US2606013A

US2606013A - Excavating apparatus

Info

Publication number: US2606013A
Application number: US125016A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jr Bruce O Acker
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1949-11-02
Filing date: 1949-11-02
Publication date: 1952-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 1969-08-05

Description

5, 1952 B. o. ACKER, JR 2,606,013

EXCAVATING APPARATUS Filed Nov. 2, 1949 s Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. A 8190c: 0. flcmsy, we.

FTT'OKIVEYS Aug. 5, 1952 B. o. ACKER, JR

'EXCAVATING APPARATUS 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 2, 1949 IN V EN TOR. Eel/CE 0. flCXfie, 1/4.

HTTOR/VEYS /M lA J B. O. ACKER, JR

EXCAVATING APPARATUS Aug. 5, 1952 Filed Nov. .2, 1949 3 Sheets-Sheet :5

I ll I H Bkuc: 0. 4c

- paratus:

Patented Aug. 5, 1952 UNITED STA'T.ES' AT NT-"i l v 1 asoaoie I I :VEXGAVATING APPARATUS Bias-e; Acker, JrQ, Bessemer; Ala;

Application November This invention relates to earth excavating machinery, and particularly to a machine adapt.- ed-for mining ore and coal, and has for an object the provision of; apparatus of the character designated which. shall be simple and sturdy of design; reliable and flexible in operation, and one which shall be capableoi breaking down relatively hard, dense formations which have heretofore required explosives to break '3 Claims. (c 1. 262-13) end of the apparatus-showing theg trough with improved means for .manipulating the dipper and to remove the material as it is excavated. v

' Amore specific object of-myinventionis to provide excavating apparatus which shall include a' dipper" carrying vibratory, percussive type drills on its under side, projecting forwardly from its engaging edge and in'i which said dipper shall be pivotally mounted on a conveyer trough to deliver excavatedmaterial thereinto,

and in which the trough is pivotally mounted "f. at its opposite end to move angularly in all di- ,rections.

Briefly my invention comprises a self propelled vehicle having a stationary outer ring mounted at the front thereof to stand vertically'and transversely of the vehicle. An inner ring is mounted to rotate within the outer ring, and a trough is pivotally mounted within the inner ring to extend forwardly of the vehicle and to swing horizontally and verticallyyzith respect thereto. A dipper is hingedly mounted on the forward end of the trough and has mounted thereon a plurality of vibratory percussivecutting tools, such-as the well known jack hammersextending forwardly from the engaging lip thereof. These tools engage :the working. face of the material being excavated and cause it to fall in the trough. The vibration of the tools causes the trough to vibrate and convey the material "rearwardly thereof. A conveyor is mounted at the rear-of the trough to receive the material and convey it rearwardly of the vehicle.

Other" important features of my invention include the manner in which the rings are mounted R away showing my improved apparatus;

Fig 2 is a front elevation ofthe rings and yoke in which the trough is mounted with the trough removed; V

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the front of the ap- Fig. 4 is a side elevational view of the forward line VV of Fig.6;

2, 1949, Serial No. 125,01 i

dipper in an invertedposition; p-

taken Fig. 5 is a sectionahplan vie Fig. 6 is a sectional view aken along the 'line VI-VI of Fi '5: I Fig. 7 is a wiring diagram; I 1

Fig. 8 is a piping diagramior cylinders; and a r Fig. 9 is a piping diagram for the pneumatically operated jack hammers.

Referring now to the drawings fora better understanding of myinvention, I show, a track laying vehicle having' the well knownfCater-r pillar treads i8 and ll mountedonyforward wheels 12 and rear wheels L3 and driverrby; individual reversible motors M- and; l 6 See;Fig.;=7. The power circuitv for the: motors is indicated at I! in Fig. '7. The vehicle is-provided'with longitudinal frame members ISand l9 and asuitable number oftransverseframe members 2L;

the hydraulic Mounted on the forward-end of :the. frame ring 22 is held against movement-relativeito the frameby attachment to the forward end of the frame members just described and byi-

