US2605793A

US2605793A - Double-acting wood wool machine

Info

Publication number: US2605793A
Application number: US103621A
Authority: US
Inventors: Humelin Ernst Alarik Allan
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1947-06-02
Filing date: 1949-07-08
Publication date: 1952-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 1969-08-05

Description

Aug. 5, 1952 E. A. A. HUMELIN DOUBLE-ACTING WOOD WOOL MACHINE 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 Filed July 8, 1949 INVENTOR. ERNST- ALARIK ALLAN Human" BY Aug. 5, 1952 E. A. A. HUMELIN DOUBLE-ACTING woon wooL MACHINE 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Filed July s, 1949 INVENTOR. 'ERNST ALARIK ALLAN HuMELm Patented Aug. 5,.- 1952 Ernst Alarik Allan Humelin, Tammeri'ors, Finland Application July 8, 1949, SerialNo. 103,621

In Sweden June 2, 1947 s It is a known fact that wood-wool machines for the production of excelsior having' a forward and backward slide the blades are so arranged that the planing of one and the same piece of wood occurs in one movement direction only.

The invention in question concerns a woodwool machine in which the planing of one and the same piece of wood occurs in both movement directions of the slide by means of double or multi-double blades and a lancet block. The machine is principally characterized thereby that during its running the blades systematically change their position in connection to the to and f ro- Vmovement of the slide of the machine. These blades are fixed to a separate frame or blade-holder-loosely attached to the slide of the machineewhich is so arranged as to obtain its systematic secondary movement by means of .the connecting rod that gives the slide its to and Hiro movement. l The attached drawing illustrates a wood-wool machine according to the invention in question. Fig. l shows the schematic woodwool machine in section, seen from the side. Fig. 2 shows the position Vof the feeder screws seen from above. Fig. 3 shows a cutting of a feeder screw'that illustrates the shape of the threads. Fig. 4 shows the screw and worm wheels seen from the right side. Fig. 5 shows the mantle surface of the screw wheel, cut along the line A-A in Figure 1 ,and developed on a horizontal level. Fig; 6 VshowsY a modification of the construction "according to Figure 1 and Figure '7 also a modi- ''cation of Figure 1, lbut with vertical cutting blades from above and Figure 8 a cutting along theliiie"BBA in Figure '7. Y Y' In" the diierent figures I is a connecting rod that putsY slide 2--directed by prisms 3 and 4- into a to and fro movement. The eccentric 5 `jswirgsfvwith the connecting rod and alternately presses against rollers 6 and 'I', whereat rod 8 'glides to and'fro in the bearings fixed to the slide 'or the prisms 9 and I0. Rod 8 has a U-shaped endwhich encirclescrank pin II, which in Vturn is mounted on a disk I2 to systematically twist i this disc forward and backward whereby the pin I3 gives the frame or blade-holder I4 such a movement that then, for instance, the planing blade I 5 rises while the blade I 8 placedr on the opposite side will lower itself; on the reverse stroke, blade l5 will rise and blade I6 will be lowered, thus permitting planing in both movement di'- rections The so-called lancet blades I'I are for cutting notches in the wood so that there will be several 'narrow shavings instead one broad 1o claims. (ci. 1442-185) l one. The blade-holder is at its other end loosely attached to the axis I8, which is eccentrically Aplaced in connection to the pin I 3. In order that the blade-holder should have a'better steering both the ends of the axis I8 are of square crosssectional shape; alternatively a bushing can be used. -When changing the blade-holder .the pin I3 is removed `making it possible to swing the blade-holder around the axis I8, like a door on its hinges, and it can then'be easily extracted. Naturally, the blade-holdercan be xed at `both ends in a similar manner but in such a caseitis moreY diicult to change the blade-holder. `The screws YI $,that feed the wood towards the )planing blades, obtaintheirperiodic movement via the toothed wheels 20 and 2I in such a'mann'er that the toothed wheels 2I, which are iixed at the axis 22, obtain their movement from a driving or work wheel 24 over the shaft 23. The worm wheel 25 vhaving a worm segment 26 each give an impulse per revolution to the geared wheel 24,'which thereby obtains an impulse at -the end of every stroke of the frame I4, or two`iinpulses per revolution. The cog back 21 situated betwen the worm segment 26 and rthe partly double-tracked cog back 28, all of which are without pitch, are there in orderA to keep the worm wheel in gear between the strokes'. In order to be able and utilize the least possible pitch, and thereby provide noiseless running with little wear Yand tear and at the same time avoid aweakening deformationfor the cogs, the worm segments -26 are provided with a smallpitcli so that each of them only feed the worm wheel half the distance between Ytwo cofgs. Only after-both the screw segmentsr 26 have operated in their turn has the worm wheelA 24 twisted a distance equalv to that between two cogs. When the gear 'wheel 24 has rotated a revolution the number of impulses is thus double the number of cogs on the Awheel. For instance, if the ynumber of screw segments is increased to three then the number of the impulses is increased tothreel times that of the cogs.- In order to obtain the best possible feeding of the wood the screw threads I9 are'so constructed that the side of the thread profile (Fig. 3), which is turned toward the plane, is parallel to the planing surface of the slide. It canbe of advantage that there are more screws I9 at each ofy the piece of wood, thus in two parallel rows (see Fig. 2). In order to steer the wood it is possible to place between the screws, in one of the rows or in both of them, small steering blades 29, in which the edge of the blade is xed parallelly to the movement direetion'of the wood.

