US2604124A - Method of weaving in shuttleless looms - Google Patents

Description

y 22, 1952 w. J. BUDZYNA ET AL 2,604,124

METHOD OF WEAVING IN SHUTTLELESS LOOMS Filed Oct. 22, 1949 2 SHEETS-SHEET l INVEN TOR. WALTER JBUDZYNA y MAURICE RFLAMAND A TT ORNE Y y 1952 w. J. BUDZYNA ETAL 2,604,124

METHOD OF WEAVING IN SHUTTLELESS LOQMS Filed 001;. 22, 1949 2 SHEETS$HEET 2 34 as 65342 2a 26 as E 31 so r 27 INVENTOR. WALTER J BUDZYNA y MAURICE RI'IAMAND A TTORNE Y Patented July 22, 1 952 1 METHOD OF WEAVINGIN SHUTTLELESS Walter 'J. Bud'zyna, East Douglas, .Massv and Maurice RrFlamand, Central Falls, R. L, as-r signors to Draper Corporation, Hopedale, Mass a corporation of Maine Application ctober 22, 1949, Serial No.'122;9s2

. 1 This'invention pertains to improvements in methods of operating so-called shuttleless looms, and more specifically, to improvements in a method of operation thereof toimprove the control of the filling as it is inserted in the warp shed, to prevent the loose end of the filling from becoming unduly slack or displaced, and for facilitating the transfer of the filling thereby to assure complete certainty of that function as each pick is inserted and extended across'the shed.

Itis a general object'of the invention to control thefilling during its insertion at successive picksso as to effect transfer from one filling car-- rier to another more positively and while the filling is under appreciable tension,'tliereby'to perform the function repeatedly and without failure.

It is a further object of the invention to revise the method of operation of looms of the type described so that the loose end of filling shall always be under a maximum of control, and so that at the consecutive picks incidental to the insertion of each pair of interconnected picks the filling shall be manipulated under ,as nearly standard and idealconditions as is, practicably feasible;

According to previous methods forcontrolling.

beingwoven'. Certain difliculties arise from that,

method .of'operation althoughithas the advantage" of complete balance of the movement of the parts'sincejeach carrier moves the same dis.-v stance as the? other and" also consumes the same amount of time in effecting its filling inserting movement. However, certain disadvantages arise.

from this commonly accepted mode of operation,

one of which is that, while placing. the filling motion including various thread holding. members, thread 'guidingmeans and a severing means, all as close to theend of the lay as is practicable, the ends of the filling (either released 9 Claims. (01. 199-127) 2 or severed) are always free: durin a considerable extent of movement of the ca'rriers or for an' appreciable period of. time before actual transfer of the filling from one carrier to the other is effected. Another disadvantage is that when 'the'un'controlle'da end is evident or existent for a greaterperiodofftime before-transfer; there is a greater likelihood that the end: may whip around in a wild fashion: and assume a position or get into a condition whichv will result an imperfection in the finished fabric;

When the endv of the" filling is released or severed too great a period of time before transfer,- that function may be affected so that the transfer ismissed? Ifthathappens an imperfect pick is introduced and-.the looml mustbe stopped andrth'epick removed or the imperfection allowed to remain in the fabric; 'I'he functii-in of transferring, as will hereinafter be more thoroughly described, is dependent tension in the filling during: its insertion by the first carrier to engage it at the filling motion and which projects or pushes a doubled length of the filling part way throughthe' slied. Theother carrierin the form of a hooked instrument enters or otherwise cooperateswith' the first to engage the doubled length of filling and to extend the loose end thereof across the remainder ofithe shed. An appreciableamountofpiessureis ex erted against the} filling by'the hooked end of the second carrier in order to cause thatfiiling to deflect and tobecomefen'gaiged within a trap thereof. If'thetensioninthe filling as presented by the first carrier is not great enough, then the second carrier may not effect propen'and complete engagement, but maymerely push the; filling aside and then-retinn' to its endofi the loom without performing its intended function. In obviating the above mentioned difliculties and according. to the invention hereinafter described in greater detail, the fillin'g as presented by the first carrier is maintained under sufficient tension so that it is relatively. taut when it arrives at that point" at whichit'i'sengaged by thesecond carrier;

That-is accomplished by careful'l timingthe 3 of the carriers is timed to cause transfer before there is any sensible slack in the doubled length of filling inserted. In so doing the actual transfer is eifected while the parts are off center and limited to any particular type of filling inserting which is spring-pressed into engagement with the other at such times as the filling is to be heldagainst withdrawal from the supply, but which are separated against the tension of the spring or other resilient means at all other times.

