrigerated or maintained at the desired temperature by any suitable refrigerating means (not shown). The tray shown operates to slide the bottles toward the centre of the refrigerated compartment aforesaid, that is, toward the slot 2.4., to be lifted one by one by the lifter L and then carried to ejection position under the opening 28.

The tray is formed to provide a number of parallel channels receiving rows of aligned bottles in upstanding position.

The tray is made as a unit adapted to be laid in position upon the floor |36, with the individual trays proper or channels disposed at right angles to the slot 2d.

As shown, 55 are inverted, substantially T- shaped members adapted to define, when laid side by side, a number of the trays proper. The

outer trays are in part denecl by substantially L-shaped members 56. The horizontal legs of the

members

55 and 56, are each formed with a shallow inverted V-shaped portion 51. rIhe portions 51 serve as tracks upon which the bottles are supported for sliding movement lengthwise of the individual trays proper. The

members

55 and 56, as the case may be, are held in required spaced relationship, to define longitudinal spaces or slots 64, by securing the same t0 end brackets 63, the brackets in turn supporting the tray unit above the floor |36. `Sliding on each of the individual trays is a bottle pusher member 66B, best seen in Figure 12. The pusher member is generally of L shape formed to provide a leg which slides upon the said tracks 51 and a vertical wall or leg 66. The leg 66 serves to engage and push the bottle.

Depending from the horizontal leg member 65 is an L-shaped portion dened by a vertical portion 61 and a horizontal portion 68 one edge of which is notched as at 69. The portion 61 is adapted to lie in and move within the Space or elongated slot 64 and guide the pusher member. The horizontal portion 68, which underlies the horizontal leg members of the

tray members

56 and 55 serves, together with the web 61, properly to guide the pusher member in its course longitudinally or" the tray proper with which it is associated, and to remain operatively attached to such tray.

As best seen in Figure 8, two pusher members are associated with each individual tray. Coil springs are tensioned and arranged normally to slide the pusher members toward the centre of the tray unit complete, that is, toward the slot 2li (see Figure l). Thus, the springs 61 are anchored at one end to one of the brackets 63 and the other end attached to the pusher member, more particularly to the portion 68. This end of the spring conveniently may be formed with an eye or hook |69 (see Figure 10) which hooks into the notch 69.

For best economy, the distance between the lid I1 and the floor ISU is chosen to accommodate the height of the bottles to be vended; and for the largest capacity for a given size of bottle storing compartment, the individual trays should be completely filled with bottles, two bottles lying in close proximity under the slot 24. In vending from the machine, therefore, the bottles in the individual tray nearest the forward end o the slot 24 will rst be vended. When such tray is empty of bottles, the bottle lifter will now be capable of reaching the bottles in the second tray; and so on.

If various brands of drinks are to be vended, it is necessary to provide spacing members removably secured under the slot 2li by which the movement of the pusher members toward the slot 24 of some of the individual slides or trays is stopped short of the slot. For instance, as best seen in Figures 8 and 10, an inverted U-shaped member 12 of a selected length-being a multiple of the width of one slide or individual tray-is removably secured to a number of the trays. The two parallel vertical legs 13 of the member or spacer 12 are slotted or notched as at 18 (see Figure 11) to receive the vertical walls of the individual trays cr slides and thus locate the spacer against movement transversely of the trays. Thus, there will be a clear passage above the spacer co-extensive with the length thereof between the bottles in each individual tray next to or engaging the spacer. Bottles of different brands of drink can therefore be stored in individual trays and on different sides of the spacer, and access thereto is selectively possible. In Figure 8, the spacer is shown as being of a length equal to the combined width of four trays. The fifth tray (from the front) could also store different brands of drink on each side of the mid point of this tray as access to such tray by the lifter L is possible. Access to the last or sixth tray, however, would not be possible until the fifth tray was empty of bottles.

To determine the position of the pusher members of the last two trays (fth and sixth), as urged by the springs, a stop `64A is provided in each such .tray (see Figure 8). The stop conveniently may take the form of a U, the opposite parallel legs 65A of which may be secured to the side vertical walls of the tray as by screws (not shown), making it possible easily to remove the stop should it -be desired to provide a spacer, 12, which would extend say as far as the fifth or sixth tray.

