US261712A - William hochhausen - Google Patents

Description

(No ModeL) W. HOGHHAUSEN.

OOMMUTATOR FOR DYNAMG ELECTRIC MAGHINES No. 261,712. Patented July 25, 1882.

Fig.3

ATT EST:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

YVILLIAM HOOHHAUSEN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

COMMUTATOR FOR D YNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES.

SPECIFICATION'formmg part of Letters Patent No. 261,712, dated July 25, 1882.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WM.Hoon1-IAUsEN,a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in (Jommutators for Dynamo-Electric Machines and Electric Motors, of which the following is a specification.

ln commutators as ordinarily constructed it frequently happens that a cross-connection is formed between adjoiningplatesthereof, either from the presence of minute particles of conducting material in the non-conducting substance used for separating the plates or from the formation upon the surface of the non-conductor of a metallic film caused by wear of the commutator-brushes, or from the lodgment of particles of conducting material in the angles of the commutator. It also sometimes happens in those constructions of commutator in which the com mutator-plates are held between two disks of hard rubber backed by disks of metal that a cross-connection is formed in the metallic disk at the points where the wires from the armature pass through it.

The object of my invention is to make a commutator that shall be free from the above difficulties, readily kept clean, and of simple, strong, and durable construction.

The object of my invention is also to do away with the backing of metal heretofore employed with those comniutators in which disks of hard rubber or equivalent materials are used for holding the commutatonplates, which disk has heretofore been found necessary by reason of the tendency of the rubber to soften and warp or become displaced under the efi'ects of heat.

To these ends 1 construct the commutator of a series of plates so constructed that theirouter surface forms a cylindrical surface for the brushes, separated from one another and from the shaft of the machine by free air-spaces, and separately and directly attached to a disk of stone suitably connected to the shaft of the ma-- culiar devices for connecting the wires leading from the armature to the separate plates.

The nature of my invention will be readily understood from the accompanying drawings and description, and the features constituting the invention will be specified in the claims.

Figure 1 is an end view of the commutator. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal central section of the same on'the line of the armature-shaft.

A represents the armature-shaft, and B one of the spider frames or arms to which the armature is secured. The arm B-fourof which are here supposed to be employed-is shown as provided with a rectangular projection suitably recessed, into which projection passes a screw by which the disk 0 is held in place. The points at which the holding-screws pass through the disk 0 are indicated at g, Fig. 1. The disk is of stone. 1 have found slate-stone to answer exceedingly well, but other kinds may be employed, and directly to its face are secured the separate commutator-plates D. Each plate D is separated entirely from its neighbors and from the shaft of the machine, so that no opportunity is given for the lodgment of material that would tend to form a orossconnection. The platesD are here shown as angle-pieces, preferably castin a single piece, and consisting of a longitudinal portion, D, curved upon the arc of the circle which is the outline of the commutator-cylinder, so as to form an even bearing-surface for the commutator-brushes, and of a rectangular portion,cl, which is seated against the face of the disk 0 and forms a good bearin g, and whose outer end constitutes a clamping-seat for the conductors from the armature. ductors is represented at 5, while f is a plate between which and the end of the portion d the wires are clamped by meansofscrews, as shown. Theinner ends of the angular portions d to the point it are somewhat narrower than the 1ongitudinal portion D, as indicated. This facilitates brushing away any dirt that may have lodged on the disk 0 between the plates. The operation of brushing or cleaning the commutator is also facilitated by reason of the fact that the plates are free at the outer end of the commutator. The separate plates are preferably secured to the face of the disk by screws One of the armature conpassing from the rear through holes drilled in the body of said disk. Holes are drilled at a a, &c., for the passage of the conductors leading from the armature.

' 5 My invention admits of many modifications in the devices employed for securing the com mutator-plates to the stone disk, and many will readily occur to those skilled in the art. As the method of so attaching the plates may to be varied in many wayswithoutdepartingt'rom the spirit of the invention, I do not deem it necessary to describe any others. The stone disk may also be connected to the armature frame or to the revolving armature-shaft in 1 other Ways. As the disk 0 is of stone, it can be attached directly to the metallic frame to which the armature is bolted or to any other metallic'porlion of the machine.

It is obvious that the plates maybe attached to the disk from the front in such a way that either plate can be removedwithout disturb.- ing the others or removing the plate 0.

Although the plates I) are supported at one end only, so that the plate 0 is subjected to considerable strain, they are nevertheless held immovably and permanently in place, owing to the rigid nature of the material and its insensibility-to cfi'ectsof heat communicated to it from any heat-ed portion of the machine. This would not be thecaseif hard. rubber or such like material ordinarily employed were used, as I have found by actualexperiment that the heat of the machine and the-strain ot' the commutator-platesare sufficient to cause the center of a disk of this material to bulge and cause the plates to be displaced. It would of course be possible to support the plates D at both ends; but for the sake of simplicity, cheapness, and facility of cleaningI prefer to attach them at' one end only.

What I claim as my invention isl. A commutator fora dynamo-electric machine or electric motor, constructed of a supporting plate or disk of stone, to the face of which are directly secured the commutator 5 plates or segments.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a commutator for a dynamo-electric machine or electric motor, constructed substantially in the manner described, of a disk of stone, E, and commutator-plates D d, the angular portions.

d of which rest against the face of the disk with an extended bearing-surface and are secured directly thereto.

3. The combination of the spider-arms, the insulating-disk of stone secured directly to said spider-arms, and the commutator-plates attached directly to the face of the disk.

4, The combination, substantially as shown and described, of the commutator angle-plates D d, the clamping-seats formed upon the upper end or" the portions d, clamping-plates f, a disk of -stone supporting the commutatorplates, and'conductors from the armature passing through perforations in the disk 0.

5. The combination, substantially as described,-ot'a supporting-disk of stone, the angle-plate D (Least inone piece, the conductor- Wire from the armature resting upon the end of said plate, and clamping-plate f.

6. The combination, substantially as described, with a'supporting-disk of stone, of commutntor-plates, each consisting of a longitudinal portion forming a bearing for the commutator-brush, and a portion-extending at right; angles from the first-namedportion, with an extended'fla-ttcned bearingsurface, as-shown, and seated against the supporting-disk, and means, as described, for holding the latter portion against the disk.

WILLIAM HOOHHAUSEN.

Witnesses:

H. O. TOWNSEND,

THOS. TOOMEY.

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