After passing through the binder or' clamp 26-2! the filling is guided by devices adapted periodically to reverse its position so that, preferably, the loose end (either released or cut) is always beneath the carrier mechanism by which it is inserted. That contributes to more effective operation of mechanism of this. type, .although it is to be understood that such reversing of the filling is not absolutely essential to the effectiveness of the method herein described and claimed.

This-method is adapted to be employed in looms mechanism other than that said mechanism shall preferably comprise carrier: members recipirocated into and from a warp shed, one of said carriers functioning to insert adoubled lengthof filling and the other to which the first transfers its filling, functioning to draw or extend a severed or otherwise released end of that filling to the opposite edge of the fabric. The invention will be described hereinafter by reference to the accompanying figures of drawing wherein: Fig. 1 isa perspective view showing parts of a loom of the type des'cribed'at acritical point during the insertion of a pick'offilling' according to the method herein described and claimed. 1 i

Fig. 2 'is a "similar perspective.viewcshowing parts and the method involved atia similar phase in the insertion of'the nextadjacent pick;-

' Fig; 3 is a planviwof the transferring portions of filling carriers whichmayrbetemployed in the practice of the'invention". "I i Fig. dis an elevation of f those parts illustrated inFig'B';

Fig.5 is a section taken'at line'5-5, Fig."4.

Figs;- 6-13 aregdiagramm'atic :views' showing steps incidental to1practice"of the invention. :1' Y Fig." 14; is a view, showing that. type-0f fabric incidental tozth'e weaving of which the invention maybe practicedg" t 1 l .Nowreferring to-Figspl and 2, enough of a loom to which the invention has been applied is illustrated to serveas a basis for a description of the method involved; For-a more complete and detailed description of a loom of this type, reference is; hereby madefl-to' application Serial No. 71,622, filed January 1 19, 1949. The loom has, among other parts, a lay-beam adaptedto be swung to and from. extreme positions and to be held in, av position suchas that illustrated during a dwell period at which :time :the filling is inserted. The warp threads, generally indicated by-numeral 2I,. are passed. through areed 2 2, andare so ma-;

nipulate'dfasto'form'ashed-of the. usual type by any convenient .means, for example, the well known harness mechanism including cams, heddles, etc.

The filling mamtaiiiedas'an external source of V supply 23 mayfbersup-ported on any convenient creel or. other devicea'dapted to carryv a package or connectedpackagesbf substantialsize such as those used in s'huttleless V looms the filling .supply of which is maintained stationary and externally'of theinserting ,i'levic,e"s.,.- 2

That filling F drawn [from the package 23 is guided through certain apertures in, guiding means 24 and 25 and at or adjacent that point, is acted uponat certain desired times during the cycle of operation by a binder or clamping mechanism" 26- 21. Sue-hi clampingmechanism may take the forni of'ppposed pads or plates one of in which the loose end is manipulated as just above indicated, or where that added refinement is notavailed of. 20'

- Here, the reversing device is comprised as an eyelet guiding means 28 carried by a reciprocating rod 29 the movements of which are governed by certain cam mechanism not necessary of description here.

