US2614198A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US2614198A
US2614198A US258324A US25832451A US2614198A US 2614198 A US2614198 A US 2614198A US 258324 A US258324 A US 258324A US 25832451 A US25832451 A US 25832451A US 2614198 A US2614198 A US 2614198A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tube
electrode
plate
tubes
welding
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Expired - Lifetime
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US258324A
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Raymond W Avery
Kenneth J Dangerfield
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Austin Motor Co Ltd
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Austin Motor Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
    • B23K11/3081—Electrodes with a seam contacting part shaped so as to correspond to the shape of the bond area, e.g. for making an annular bond without relative movement in the longitudinal direction of the seam between the electrode holder and the work

Definitions

  • Thisiinvention relatesto heatsexchangers, more 'in end plates, the-whole being enclosed by an envelope which is gas tight andlis;.,furnished with appropriately positioned inlet and outlet openings.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a new or improved method of and means for securing the ends of the tubes in their mounting holes in the end plates in a gas tight manner.
  • the method according to the invention consists broadly in employing resistance welding, commonly known as spot welding, to make the joint between the metal of the tube end and the surrounding metal of the end plate, such welding being performed by causing a large electric current to flow from an electrode at one outer side of the end plate and through the metal of the tube end and that of the plate to another electrode at the other inner side of the plate, said current being maintained for a suflicient period to ensure fusion of the parts to be joined.
  • resistance welding commonly known as spot welding
  • the electrode at the outer side of the end plate preferably will be provided with a conical end for engaging in the tube end.
  • the end of the tube at the outer side of the plate preferably will be flared or flanged and the conical-ended electrode will be accurately shaped to fit the end of the tube and conform to the flare 0r flange thereon.
  • the second electrode at the inner side of the plate preferably will be shaped to straddle the tube, and will be formed with blunt projections for making two local area contacts with the plate on either side of the tube at diametrically opposed points.
  • Said second electrode may be provided with an insert of insulating material between the portion of the electrode which straddles the tube and the tube itself.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a pair of electrodes.
  • Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a 1 portion of, e heatexchanger' and -.the pairrcfelectrodes,
  • the pairof .elec- .trodes comprises .anupperelectrode it provided with a conical .end H, and-a second lower .electrode 12.
  • Thelowerelectrode i2 is provided with two extension porti-o-ns, l 3, which both extend laterally rirom the main body of the electrode at the pedges ofone-sideface thereof, and also I extend upwardly as two blunt projections 14 having contact facessl5.
  • Betweenthe two .laterallyprojecting portions ⁇ 3 is located a'Ueshaped insert Hi of insulating material.
  • the two 1 electrodes may be used in a normallpedestal :type spotwelder.
  • a portion of one end plate of a heat exchanger in process of construction is shown at H. Portions of two tubes iii are shown with their end portions 28 spot welded into the plate IT. A third tube It is in position ready for welding and holes for the reception of the end portions of further tubes are shown at 2!.
  • the tube H) has its end portion 22 located in a through hole in the plate I1, and the very extreme end of the tube has been provided with a flare or flange 23.
  • the first electrode Ill is at the outer side of the plate and ready to be moved downwardly, as when mounted in a pedestal spot-welding machine, whilst the second electrode is at the inner side of the plate, and by reason of its shape it straddles the tube I9, the contact faces i5 of the blunt projections M making two local area contacts with the plate ll on either side of the tube it at diametrically opposed positions, the insulating insert l6 preventing any electrical contact between the tube and the second electrode.
  • the conical-ended electrode It has its end II accurately shaped to fit into the end 22 of the tube I9 and conform to the flare or flange 23 thereon when said electrode is lowered into welding contact with the said tube, and the flare or flange 23 prevents the tube Ill being pushed through or further into the hole in the plate I! by the pressure of the conical electrode, before fusion has taken place.
  • the welding current in passing from the contact faces of one electrode to the other is constrained to pass through both the tube end and the plate itself, and. by providing an accurately shaped electrode with a conical spigot portion to fit in the end of the tubes having a shoulder or side face to conform to the flare or flange thereon, and also by the provision of a second bifur- 3 cated electrode to straddle the tube on the inner side of the end plate, the making of resistance welded efiicient gas tight joints between the tube ends and the end plates can be carried out expeditiously as the assembly is built up tube by tube as illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings.
  • the actual size of the contact areas 15 of the second bifurcated electrode would be varied as found necessary to suit the characteristics of the metal used for the tubes and end plates, and also to suit the relative dimensions of tubes and plates, pitch of tubes, and the like.
  • the method of resistance welding a tube to a plate wherein the tube is receivable within an opening in the plate and the exterior wall of the tube adjacent the end thereof contacts the metal of the plate around said opening, which comprises supporting the plate at one side thereof at spaced apart points spaced from the wall of the tube, moving an electrode into engagement with the end of said tube at the other side of the plate, and passing a welding current from said electrode through the metal of the tube end and the immediately surrounding metal of the plate to said spaced apart points of support, said current being maintained for a sufiicient period to insure fusion of the tube and the plate.
  • Mechanism for resistance welding a tube to a plate wherein the tube is receivable within an opening in the plate and the exterior wall of the tube adjacent the end thereof contacts the metal of the plate around said opening, comprising an electrode having spaced apart portions straddling the tube, said portions engaging the plate at one side thereof, a second electrode positioned at the other side of the plate and movable into engagement with the end of said tube, and means for passing a welding current from the second electrode through the metal of the tube end and the immediately surrounding metal of the plate to said spaced apart portions of the first named electrode.
  • Mechanism as set forth in claim 4 which comprises in addition, an insulating member positioned between the portions of the first named electrode and spaced from the tube.