Giving the screws I9 a somewhat conical shape has the effect that the thread continuously works itself more deeply into the wood, which is thus held in a steady grip.

Fig. 6 illustrates another form of execution that has so to say hanging links, different from those earlier described in which the link was upright with Vthe centre of the disk i2 as a iiXed point andthepi-n .I3 located above. In both cases the links can incline towards one or the other side and the angle of inclination canbe more or less. The form of the axis i8 can vary and the axis can be rrnly attached at the bladeholder or at the slide. The main point is that the connection allows twisting.

It is a common feature for these constructions, which are meant to give the blade-holder the tilting or rocking secondary movement, that the blade-holder is xed to the slide at two points situated eccentrically in connection to one another.

Inthe modification according to Figure `6 the yblade-holder is loosely xed to the slide 2 by means of hanging orpendulating links 34 and it obtains its secondary movement from the connecting rod in sucha manner that the disk 35,

which is rmly attached to the connectingrod l and reciprocates with it, has a notch 36 in which is a roller 31 is disposed, which is connected to the blade-holder, whereby rthe latter, due to the construction of the notch, obtains an impulse at the end of every stroke, in one or the other direc- 1 1tion.

` suitable as it seemsfor thebearing mustbe placed on` both the outer edges of the blade-holder whereby the slide will become considerably vbroader andthe machine thereby larger than-fat theearlier mentioned rconstruction (Fig. l) where the :bearings are situated so to say -behind the planing blades en the inner side of the outer walls ofythe blade-holder. Inthese embodiments, the slideffis rmlyfconnected at all the corners. In

Fig.. '7, 39 is a notch that steers a ball 40, fixed to the ,bladeholder lll. The ball 40 in its turn impartsthe tilting movement to the blade-holder.

` For claritys sake I `wish to mention that 30 is the crank axis of the machine, 3| the bearings for-.this axis, 32 isa Acrank pin, 33 is abearing pin which simultaneously connects the crankpin I vtothe slide 2 and 4| is the piece of woodthat is to; be planed.

In all the aforesaid forms of execution the crankV pin has even anotherfunction lthan the ordinary task of only giving `the slide a to and fro movement and that is that it also imparts to the planing blades the tilting movement executed by themwhen they, during the running of Athe machine, change position in connection to the machines to and fro glide.

It'is also possible to arr-ange several other forms ofexecution, which belong to the sphere of the l invention, and different combinations of those l described above within the scope of the claims.

. I claim:

1; An apparatus for making excelsior comprising, in combination, slide means; means for 'reciprocating said slide means; a single, elongated blade holder element pivotally connected at one end portion thereof to said slide means; atleast three cutting blades xedly mounted on said 'blade holder` element, two of said cutting blades being inclined toward each other and con- 4g verging toward the plane in which said slide means reciprocates and the third cutting blade being located between said two cutting blades and extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane in which said slide means reciprocates; means for turning said blade holder so that only one of said two inclined blades cuts the wood in one direction of movement of said slide means and so that only the other of said two inclined blades cuts the wood in the other direction of movement of said slide means; and means for feeding wood to be cut to said blades.

2. An apparatus for making excelsior comprising, in combination, slide means; means for reciprocating said slide means comprising a connecting rod means pivotally connected at one end thereof to said slide means and pivotally and eccentrically connected at the other end thereof to a rotating drive means; a single, elongated blade holder element pivotally connected at one end portion thereof to Ysaid slide means; at least three cutting blades xedly mounted on said blade holder element, two of said cutting blades being inclined toward each other and converging toward the plane in which said slide means reciprocates and the third cutting blade being located between said two cutting blades and extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane Yin which said slide means reciprocates;

kmeans for turning said blade `holder so that only one of said twoinclined blades cuts the wood in one direction of movement of `said slide means andso that onlythe other of said two inclined blades cuts the wood in the other direction of -movement of-said slide means, said means for turning saidblade holder comprising alinkage means interconnecting said blade holder and said one endof said connecting rod means for causing the movement of said one end of said connecting rod means to turn said blade holder in opposite directions at the respective ends of the strokes of the connecting rod means; and means for feeding wood to be cut to-said blades.