Jateral braces

23 and 24 and a. top brace 26 which i. ex,- tend rearwardly. The braces 23; vZtand 2=6xare joined to a U-shaped m'emberjfl, which-is in'turn connected by downwardly extending braces: 28 and 29 to the sideyframemembers. :-The,outer stationary ring 22 is provided on its inner;: surfacewith double beveled bearing seats 31 and-'32. Mounted to rotate within the outer ring 22:,is an inner ring 33, having double beveled bearing surfaces 34 and 35'which are similar and opposed to the bearing surfaces 3| and .32." Interposed between the two

rings

22 and 33 aredoubl'e conical bearings 37*- which-' 'ar'e' mounted on through spindles 38 and hem menemy-means ofnuts 39. The ring 33 'isprov-ided with a'rearward extension 4! having sprocket teeth- 42 formed thereon. Thering-Sd'may be rotated'with respect to the outer ring ZZ by means of a'reversible motor driving a sprocketcl'rain which passes around the sprocket teeth 42. As shown inFig. '7, the motor 48 derives its power from "the circuit ll. r

Mounted within the inner ring 33 is a yoke 4.

The yoke 44 is vertically pivoted to the inner '33 by means of anupper'pivotpin'flt and fa'lowe'r pivot pin 41. The pivot pin 46 is held inlpla'ce by means of a stud 48 which passes u'pwairdly 50 having a bottom 54 and sides 56 and-f5]. .At

the rear of the trough-0n the underside of-the bottom 54 are brackets and 58 through which the piston rod 89 of a'hydraulic cylinder 9 I.

f" I "f 2,606,013

the rear of the trough. It will be noted that the its ends mounted in the falls to the bottom of the excavation, such as material cut or broken down" while the dipper is in v the operating position shown in Fig. 3, the mapin 59 is located considerably below the centerof the yoke 44 and inner ring 33 wherebyfwhe'n' the trough is in its normal position as shown in Fig. 6 the rear end is considerably lower'than" when in an inverted positionas shown; in Fig 4.

terial is scooped up by the dipper and the dipper "is thenraised as described above.

Mounted at the rear of the trough in position 'to' receive material therefrom is a belt conveyer Mounted on the underside of the bottom 540i. v

the trough is a bracket 8| to which is pivotally connected the piston rod 62 of a hydraulic cylinder 83. The opposite end of the hydraulic cylinder i3is pivotally connected-at84 to an arm Iiiformihg apart of the bracket By means of the hydraulic cylinder 83, the trough may be moved angularly with respect to its "pivot 59. Connected to the sides 56 and 5Iof the trough respectively, near the bottom,are brackets SI and '68. Pivotally connected to the bracket SIisthe piston rod 69 of a hydraulic cylinder II. The opposite end of the cylinder II is connected to the inner rotary ring 33 by a ball and socket joint I2 and I3. Connected to the bracket -I58 is the piston rod I4 of a hydraulic cylinder'lfi, which "cylinder is connected to the inner rotary ring 33 "84. The sides 8| and 82, as may be seen in Figs. 5 and 6, overlap the sides 58 and 51 of the trough 58. The dipper'ispivoted to the'bot'tom 54 of the trough by a piano hinge connection in which a pin 86 passes through the hinge. 'Pivotally connected to the side 8| of the dipper is the -piston'rod 81 of a hydraulic cylinder 88 and pivotally connectedto the side 82 of the dipper'is The opposite ends of the cylinders and 9| are pivotally' connected to the sides5I and 58 of the trough.

" Mounted on the underside of the bottom 83 of thedipper and secured thereto by any suitable means are a plurality of jack hammers, such as are. well known in the art,'and which are usually employed singly and manually for cutting pavements, cutting down ore and coal in mines, and in other-excavating and breaking operations. No detailed description ofthes'e' jack hammers is given;

It is well known in the art that they include a, rapidly reciprocating hammer element which acts upon suitable drills, or drill bits 91 to .force them into the work. As shown in the drawing, the drill bits 91 extend outwardly from (the material engaging lip 84 of the dipper so that -material cut or broken down by the drill bits can cut or broken down while the trough slopes forwardly at an angle greater than the angle at which the vibrating conveyer will operate, the trough is raised by means of the hydraulic cylinder 63 until the trough slopes in'the desired position. also, to remove the material which I 88 which issupported from the side members of the vehicle frame by means of uprights I 8| and conveyer frame members I82, only one 01' which is shown. Sprockets I83 and I84 are provided at the outer and'i'nner ends, respectively,

of the conveyer over which the conveyor belt runs. The conveyer may be driven by means'of a motor I86 mounted on the frame of the vehicle. The conveyer I88 delivers the material from the apparatus to any suitable place such as into a truck I81.