It has been found that in practice, the operator tends to handle the lifter when carrying or moving a bottle (after it has been lifted from its tray) toward ejection position in such a manner as to cause the bottle to drag along the top wall 8i) of the spacer. The bottle would thus be presented to the open end of the trap 30 in an inclined position (see Figure 14), the stem S by this time engaging the outer, forward end of the slot 26, in line with the slot 21. The operator would now attempt to move the lifter along the slot 21 toward ejection position. The movement of the lifter toward ejection position, however, would soon be impeded because of the engagement of the bottle with the end of a partition or plate 8| depending from the panel 25 (see Figures 6, 7, and 14) to be referred to later.

To checkmate this tendency of the bottle being improperly presented to the trap, as aforesaid,

the top wall 8B of the spacer 12 is removed or cut off short of its forward end, a distance say equal to the Width of one tray, as best seen in Figures 8 and 14, and the front vertical wall 56 of the front tray that is, the tray nearest to the ejection opening-is formed with a cut-out 56A (see Figures 8 and 1l), to define or provide a vertically-opening space 90 adapted to receive the lower end of the bottle, thus permitting the bottle free scope to assume a vertical position, Within the tray. As the bottle is suspended by the lifter, the weight of the bottle causes the lifter and bottle to assume such vertical position, when the bottle will now be well to one side of the plane of the partition 8l.

The coin-controlled mechanism includes a bottle-receiving member or trap 30 adapted to move under the panel 25 longitudinally of the slot 21 and operatively connected to a conventional coin box d by which the movement of the trap is controlled. The trap 30, substantially U- shaped in horizontal cross-section-and thus having a rear closed end and a front open endincludes a member or bar 32 formed on one edge with a notch or recess l 33 adapted to receive the stem S of the lifter L, in which it is retained as long as the stem is within the slot 21, as best seen in Figure 4. Thus, the trap, if free to move, can be moved lengthwise of the slot 21 by the lifter L.

The trap is secured to a rod 33 slidably supported by bearings 34 carried by spaced,

vertical plates

35 and 35 depending from the panel 25, more particularly depending from a reinforcing casting 31 secured to the underside of the panel or plate 25. One end of the rod 33 is pivotally and slidably connected as at and by a pin 38 (see Figures 2 and 3) to a lever 39 of the mechanism of the coin box 49. The c-ontrol lever 39 is fixed to the shaft (not shown) oi' the coin box mechanism. As already stated, the coin box mechanism is a conventional one, the shaft being freed by the insertion of a coin for rotation through an arc of a circle; the coin is released at about the end of the are, and the mechanism automatically locks the shaft against rotation after it has been rotated back to its initial position.

To retain the trap in vertical position, a U- shaped bracket 4I is secured to the bottom wall of the trap and is adapted to straddle a rod 43 secured at its opposite ends in the

plates

35 and 36. The distance between the trap, When in bottle-receiving position (in alignment with the slot 2B) and when in bottle-lifting position adjacent the ejection opening 28, is determined by the arcual movement of the lever 39.

Secured to the plate 35 is a vertical plate or partition 8| (previously referred to) extending parallel of the rod 33 (or of the movement of the trap 30) and adapted to lie clear of but close to the open end of the trap, effectively to close the open end when the trap is in bottle-ejection position (see Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6), but to permit of the reception of a bottle when the trap is in bottle-receiving position (see Figures 3 and 6).

The trap 30 carries a vertical plate 86 extending parallel with its line of movement. The plate extends to one side of the trap, substantially in the plane of the open end thereof, to beyond the axis of the slot 26 (and 211), effectively to close access into the slot 26 when the trap is in bottledelivering position (see Figures 4 and 5).

The trap 3D also preferably carries a horizontal plate adjacent to the underside of the panel 25, adapted effectively to close the opening 28 when the trap is in bottle-receiving position.

As used in the machine of my prior patent, a spring-loaded latch is preferably used releasably to lock the trap in its bottle-receiving position. Thus, a bar 93 is pivotally suspended as at 9d from the panel 25 and has one end connected to the plate 36 as by a tensioned coil spring 95. The other end is formed with a depending hook-like portion 96 adapted to engage one end (the lefthand end as seen in Figure 4) when the trap is in bottle-receiving position. The locking device is operated to release the trap by the stem S -of the lifter L as it is manually moved into the slot 21 from the forward end of the slot 26.

