US2601473A - Supervisory device both for comparatively small and comparatively large voltage variations - Google Patents

Supervisory device both for comparatively small and comparatively large voltage variations Download PDF

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Publication number
US2601473A
US2601473A US212144A US21214451A US2601473A US 2601473 A US2601473 A US 2601473A US 212144 A US212144 A US 212144A US 21214451 A US21214451 A US 21214451A US 2601473 A US2601473 A US 2601473A
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United States
Prior art keywords
relay
voltage
source
energizing
energized
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Expired - Lifetime
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US212144A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles Louis Van Weynsbergen
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
    • H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
    • H02H3/34—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors of a three-phase system
    • H02H3/353—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors of a three-phase system involving comparison of phase voltages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/0038—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the connection of the detecting means, e.g. for reducing their number
    • H02H1/0046—Commutating the detecting means in dependance of the fault, e.g. for reducing their number
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/008—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for protective arrangements according to this subclass

Definitions

  • This invention meets both of the requirements described above by using at leasttwo electro magnetic relays, whose energizing windings are connected in parallel with each other and which are adapted to be connected between a voltage source and an electrical loadf one of these relays, the first relay, responds to asmall variation of the voltage source, the other relay, the second relay, responds to a large variation of the voltage source.
  • the first relay is de-energized with the use of contacts connected in series with the'first relayand associated with the second relay.
  • the first relay will withstand a maximum voltage which is at most 5 times the value of the minimum voltage to which this relay will respond, a preferred ratio for this maximum-minimum voltage relationship being 6.
  • the second relay will withstand a maximum voltage which is also 6 times the value of the minimum voltage to which this relay will respond.
  • the minimum voltage of the second relay has 6 times the value of the minimum voltage of the first relay.
  • the relay system will withstand a maximum voltage of 6X6 or 36 times the value of the minimum voltage that will operate the first relay. Relays with larger maximum-minimum voltage ratios may be used so that a greatermaximum voltage can be withstood.
  • bothrelays When a voltage which will energize the second relay is supplied to the paralleled energizing windings, bothrelays are energized, but energizing the second relay de-energiz'es the first relay as described above. Thus the first relay winding is protected from large voltages.
  • the parallel-connected relay windings when used in conjunction with a three phase voltage source, are connected in series with the secondary windings of three single-phase transformers, the primary windings of which-are adapted to be connected in star-connection to the three phase voltage source.
  • a control apparatus 2- which is used to connect and disconnect a load 3is connected to a four wire, three-phase network I.
  • the star-con nected primary windings 4 of threesingle-phase transformers 5 being arranged in series with two parallel-connected relays l and 8.
  • two Gratz-connected rectifiers 9 and 10 are used;
  • the first relay 1 is so proportioned as to respond, for example, to a voltage variation exceeding +10% or l0% of one of the phases, whereas the relay 8 becomes energized only at a voltage 6 times as high.
  • a contact ll of relay 8' is connected in series with the relay 1.
  • a contact I3 of'relay 8 is connected in series with a contact I2 of relay 1.
  • the contacts are kept normally closed by means of a spring M'or the like.
  • the two-series-connected contacts I2 and I3 are connected to the control ap paratus 2.
  • the secondary windings 6 are delta-connected, the resulting secondary voltage at symmetrical phase voltages will be equal to zero. Upon a variation in any of the phase voltages the equilibrium is broken, however, and a certain difference voltage will be set up across the relays.
  • the load 3 is to be disconnected upon a supply voltage variation exceeding 10% in any of the phases, this is effected by energizing the relay 1 with the result that the contact I2 is opened and the load 3 is disconnected by the control apparatus 2. It may happen. however, that a 30-fold voltage is set up across the relay 1, for example, if two of the three main fuses l5 are defective and the two disconnected phases are fed by return voltage from the remaining phase by way of engaged electrical apparatus.
  • the three transformers constituted by a primary winding 4 and a secondary 6, carry primarily the same voltage so that they are connected in parallel, whereas the three secondary windings 6 are connected in series, hence the resulting secondary voltage becomes three times as high as the voltage of a single winding, or 30 times as high as the voltage variation of 10% to which the relay 1 will respond.
  • the relay 8 is energized, since its minimum energizing voltage is only 6 times as large as the minimum energizing voltage of relay I.
  • contact H is opened so that relay 1 is de-energized and thus cannot be damaged.
  • contact I3 is opened, since the contact I2 is closed automatically when relay I is de-energized, so that the control apparatus 2 disconnects the load 3.
  • Apparatus for disconnecting an electrical load from a voltage source subject to voltage variation when the voltage of said source varies beyond a predetermined amount comprising a first electromagnetic relay including an energizing winding and contacts actuated thereby, a second electromagnetic relay including an energizing winding and contacts actuated thereby, means for coupling the energizing windings of both relays in parallel relation to said voltage source, the energizing winding of said first relay having a predetermined sensitivity at which this winding is energized upon occurrence of a relatively small variation in source voltage, the energizing winding of said second relay having a predetermined sensitivity at which this winding is energized upon occurrence of a relatively large variation in source voltage, means interposing contacts of said second relay between the energizing winding of said first relay and said source to effect de-energization of said first relay upon energization of said second relay, means including contacts of both relays for disconnecting said load from said source under given ener
  • Apparatus for disconnecting an electrical load from a voltage source subject to voltage variation when the voltage of said source varies beyond a predetermined amount comprising a first electromagnetic relay including an energizing winding and contacts actuated thereby, a second electromagnetic relay including an energizing winding and contacts actuated thereby, means for coupling the energizing windings of both relays in parallel relation to said voltage source.
  • the energizing winding of said first relay having a predetermined sensitivity at which this winding is energized upon occurrence of a relatively small variation in source voltage
  • the energizing winding of said second relay having a predetermined sensitivity at which this winding is energized upon occurrence of a relatively large variation in source voltage
  • means interposing contacts of said second relay between the energizing winding of said first relay and said source to efiect de-energization of said first relay upon energization of said second relay means including contacts of both relay for disconnecting said load from said source in a first condition wherein said first relay is energized and said second relay is de-energized and in a second condition wherein said second relay is energized and said first relay, after being momentarily energized, is de-energized.
  • Apparatus for disconnecting an electrical load from a three phase voltage source subject to voltage variation when the voltage of said source varies beyond a predetermined amount comprising a first electromagnetic relay including an energizing winding and contacts actuated thereby, a second electromagnetic relay including an energizing winding and contacts actuated thereby, three single phase transformers whose primary windings are adapted to be star connected to the three phase voltage source and whose secondary windings are connected in series, means for coupling the energizing windings of both relays in parallel relation to the seriallyconnected secondary windings, the energizing winding of said first relay having a predetermined sensitivity at which this winding is energized upon occurrence of a relatively small variation in source voltage, the energizing winding of said second relay having a predetermined sensitivity at which this winding is energized upon occurrence of a relatively large variation in source voltage, means interposing contacts of said second relay between the energizing windings of said first relay and said