Referring to Fig. 8, the hydraulic system is illustrated. At I88 is shown a liquid reservoir from which the liquid is pumped by a positive displacement pump I89 which delivers the liquid under pressure through conduitsjII8, III,' H2 and II 3 to four-way valves H4, H6 and H8 respectively for'operating the hydraulic cylinders heretofore described. Liquid under pressure flows from the valve II4 to the outer end of the cylinder 16 through a conduit H9 and simultaneously to the inner end of the cylinder II through a conduit I2 I. Fluid from the outer end of the cylinder II is returned to the valve II4 through a conduit I22 and from the inner end of the cylinder I8 through a conduit I23 which joins the conduit I22 and thence through the valve I I4 through the conduit I I5 and to the reservoir as already described. It will be understood that in the other position of the valve II4, fluid under pressure is supplied throughthe conduits I22 and I23v to the inner end of the cylinder. II and the outer end of the cylinder I6, respectively, in which instance, the fluid isreturned from the cylinder II and I6 through the conduits I2I and I I9 to the valve II 4 and thence to the conduit I I5.

Fluid under pressure from the valve I I6 is supplied to the inner end of the-cylinder 83 through a conduit I28 and at the same time is returned to the reservoir I88 by means of a conduit 128a connected to the outer end of the cylinder and the valve II 6 and a return conduit I28b which is connected to a common return conduit I 24.

Fluid under pressure, as already described, passes to the valve II8 through the conduit H3 and from said valve passes simultaneously to the inner ends of the cylinders 88 and 9| through a conduit I26 and is returned to the reservoir I88 through a conduit I2I connected to the outer ends of the cylinders 88 and 9| and to the valve II8 from which it fiowsinto the return conduit I24. Inasmuch as the cylinders 88 and 9| are connected to the sides of the dipper 88, the two cylinders act and move in unison.

In Fig. 9 the air supply conduit I28 leading to the jack hammers 92, 93, 94 and 98 is indicated diagrammatically. Air for the operation of said hammers is supplied through valve I29 in a manner ,well understood.

From the foregoing description the operation of my improved excavating apparatus will .be readily understood. In the several views, particularly Figs. 1, 3 and 4, the apparatus is illustrated as it would preferably be employed in mining ore or coal. The vehicle, being selfpropelled by means of the motors I4 and I 8, is positioned before the face 01' the material to be excavated which is engaged by the dipper 88 and by the projecting drill bits 91. When breaking down material, the dipper 80 and trough 50 may be operated in a normal position, that is, with the open side of the trough upwards, in which case the material broken down by the jack hammers and drills will fall directly into the trough and be conveyed rearwardly by vibration of the trough. If necessary, the trough 50 may be raised so that its outer end is above the level of the inner end in order to hasten the movement of the rearward movement of the material. If required to break down material over a wide arc, the trough 53 may be turned on its side as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawing, whereupon an arc may be out which is somewhat wider than the vehicle. In event a large rock is broken down or falls .down, as shown in Fig. 4, the position of the trough Ell may be wholly inverted, by rotating the inner ring 33 as previously described and bringing the jack hammers and drills to bear downwardly on the rock. The breaking action of the drills is greatly aided by the weight of the dipper and the trough. After the material is broken to the required size for loading, it may be loaded by turning the dipper to the position shown in Fig. l and manipulating it by means of the hydraulic cylinders as heretofore described. The feature of having the horizontal pivot of the trough 50 below the center of the ring 33 also aids in the breaking action just described in that it raises the inner end of the trough 50 to its highest point. It is further of advantage in that it lowers the inner end of the trough 59 when in its normal position and thereby greatly aids in conveying the material which has been broken down.