Description

Uct. 14, 1952 w. AVERY ET AL 2,614,198
HEAT EXCHANGER Filed Nov. 27, 1951 Ilka 1M LUMM Patented Oct. 14, 1952 [TED STATES PATENT OFFICE HEAT :EXCHANGER Raymond W. Avery, Kings Norton, Birmingham,
and KennethiJ. Dangerfield, Selly Oak, Biramingham, England, assignors to The Austin -.-Mtor0ompany Limited,.Bir1ningham, England Application November 27, 1951, Serial No.258,32s .In Great-Britain December. 13,1950
*Thisiinvention relatesto heatsexchangers, more 'in end plates, the-whole being enclosed by an envelope which is gas tight andlis;.,furnished with appropriately positioned inlet and outlet openings. The gas to be cooled may pass through thetubes and the air may pass through the envelopeand over-or around the-tubes, or 'said gas may-passoveror aroundthe tubes and the=air may pass through them.
The present invention has for its object to provide a new or improved method of and means for securing the ends of the tubes in their mounting holes in the end plates in a gas tight manner. v
The method according to the invention consists broadly in employing resistance welding, commonly known as spot welding, to make the joint between the metal of the tube end and the surrounding metal of the end plate, such welding being performed by causing a large electric current to flow from an electrode at one outer side of the end plate and through the metal of the tube end and that of the plate to another electrode at the other inner side of the plate, said current being maintained for a suflicient period to ensure fusion of the parts to be joined.
The electrode at the outer side of the end plate preferably will be provided with a conical end for engaging in the tube end.
The end of the tube at the outer side of the plate preferably will be flared or flanged and the conical-ended electrode will be accurately shaped to fit the end of the tube and conform to the flare 0r flange thereon.
The second electrode at the inner side of the plate preferably will be shaped to straddle the tube, and will be formed with blunt projections for making two local area contacts with the plate on either side of the tube at diametrically opposed points. Said second electrode may be provided with an insert of insulating material between the portion of the electrode which straddles the tube and the tube itself.
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a pair of electrodes.
Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a 1 portion of, e heatexchanger' and -.the pairrcfelectrodes,
Referring totthe .drawings, the pairof .elec- .trodes comprises .anupperelectrode it provided with a conical .end H, and-a second lower .electrode 12. Thelowerelectrode i2 is provided with two extension porti-o-ns, l 3, which both extend laterally rirom the main body of the electrode at the pedges ofone-sideface thereof, and also I extend upwardly as two blunt projections 14 having contact facessl5. Betweenthe two .laterallyprojecting portions {3 is located a'Ueshaped insert Hi of insulating material. The two 1 electrodes -may be used in a normallpedestal :type spotwelder.
Reierring particularly to Fig. 2 of the drawings, a portion of one end plate of a heat exchanger in process of construction, is shown at H. Portions of two tubes iii are shown with their end portions 28 spot welded into the plate IT. A third tube It is in position ready for welding and holes for the reception of the end portions of further tubes are shown at 2!.
The tube H) has its end portion 22 located in a through hole in the plate I1, and the very extreme end of the tube has been provided with a flare or flange 23.
The first electrode Ill is at the outer side of the plate and ready to be moved downwardly, as when mounted in a pedestal spot-welding machine, whilst the second electrode is at the inner side of the plate, and by reason of its shape it straddles the tube I9, the contact faces i5 of the blunt projections M making two local area contacts with the plate ll on either side of the tube it at diametrically opposed positions, the insulating insert l6 preventing any electrical contact between the tube and the second electrode.