In addition, a depressor in the form of a hook or the equivalent, and indicated by numeral 30, is employedfor drawing the lling from an upper to a lower elevation, and in combination with the eyelet 2,8 and a trap, thehook serves first to assure that that portion of the filling running directly from the supply is fedabove the filling carrier, and on'the nextpick, below that carrier. e

After passing through the filling reyersing mechanism, it passes either through a second binder or clamp employing one element 3| and a combined clamping means 32 which is also apart of a movable trap member 33 cooperating with a relatively fixed trap member 34. Theparts 32 and 33 are mounted on a reciprocating rod 35 and by means of cams or other equivalent devices, are 'reciprocated or otherwise moved to and fro so that the filling maybe clamped or'held between the binder elements 31 and 32, or upon release therefrom, may be trapped by the elements 33 and 34 to be released at such, time as is found advantageous in the cycle of operation. 7

V In cooperation with the binder elements 3| and 32 and the trap, a cutter including the blades 36 and 31 functions to sever the filling whenever a suflicient amount thereof has been withdrawn as will hereinafter be described.

The actual means'employed toinsert the" filling as shown in Figs. 1-5 comprises carriers 38 and 39 each of which is in some manner more or; less permanently aifixed at the-inner end of a reciprocating'carrier actuating means 40 or 4| as the casemay be, the latter in the specific example given being formed from flexible strip material and having an inherent'tendency to assume and retain a rectilinear form. As described in the application above mentioned, and as isunderstood by those, conversant with this particular art, these flexible strips or tapes are preferably wrapped about tape wheels which are positioned at the sides of the loom and which are oscillated to and fro in properly timed relationship-to .the movement of other parts. .It .is preferable that they be given substantially all of. their movement incidental to inserting the filling while the. lay

equivalentdevices adapted: to' provide a dwell which may approximate substantially one-half the period of time consumed in the insertion and beating-up of a complete pick of filling. r

ness due to the action ofifilling feeling mech'anism' "which forms a part of the filling stop motion. Since the transfer takes place at an earlier point during the insertion of the pick and closer to the supply side than the opposite side at which the 'pick'is actually released andits short end left extending at the edge of thefabric, there is more time available for the filling feeling function, that is, more time-is available for permitting that element to engage the filling and to slip off the filling as it does, or, in the event the filling is not present, to indicate that stopping of the loom 'is required. 'Heretofore, in certain instances, thefilling has been released by the carrier 39 before the filling feeling function had. been completed. That has been found undesirable, although the adverse results have been definitely controlled by other means which forms no part of the present case. Here it is not necessary, or at least not as necessary, to employer different harness motion since the feeling of the filling may take place without undue rapidity and tension is maintained by the carrier 39 which will release the filling only'after it is no longer necessary to tension it.

Now referring to Figs. 6-13 which show diagrammatically diiferent points in the complete cycle of inserting two connected picks, the method and actual operation of the mechanism in accordance with the: principles of the invention will be reviewed. In Fig. 6' which may be considered the start of the cycle, although the carrier 38 has actually'moved for a short distance and is shown engaging the filling F, it is to be noted that that filling is held by the binder 3|, trap 33 is open and the hook 30 has drawn the filling downwardly beneath the path of the carrier while eyelet 28 has moved it directly in align ment with notch 42 therein.

In Fig. 7 the carrier has extendedthe filling drawing it from the supply 23 and is starting to introduce a doubled length thereof into the shed of the warp.

In Fig. 8 that movement has been carried forwardly and the outer binder elements'26 and 21 close to prevent funther filling being drawn-off the supply since an adequate length will have been measured off so that the released end here shown as just leaving the inner binder will extend to the opposite edge of the fabric. 'At this time it will be noted that the carrier 39 is practically in engagement with carrier 38 and that transfer must occur very quickly.

In Fig. 9 the trap. 33 has closed thereby trapping the yarn in position so that it will, in conjunction with an offsetting movement of eyelet 28 and the downward movement imparted thereto by hook 30, be reversed in preparation for being taken by carrier 38 at the next following pick; Here the carrier 39 is drawing the filling across th remainder of the width of the fabric. a

In Fig. '10 the position of elements is shown at the time the carrier 38 again engages the filling.

which is now connected at the'selvage, passes through the trap, and is free to be drawn from the supply.