Preferably, as best shown in Figures 2, 3, 5 and 6, means are provided for raising the bottle automatically toward the ejection opening 28 as the trap is moved by the lifter from the bottle-receiving position (Figure 6) to its bottle-removing position (Figure 3). Thus, two

levers

45 and 46 are pivotally supported at their lower ends to the

plates

35 and 36, as at 48. The upper ends of the levers are pivotally connected, as at 139, to the opposite ends of a link 50, adapted to rise and move through a vertically-directed slot 5l cut upwardly partly through the trap. (See Figure 7.) One end of the bottle-lifting link 50 is pivotally connected to a link 52 one end of which is pivotally connected to the trap as at 53. The rarrangement is such that, when the trap is in bottle-receiving position (Figure 6) the bottlelifting link 55 is about flush with the bottom wall of the trap, but when the trap is in bottle-removing position (Figure 3), the bottle has been raised so that its top or cap emerges slightly out of the panel 25 through the ejection opening, when 'the bottle now conveniently can be grasped and lifted out of the machine manually.

Preferably, and as best shown in Figures 6 and 7, the

plates

35 and 36 include plates 98 slotted at 99 and adjustably secured thereto as by nuts threaded on the rod 43 projecting through the slot 99. The extensions or plates 88 are secured in position to bear upon the floor of the casing of the machine, so that the panel is supported by the floor at two points between the side walls of the casing.

Operation The bottles are laid in the trays. The pusher members, which will engage the outer bottles in each tray, tend to shift the bottles toward the slot 24.

The inner bottles will engage the Stops 64A, or the spacer 12, as the case may be (see Figure 8). With a spacer T2 extending across four trays, each such tray, on either side of the spacer, may hold one brand of drink, so that the four trays may hold a total of eight different brands and it would be possible to select any one of such brands since access by the lifter L would be possible to select a bottle of any such brand then lying against the spacer. The last two trays could not hold two different brands and permit selection of a bottle of the brand in the last tray until the bottles in the fth tray had been all removed. Thus, in practice, the last two trays will hold bottles of a same brand.

A coin dropped into the coin box releases the lever 39, so that the lifter L, and therefore, the trap 30, is now free to be moved toward the slot 26, the trap coming to a stop when the stem S of the lifter reaches the right hand end (as seen in Figure l) of the slot 21, and in alinement with the slot 24. The lifter is now carried in the slot 24 to the selected position, that is, over the tray from which a bottle is to be selected. The selected bottle is carried by the lifter, the stem S moving along slot 24, then into slot 2S, to be received into the recess |33, the bottle being now in the trap 30. The trap is now moved toward bottle-delivering position (from right to left as seen in Figure l), thereby to bring the bottle to a position adjacent to the ejection opening 2S. As the trap thus moves, the bottle in the trap is gradually raised by the rod 50 until it slightly emerges through the opening when the trap has reached its initial position, and when it becomes locked, and remains locked until the next coin is dropped into the coin box.

What I claim is:

1. In a coin-controlled vending machine: a casing having a top opening; a pair of lids hinged at one end to said casing to close over said casing to form a partial closure for said opening, said lids being spaced from one another to define therebetween, when closed, an elongated slot; channels on the sides of said casing extending from one end of said opening toward said lids; a panel adapted to be slidden into said channels toward said end of said opening when said lids are raised, to complete with said lids, when closed, the closure for said opening, said panel being formed with an elongated slot including a portion in alignment with and operatively connected with rst slot, and said panel being formed with an ejection opening through which the wares may be withdrawn one by one; a ware lifting device including a stem movable in said slots for carrying a ware to adjacent said ejection opening; and coin-controlled mechanism carried by said panel for controlling the movement of said lifting device toward and away from said ejection openi-ng.

2. In a coin-controlled vending machine: a casing having a top opening; a pair of transparent lids hinged at one end to one end of said casing to close over said top opening to form a partial closure therefor, said lids being spaced apart at adjacent edges to define therebetween a narrow slot when closed; channels on the sides of said casing extending toward said one end of said casing; a panel adapted to be slidden into said channels when said lids are raised to complete with said lids, when closed, the closure for said top opening, said panel having a narrow slot including a portion in alignment with and operatively connected with said rst slot, and said panel having an ejection opening through which the wares may be removed one by one; a ware-lifting device including a stem movable in said slots for carrying a ware to adjacent said ejection opening; and coin-controlled means carried by said panel for controlling the movement of said lifting device toward and away from said ejection opening.