The conical-ended electrode It has its end II accurately shaped to fit into the end 22 of the tube I9 and conform to the flare or flange 23 thereon when said electrode is lowered into welding contact with the said tube, and the flare or flange 23 prevents the tube Ill being pushed through or further into the hole in the plate I! by the pressure of the conical electrode, before fusion has taken place.
The welding current in passing from the contact faces of one electrode to the other is constrained to pass through both the tube end and the plate itself, and. by providing an accurately shaped electrode with a conical spigot portion to fit in the end of the tubes having a shoulder or side face to conform to the flare or flange thereon, and also by the provision of a second bifur- 3 cated electrode to straddle the tube on the inner side of the end plate, the making of resistance welded efiicient gas tight joints between the tube ends and the end plates can be carried out expeditiously as the assembly is built up tube by tube as illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawings.
The actual size of the contact areas 15 of the second bifurcated electrode would be varied as found necessary to suit the characteristics of the metal used for the tubes and end plates, and also to suit the relative dimensions of tubes and plates, pitch of tubes, and the like.
Having fully described our invention, what We claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
l. The method of resistance welding a tube to a plate, wherein the tube is receivable within an opening in the plate and the exterior wall of the tube adjacent the end thereof contacts the metal of the plate around said opening, which comprises supporting the plate at one side thereof at spaced apart points spaced from the wall of the tube, moving an electrode into engagement with the end of said tube at the other side of the plate, and passing a welding current from said electrode through the metal of the tube end and the immediately surrounding metal of the plate to said spaced apart points of support, said current being maintained for a sufiicient period to insure fusion of the tube and the plate.
2. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein said electrode is moved into annular engagement with the end of said tube.
3. The method as set forth in claim 1 which comprises in addition, flaring the end or the tube, and moving the electrode into annular engagement with the flared end of the tube.
4. Mechanism for resistance welding a tube to a plate, wherein the tube is receivable within an opening in the plate and the exterior wall of the tube adjacent the end thereof contacts the metal of the plate around said opening, comprising an electrode having spaced apart portions straddling the tube, said portions engaging the plate at one side thereof, a second electrode positioned at the other side of the plate and movable into engagement with the end of said tube, and means for passing a welding current from the second electrode through the metal of the tube end and the immediately surrounding metal of the plate to said spaced apart portions of the first named electrode.
5. Mechanism as set forth in claim 4 which comprises in addition, an insulating member positioned between the portions of the first named electrode and spaced from the tube.
RAYMOND W. AVERY. KENNETH J. DANGERFIELD.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 697,560 Steinmetz Apr. 15, 1902 2,091,982 Hart Sept. 7, 1937
US258324A 1950-12-13 1951-11-27 Heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime US2614198A (en)