In Fig. 11 the carrier 38 has started to project the second pick or doubled loop of filling drawing it from the supply and in this particular position the trap 33 is about to open thereby releasing that end of the material so as to tighten the selvage loop. I I

In the following Fig. 12 the carrier has reached its extreme position and almost simultaneously therewith, the cutter blades have severed the filling, it being understood, of course, that the repeated.

inner binder 3| closes at that point to retain the cut end which extends back to the supply. Transfer is preferably completed as'heretofore stated just after severing.

After the completereturn of the carrier 39 to the edge of the fabric, the end is released thereby completing one cycle incidental to the introduction of two connected picks. That point is shown at Fig. 13 and there the cycle is aboutto be In Fig. 14 a short piece of fabric has been diagrammatically illustrated and the selvage loops S are shown at the righthand edge while the short extending ends E are shown at the'left hand side. It is to be understood that some type of selvage or locking means is. preferably employed at the latter edge such, for example, as one of the well'known twisted selvages understood by those conversant with this art' and not necessary of description here.

The invention has been described in' more or less specific terms and by reference to its application to a particular type of shuttleless loom. It is to be understood that these looms take varying forms and that instead of the fiexible tapes 40 and 4|, the carriers may be reciprocated by relatively stiff and straight elements such .as needles and that the actual carriers themselves and the filling handling devices may be drasbe realized when practiced during weaving in any looms falling withinthe general category to which reference has been made herein.

' While one embodimentof the invention has been disclosed it is to be understood that the inventive concept may be carried out in a number of ways. The invention is, therefore, not to be limited to the precise details described, but is intended to embrace all variations and modifications thereof falling within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the claims.

We claim:

' l. A method of controlling the loose end of a pick of'filling and of facilitating transfer of that filling in a shuttleless 100111 of the type having carriers for filling fed from an external source of supply, a first one of which carriers is employed for inserting the pick part way through a shed of warp threads and the second of which is employedto receive the pick from the first and to extend it through the remainder of the shed, the steps of terminating the movement of that car'- rier which first projects the material for the pick at a point substantially short of the mid point of the width of the warp shed and releasing an end of the said filling as soon as a length thereof sufficient to reach across the shed has been measured, and substantially simultaneously therewith and at said point at which movement of'the firstcarrier is terminated, effecting transfer of the pick from the first carrier to the second andthen extendingit to the opposite end of the shed. e

2. A method of controlling theloose end of a pick of filling and of facilitating transfer of that filling in a shuttleless loom of the type having carriers for filling fedfr'om an external source of supply, afirst one of which carriers is employed for inserting the pick part way through-a shed of warp threads and the second of which is employed to receive the pick'from the first and to extend it through the remainder of the shed,

theisteps of terminating 'the'inovement of that 91. carrier which first projects th'e materialforth pick at a pointsubstantially-short of enema pointiof the width of the warp-shed and /severing said fillingas soon as a: length thereof suffic-ie'nttm reachacross-the-shedhas been measured, ane substantially simultaneously therewith and atsaidpoint at which-movement of the first carrier is terminated; efiectingtransfer of the pick from the first carrier to the-second and then extending it to the opposite end of the shed.

3; method ofcontrolling the loose endof a pick of filling and of facilitating transfer of that filling in a shuttleless loom of the type having carriers for filling fed from an external source of supply, a first one of which carriers is employed for inserting the pick part way through a shed of warp threads and the second of which is employed to receive the pick from the first and to extend it through the remainder of the shed, the steps of releasing an end of the said filling as soon as a length thereof sufficient to reach across the shed has been measured, and immediately thereafter and before the released end has become appreciably slack, effecting transfer of the pick from the first carrier to the second and then extending it to the opposite end of the shed.

4. A method of controlling the loose end of a pick of filling and of facilitating transfer of that filling in a shuttleless loom of the type having carriers for filling fed from an external source of supply, a first one of which carriers is employed for inserting the pick part away through a shed of warp threads and the second of which is employed to receive the pick from the first and to extend it through the remainder of the shed, the steps of severing said filling as soon as a length thereof sufficient to reach across the shed has been measured and immediately after the said filling has been severed and before the free severed end has become appreciably slack, effecting transfer of the pick from the first carrier to the second and then extending it to the opposite end of the shed.