Landscapes

  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
US212144A 1950-03-21 1951-02-21 Supervisory device both for comparatively small and comparatively large voltage variations Expired - Lifetime US2601473A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL152434 1950-03-21

Publications (1)

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US2601473A true US2601473A (en) 1952-06-24

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US212144A Expired - Lifetime US2601473A (en) 1950-03-21 1951-02-21 Supervisory device both for comparatively small and comparatively large voltage variations

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US2601473A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE501992A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH289178A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE858716C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB678140A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL81111C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2914704A (en) * 1955-10-31 1959-11-24 Gilfillan Bros Inc Abnormal voltage protection circuit
US2951188A (en) * 1956-01-10 1960-08-30 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd High speed contacting device
US3001101A (en) * 1958-03-04 1961-09-19 English Electric Co Ltd Electrical protective relays
US3048746A (en) * 1958-03-04 1962-08-07 English Electric Co Ltd Electrical protective relays using double rectified bridge comparators
US3108205A (en) * 1958-05-02 1963-10-22 Burroughs Corp Voltage sensing control circuit
US3426274A (en) * 1964-11-19 1969-02-04 Western Reserve Electronics In Diode bridge protection circuits for electrical measuring instruments employing the diode forward drop threshold voltage

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1798687A (en) * 1925-09-03 1931-03-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Electric relay apparatus
US2462212A (en) * 1944-11-06 1949-02-22 Matthews W N Corp Protective switch
US2520792A (en) * 1948-11-17 1950-08-29 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Multirange overcurrent relay

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1798687A (en) * 1925-09-03 1931-03-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Electric relay apparatus
US2462212A (en) * 1944-11-06 1949-02-22 Matthews W N Corp Protective switch
US2520792A (en) * 1948-11-17 1950-08-29 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Multirange overcurrent relay

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2914704A (en) * 1955-10-31 1959-11-24 Gilfillan Bros Inc Abnormal voltage protection circuit
US2951188A (en) * 1956-01-10 1960-08-30 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd High speed contacting device
US3001101A (en) * 1958-03-04 1961-09-19 English Electric Co Ltd Electrical protective relays
US3048746A (en) * 1958-03-04 1962-08-07 English Electric Co Ltd Electrical protective relays using double rectified bridge comparators
US3108205A (en) * 1958-05-02 1963-10-22 Burroughs Corp Voltage sensing control circuit
US3426274A (en) * 1964-11-19 1969-02-04 Western Reserve Electronics In Diode bridge protection circuits for electrical measuring instruments employing the diode forward drop threshold voltage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE858716C (de) 1952-12-08
GB678140A (en) 1952-08-27
CH289178A (de) 1953-02-28
NL81111C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE501992A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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