3. In a machine as set forth in claim 2; said panel, and said lids when closed, co-operating in preventing substantial movement of said panel in said channels toward said lids.

4. In a machine as set forth in claim 3; means for locking said lids in closed position; said panel, and said lids when locked closed, co-operating in preventing substantial movement of said panel in said channels toward said one end of said casing.

5. In a machine as set forth in claim 2, said channels extending to a point short of the free ends of said lids when closed.

6. In a coin-controlled vending machine of the kind wherein the Wares are manipulated by a lifting device having a stem projecting out of the top of the machine through a guiding slot, said machine including a casing having a top opening; a unit constituted of closure means and means controlling the movement of the lifting device, comprising: a frame adapted to be secured to the casing adjacent the top opening; a pair of lids hinged to one end member of said frame forming, when lowered over said frame, a partial closure for the said opening, said lids being spaced apart along adjacent edges to dene a narrow slot; channels carried by the opposite side members of said frame and extending toward said one end member; a panel adapted to be slidden into said channels, when said lids are raised, to complete with said lids, when lowered, the closure for the top opening, said panel having a narrow slot including a portion in alignment with and operatively connected with said first slot, and said panel having an ejection opening through which the wares may be withdrawn one by one; and coin-controlled means carried by said panel for controlling the movement of the lifting device toward and away from said ejection opening.

7. In a coin-controlled vending lnachine including a casing, a top member having an ejection opening through which the wares may be withdrawn one by one out of the machine, and a 'fting device manually operable to carry a ware toward the ejection opening; a member adapted to receive a ware mounted for longitudinal movement under said top member and actuable by the lifting device between ware-receiving position and ware-delivering position adjacent the ejection opening, means actuable by said warereceiving member for raising the ware in said member toward the ejection opening when said ware-receiving member moves toward ware-delivering position, and coin-controlled means controlling the movement of said ware-receiving member.

8. In a coin-controlled vending machine, a casing including a top closure member formed with a narrow elongated slot, a ware-lifting device manually operable by a stem movable longitudinally in said slot to carry the ware toward ejection position, a plurality of parallel elongated trays for the wares in said casing directed substantially at right angles to the axis of said slot, a pair of ware-pusher members in each of said trays, means urging said pusher members toward one another automatically to shift the wares in the direction of said slot, and a spacer member adapted to be secured in at least one of said trays substantially under said slot to form a stop determining the position of the pusher members of said one of said trays and thereby providing a space longitudinally of said slot clear of wares through which said lifting device may be moved to a tray beyond said one of said trays.

9. In a coin-controlled vending machine as set forth in claim 8, said tray including parallel vertical walls, and said spacer member including a horizontal wall extending above the upper edges of said vertical Walls.

10. In a coin-controlled vending machine as set forth in claim 8, said tray including parallel vertical walls.

11. In a coin-controlled vending machine as set forth in claim 8, said tray including parallel vertical walls, and said spacer member including a horizontal Wall extending above the upper edges of said vertical Walls; said horizontal wall above an outer tray and one vertical wall of such tray also having a cut out to present an open space into which the Ware being carried by said lifting device may lower below said horizontal wall.

12. In a coin-controlled vending machine, a casing including a top closure member formed with a narrow elongated slot, a bottle-lifting device manually operable, by a stem movable longitudinally in said slot, to carry a bottle toward ejecting position, a plurality of parallel elongated trays for bottles in said casing directed substantially at right angles to the axis of said slot, a pair of bottle pusher members in each of said trays, means for urging said pusher members in the direction of said slot, the front wall of the front tray having a cut-out, and a spacer member including an upper horizontal wall adapted to be secured in at least one of said trays substantially under said slot to form a stop determining the position of said pusher members of said one of said trays thereby to provide a space longitudinally of said slot clear of bottles through which a bottle from a tray beyond said one of said trays may be carried by said lifting device toward ejecting position, said horizontal wall having a cut-out at its forward end substantially co-extensive with the width of the tray so that when said spacer member is positioned to present its cut-out above the front tray a verticallyopen space is formed into which the bottle being carried by said lifting device toward ejecting position may lower below said horizontal wall.

WILSON MARKS STEWART.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,106,185 Morin Jan. 25, 1938 2,150,863 Morin Mar. 14, 1939 2,284,931 Stewart June 2, 1942 2,514,681 Stewart July 11. 1950