5. A method of controlling filling during the process of weaving in a loom of the type in which reciprocable carriers are employed to insert said filling from an external source of supply the stepsof projecting a doubled length of filling toward the center of a warp shed by drawing the said filling from a supply while holding an end thereof, then holding the filling at the supply and releasing the said held end as soon as an amount of filling sufiicient to reach across the shed has been withdrawn and measured and before the most advanced portion of the doubled loop has reached the mid point of the warp shed, and

effecting interengagement of the carriers and transfer of the filling substantially at the same time the end thereof is released, and then extending the released end to the opposite end of the warp shed.

6. A method of controlling filling during the process of weaving in a loom of the type in which reciprocable carriers are employed to insert said filling from an external source of supply, the steps of projecting a doubled length of filling toward the center of a warp'shed by drawing the said filling from a supply, severing the filling as soon as an amount thereof sulficient to reach across the shed has been withdrawn and measured and before the most advanced portion of the doubled loop has reached the mid point of the warp shed, and effecting interengagement of the carriers and transfer of the filling substantially at the same time the end thereof is severed.

andithemextending the .releasedend to; theioppo-e site end of the warpishedai 1 F; a

[A method of can olling filling during the processorweavingmlanem of the type in which reciprocable carriers are employed to insert said filling from an -extern al"soi1rce of supply, the t s f. nroi ctins d u led; ngth: mi filli toward the center of a warp shed; by; drawing the said filling, froma supply. while holding the end thereof, then holding "the "filling "at" the supply and releasing the said held e'nd as soom asran amount of? filling sufficient :to's reach across the shed has been withdrawn and measured and terminating the step of projecting the filling loosp within the warp shed at a point substantially short of the mid point of the said shed, and effecting interengagement of the carriers and transfer of the filling immediately after release thereof, at said point offset from the center of the shed and before the free released end has become appreciably slack, and then drawing the said end of fillin across the remainder of the shed.

8. A method of controlling filling during the process of weaving in a loom of the type in which reciprocable carriers are employed to insert said filling from an external source of supply, the steps of projecting a doubled length of filling toward the center of a warp shed by drawing the said filling from a supply, severing the filling as soon as an amount of filling sufficient to reach across the shed has been withdrawn and measured and terminating the step of projecting the filling loop within the warp shed at a point substantially short of the mid point of the said shed,

and effecting interengagement of the carriers and transfer of the filling immediately after severing thereof, at said point offset from the center of the shed and before the free end thereof has become appreciably slack, and then extend ing the filling across the remainder of the shed.

9. A method of controlling filling during the process of weaving in a loom of the type in which reciprocable carriers are employed to insert said filling from an external source'of supply, the steps of projecting a doubled length of filling toward the center of the warp shed by drawing the said filling from a supply while holding the end thereof, then holding the filling at the supply and releasing the said held end as soon as an amount of filling suificient to reach across the shed has been withdrawn and measured and terminating the step of projecting the filling loop within the warp shed at a point substantially short of the mid point of the said shed, and effecting inter-engagement of the carriers and transfer of thefilling substantially at the same time the end thereof is released and at said point offset from the center of the shed, and extending the released end across the remainder of the shed, then reversing said filling so that the end thereof extending to the supply is at the opposite side of the said carrier and projecting a second doubled length of filling connected to the first toward the center of the warp shed by drawing the said filling from the supply and severing it as soon as an amount thereof sufficient to reach across the shed has been withdrawn and measured and terminating the step of projecting the filling loop within the warp shed at a point substantially short of the mid point of the said shed, and effecting interengagement of the carriers and transfer of the filling immediately after severing thereof, at said point offset from the center'of the shed and before the severed end has 681,00; Skinner et a1 Aug. 20; 71901 Name Date Ashton July 29, 1930 Menschner ,May 12, 1931. Dickie et a1. Aug. 20, 1935 Dreyfus May 19,1936 Drobile Feb. 1, 1938 Belotti May15, 1951 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain -.Ma,r. 6, 1930

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