While I have shown my invention in but one form, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited, but is susceptible of various changes and modifications, without departing from the spirit thereof, and I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be placed thereupon as are specifically set forth in the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In excavating apparatus including a dipper with longitudinally reciprocating percussive cutting tools mounted thereon and projecting in advance of the engaging lip of the dipper, a vehicle, a trough at one end of which the dipper is hingedly mounted to discharge material thereinto, a yoke mounted at the forward end of the vehicle in which the trough is pivotally mounted at its opposite end, a rotary member in which the yoke is pivotally mounted transversely of the mounting of the trough, means to rotate said member in a substantially vertical plane, and means to move said trough and said yoke angularly of their pivotal mountings.

2. In excavating apparatus including a dipper with longitudinally reciprocating percussive cutting tools mounted thereon and projecting in advance of the engaging lip of the dipper, a vehicle, a trough at one end of which the dipper is hingedly mounted to discharge material thereinto, a yoke mounted at the forward end of the vehicl in which the trough is pivotally mounted at its opposite end, a rotary member in which the yoke is pivotally mounted transversely of the mounting of the trough, means to rotate said member in a substantially vertical plane, means to move said trough and said yoke angularly of their pivotal mountings, and means to vary the position of said dipper angularly with respect to the trough.

3. In excavating apparatus including a dipper with longitudinally reciprocating percussive cutting tools mounted thereon and projecting in advance of the engaging lip of the dipper, a vehicle, a trough at one end of which the dipper is hingedly mounted to discharge material thereinto, a yoke mounted at the forward end of the vehicle in which the trough is pivotally mounted at its opposite end, a rotary member in which the yoke is pivotally mounted, reversible means to rotate said rotary member in a substantially vertical plane, and means to move said trough and said yoke angularly of their pivotal mountings.

4. In excavating apparatus including a dipper with longitudinally reciprocating percussive cutting tools mounted thereon and projecting in advance of the engaging lip f the dipper, a trough at one end of which the dipper is hingedly mounted to discharge material thereinto, a selfpropelled vehicle, a stationary ring fixedly mounted at the front of the vehicle and extending upwardly therefrom with the axis of the ring in a horizontal plane, a second ring mounted to rotate within the stationary ring, a yoke mounted to pivot about a vertical axis within the rotary ring, a horizontal pivotal mounting in the yoke for the other end of the trough, means to move the trough angularly in the yoke, means to move the yoke angularly with respect to the second ring and means to rotate said second ring.

5. Apparatus. as defined in claim 4 in which the pivot for the trough is located below the center of the rotary ring.

6. In excavating apparatus, a vehicle, a stationary outer ring mounted on the front of the vehicle to stand vertically and transversely thereof, double beveled bearing seats formed on the inner face of the ring, an inner ring mounted to rotate within the outer ring and having double beveled bearing seats on its outer surface, double conical bearings between the rings, means to rotate the inner ring, a trough extending forwardly from the vehicle and having its rear end pivoted to swing horizontally and vertically within the inner ring, means to swing the trough, a-dipper hingedly mounted on the outer end of the trough, means to vary the position of the dipper about its hinge point, and a plurality of' vibrating percussive cutting tools mounted on the dipper and projecting forwardly from the engaging edge thereof.

'7. Apparatus as defined in claim 6 in which the horizontal pivot of the trough is below the center of the inner ring when the open side of the trough is upwards.

8. Apparatus as defined in claim 7 in which a conveyer is mounted on the vehicle at the rear of the trough in position to receive excavated material therefrom.

BRUCE O. ACKEl-t, J R.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES- PATENTS Number Name Date 1,067,375 Proctor July 15, 1913 1,516,633 Dillig Nov. 25, 1924 1,735,122 Mattinson et al. Nov. 12, 1929 2,228,445 De Velbiss Jan. 14, 1941 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 239,867 Germany Feb, 3, 1911