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2824212A (en) * 1955-10-19 1958-02-18 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Resistance welding methods and apparatus
US2824211A (en) * 1955-07-06 1958-02-18 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Resistance welding
US2931887A (en) * 1956-10-01 1960-04-05 Leist Karl Tube arrangement
US2933590A (en) * 1958-03-18 1960-04-19 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Stream feeder and method of making same
US4137125A (en) * 1976-11-12 1979-01-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method of welding nuclear reactor fuel assemblies
EP0056834A2 (en) * 1981-01-22 1982-08-04 Elpag Ag Chur Method of manufacturing a module comprising a tubular heating element
US4379961A (en) * 1977-04-27 1983-04-12 Danfoss A/S Method of making an apparatus containing a diaphragm
US20060006148A1 (en) * 2004-07-07 2006-01-12 Ananthanarayanan Venkatasubram Welding apparatus for resistance welding heat exchanger tube to tubesheet
US20060006147A1 (en) * 2004-07-07 2006-01-12 Ananthanarayanan Venkatasubram Method for welding heat exchanger tube to tubesheet
WO2014008563A1 (en) * 2012-07-12 2014-01-16 Whirlpool S.A. Device for simultaneous shaping and welding of connector pipes for compressors using a centralising pin; process of shaping and welding connector pipes for compressor using such device

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US697560A (en) * 1901-03-26 1902-04-15 Joseph Allison Steinmetz Tubular boiler.
US2091982A (en) * 1936-03-13 1937-09-07 Kenneth V Hart Method of making welded tube joints

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US697560A (en) * 1901-03-26 1902-04-15 Joseph Allison Steinmetz Tubular boiler.
US2091982A (en) * 1936-03-13 1937-09-07 Kenneth V Hart Method of making welded tube joints

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2824211A (en) * 1955-07-06 1958-02-18 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Resistance welding
US2824212A (en) * 1955-10-19 1958-02-18 Fairchild Engine & Airplane Resistance welding methods and apparatus
US2931887A (en) * 1956-10-01 1960-04-05 Leist Karl Tube arrangement
US2933590A (en) * 1958-03-18 1960-04-19 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Stream feeder and method of making same
US4137125A (en) * 1976-11-12 1979-01-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method of welding nuclear reactor fuel assemblies
US4379961A (en) * 1977-04-27 1983-04-12 Danfoss A/S Method of making an apparatus containing a diaphragm
EP0056834A3 (en) * 1981-01-22 1982-08-11 Elpag Ag Chur Method of manufacturing a module comprising a tubular heating element, and module manufactured by this method
EP0056834A2 (en) * 1981-01-22 1982-08-04 Elpag Ag Chur Method of manufacturing a module comprising a tubular heating element
US20060006148A1 (en) * 2004-07-07 2006-01-12 Ananthanarayanan Venkatasubram Welding apparatus for resistance welding heat exchanger tube to tubesheet
US20060006147A1 (en) * 2004-07-07 2006-01-12 Ananthanarayanan Venkatasubram Method for welding heat exchanger tube to tubesheet
US7253372B2 (en) * 2004-07-07 2007-08-07 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Method for welding heat exchanger tube to tubesheet
US7476824B2 (en) * 2004-07-07 2009-01-13 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Welding apparatus for resistance welding heat exchanger tube to tubesheet
WO2014008563A1 (en) * 2012-07-12 2014-01-16 Whirlpool S.A. Device for simultaneous shaping and welding of connector pipes for compressors using a centralising pin; process of shaping and welding connector pipes for compressor using such device
US20150183048A1 (en) * 2012-07-12 2015-07-02 Whirlpool S.A. Device and process for simultaneous shaping and welding of connector pipes for compressors
US9975197B2 (en) * 2012-07-12 2018-05-22 Whirlpool, S.A. Device and process for simultaneous shaping and welding of connector pipes for compressors

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