3. An apparatus for making excelsior -comprising in combination, slide means; means for reciprocating said slide `means comprising a connecting rod means pivotally connected at one end thereof to said slide means and pivotally and eccentrically connected at the other end thereof to a rotating drive means; a single, elongated blade holder element pivotally connected at one end portion thereof to said slide means; at least three cutting Y.blades xedly mounted on said blade holder element, two of said cutting blades being inclined toward each other and converging toward the plane in which said slide means reciprocates and the third cutting blade being located between said two cutting blades and extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to Vthe plane in which said slide means reciprocates; means for turning said blade holder so that only one of-said two inclined blades cutsthe wood in one direction of movement of said slide means and so that only the other of said two inclined blades cuts ythe wood in the other direction of movement of said slide means, said means for turning said blade holder comprising a bar mounted on said slide means for sliding movement withl respect to said slide means in a direction substantially parallel to the plane in which said slide means reciprocates, cam means interconnecting said one end of said connecting rod means and said bar for slidably moving said bar in opposite directions with respect to said slide means at the respective ends of the strokes of said pivotally connected to another end portion'of said Y blade holder, whereby saidsliding movement of said' bar causes said disc tojrotate and tilt said blade'holder; and means'for feeding wood` tobe fcutto said blades. y 1 4. An apparatus for making excelsviorcomprising, in combination, slide' means; means for reciprocating said slide means; asing'le elongated blade holder element pivotally connected at one end portion thereof to said slide means; at least three cutting blades i'lxedly mounted on said blade helder element, two Yof said lcutting 'blades-being inelinedtoward each other andconverging toward the plane in which said slidelm'eans reciproeates 5 andjthethird cutting blade being located'- between 'saidtwocutting blades'andextending in a direct1o substantially perpendicular to the plane in 'which saidslide means reciprocates;' means for turning saidblade holder so that only one of said two incline'dlblades cuts the wood in one direction ofA movement of said slidemeans and so thatl only the other of said two inclined blades cuts the wood in the other direction of movement of said slide means and means for feeding wood "to be out to said blades comprising at least two feeder screws forfeeding the wood to be cut and having threads with substantially flat sides confronting said slide manssaid at sides of said threads being located i planes which are substantially parallel-tothe plane in which said slide means re'ciprocates.

5. An apparatus for making excelsior comprise ing, in combination, slide means; means for reciprocating said slide means; a single, elongated blade holder element pivotally connected at one Vei'idrportion` thereof to said slide means; at `least three cutting blades fixedlylmounted on saidv blade holder-element, two of .said cutting blades being inclined toward each other and converging toward Ythe plane in whichsaid slide means reciprocates and the third Ycutting blade being located between said two cutting blades and extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to theplane in which saidslide means reciprocates; means for-turning said blade holder so that onlyv oneY of nsaid'twoinclinedblades cuts the wood in one direction" of movement of said slide means and so that only the other of said two inclined blades cuts the wood in the other direction of movement of said slide means; and means for feeding wood to be cut to said blades comprising at least two feeder screws for feeding the wood to be cut and having threads with substantially flat sides confronting said slide means, said flat sides of said threads being located in planes which are substantially parallel to the plane in which v'said slide means reciprocates and plate means mounted on said apparatus for guiding the wood to be cut and preventing it from turning.

6. An apparatus for making excelsior comprising, in combination, slide means; means for reciprocating said slide means comprising a connecting rod means pivotally connected at one end thereof to said slide means and pivotally and eccentrically connected at the other end thereof to a rotating drive means; a single, elongated blade holder element pivotally connected at one end portion thereof to said slide means; at least three cutting blades fixedly mounted on said blade holder element, two of said cutting blades being inclined toward each other and converging toward the plane in which said slide means reciprocates `and the third cutting blade being located between said two cutting bladesV and extending in a vdirection substantially perpendicular to theVv plane in which said slide means reciprocates; means for turning said blade holder'so that only'one of said two inclined blades cuts the wood in one direction l ofmovement `of said slide means and so that only the other of said two inclined blades cuts the wood in the other direction of movement of said slide means; and means for feeding wood to be cut-to said bladescomprising at least two feeder screws forfeeding the wood to be cut and having threads with substantially flat sides confronting said slide means said Vilat sides ofsa'i'd threads being located in Aplanes which are substantially parallel to the plane in which said slide means reciprocates, gear means operatively connected to said feeder screws to rotate the same, and worm Ameans interconnectingfsaid drive means and gear means for r'otating said gear means substantially at the ends of the strokes'of said connecting lrod means and for holding said gear-means stationary during movement of said connecting rod means between the ends of its strokes, the extent of rotation of said gearmeans by said worm means during one revolution of said drive'means being substantially equal to the number of degreesoccupied by one of the teeth on said gear means. Y f

'7. An Yapparatus for making excelsior 'comprising, in combination, Slide means; means for reciprocating said slide means comprising a connectingrod means pivotally connected at one end thereofto said slide means and pivotally and eccentrically connected at the other endl thereof to a rotating drive means; a-single, elongated blade holder element pivotally connected at one end portion thereof to said slide means; at least three cutting lblades xedly mountedV on said blade holder element, two of said cutting bladesbeing inclined toward each other and converging toward the plane in which said slide means reciprocates and the third cutting blade being located between said two cutting blades and extending in af direction substantially perpendicular to the plane in which said slide means reciprocates; means for turning said blade holder so that only one of said two inclined blades cuts the wood in one direction of movement of said slide means and so that only the other of said two'inclined blades cuts the wood in the other direction of movement of said slide means; and means for feeding wood to be cut to said` blades comprising at least two feeder screws for feeding the wood to be cut and having threads with substantially :dat sides confronting said slide means, said flat sides of said threads being located in planes which are substantially parallel to the plane in which said slide means reciprocates, gear means operatively connected to said feeder screws to rotate the same, and worm means interconnecting said drive means and gear means and having a single thread with a portion thereof located in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of said worm means and extending overslightly less than one-half of the outer surface of said worm means and with additional thread portions connected to the ends of said mst-mentioned portion of said worm thread andlocated on opposite sides of the outer surface of said worm means, the said additional portions of said worm thread being pitched only to the extent that each additional thread portion turns said gear means through approximately one-half of the number of degrees occupied by one of the teeth of said gear means.

8. An apparatus for making excelsior comprisngrin; combination, slide means; means for reciprocating said slide means comprising ,a connect-ing rodmeans pivotally connected at one end thereof to said slide Vmeans and pivotally and eccentrically -connected at the `other' end thereof to arotating drive means; a lsingle-elongated blade holder element pivotally connected at one end portion thereof to said slide means; at least three cutting blades iixedly mounted on-said blade holder, two of said cutting blades being inclined toward each othertand converging toward the plane in which said slide means reciprocates and the third cutting blade being Vlocated between said two cutting blades and extending in a direction-substantially perpendicular to the plane in Awhich said slide means reciprocates; means for turning said blade holder so that only one of saidtwo inclined blades cuts the woodin one direction of movement of said slide/means and so that only the other of said two inclined` blades cuts they rwood in the other direction of -movement of said'slide means, said means for turning said blade holder comprising abar mounted on said slide means for sliding movement withrespect tosaid slide means in a direction substantially parallel to the plane in which said slide means reciprocates, cam means interconnecting said one end of said connecting rod means and said bar for slidably moving said bar in opposite directions with respect to said slide means at the respective ends of the strokes of said connecting rod means, a disc rotatably mounted on saidslide means, -said bar having one end portion thereof pivotally and eccentrically connected to said disc, and said disc being eccentrically and pivotally connected to another end portion of said blade holderwherebysaid sliding movement of said bar causesfsaid disc to4 rotate and tilt said blade holder; and means for feeding thewood to be cut to said blades comprising at least two feeder screws for feeding the wood to be cut and having threads with substantially iiat sides confronting said slide means, said flat sides of said threads being located in` planeswhich are substantially parallelV to the plane in which said slide means reciprocates, plate means mounted on said apparatus for guiding the wood to be cut and preventing it from turning, gear meansoperatively connected to said feeder :screws to rotate the same, and worm meansinterconnecting said drive vmeans and-gear means and having a single thread .Withravportion thereof located in a-plane substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation portion of said worm thread and located on oppo-V site sides of the outer surface of said worm means,

lthe said additional portions of said worm thread being pitched only to the extent that each additional thread portion turns said gear means through approximately one-half of the number of degrees occupied by one of the teeth of said gear means.

9. An apparatus as defined in claim l and wherein the pivotal connection of said one end portion of said elongated blade holding element to said slide means includes a first elongated link pivoted adjacent one endithereof to said one end portion of said blade holding element and pivoted adjacent the other end thereofA to- -said slide means, said elongated blade holding element having another end portion opposite said one end portionv thereof; and a second elongated link pivotally connected adjacent one end thereof to said other end portion of said blade holding element and adjacent the other endthereof to said slide means. l

10. Apparatus as defined in claim l and wherein the pivotal connec'tionof said one end portion of said elongated blade holding element to said slide means is located in the plane in which said third cutting blade is located.

ERNsT ALARTK ALLAN HUMELIN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

' UNITED STATES PATENTS