US2599044A

US2599044A - Artificial denture and retainer therefor

Info

Publication number: US2599044A
Application number: US68949A
Authority: US
Inventors: John E Brennan
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1949-01-03
Filing date: 1949-01-03
Publication date: 1952-06-03
Anticipated expiration: 1969-06-03

Description

June 3, 1952 J BRENNAN 2,599,044

ARTIFICIAL DENTURE AND RETAINER THEREFOR Filed Jan. 3, 1949 2 SHEETS-SHEET l [lira/780w June 3, 1952 BRENNAN 2,599,044

ARTIFICIAL DENTURE AND RETAINER THEREFOR Filed Jan. 5, 1949 2 sHEETs-sx-1EET 2 F 55 I W jfaaar q 'bar and including portions acfoe UNITED STATES PATENT QFFLCE ARTIFI YGIAL DENTURE AND RETAINER "SH FDK Jeiin It li...ei ii iees Ii Apn gation January 3, 1 9, Serial 1519: 68,99?

This ent on relat t assassi is; re siii- Fise i w vsi ii l ak i F e iiei iis e ing artificial dentures in place. modified 1119f bar.

As is generally kno n .eriiiieisl .eieiiiiires as Fi ure 1 -1 is als a i w s milar o Fi me 4 are usually constructed comprise a um ponformand shqwing a still further modified form of par. s t n P ste a d sush de uses a e iv 5 i re is i e r s d esie i i ia 'e rely upon atmospheric pressure tor holding same nature and showing in particular the appl cain position. tion of the rhigs .to the gum, the ring pem While e den u es as are n enerally ee.n s e i esee e ei i e i e s estructed by the inclusion of suction plates, are Fi u e 6 tra verse edim g al Vi w 9 y when same denture and a portion-of the gum on a tanare properly fitted at the proper nd-ition of the tially enlarged scale, and showing i par s e r l i e it h s .Weve bee 9 9 e spring em t 's-ee e i with the e experienced with the dentures becoming loose tyre and as being opratwely'engaged w hthe and feilins emein ein sr s eiheidxeni e gems; et iwiii e i ieihe' n This is i e le ly se .es th iewer F u e a H me ess es vie of hede m e t e'ie t e p ima y ree nth i t i ie eni eiei seeilower gum is substantially less pronpu I Figure 8 is a yiew similar to Figure 1 showing the upper gum witlri the result that a lower suethe application of a second embqqi mehfgifthe iien Pleie hes s s eiii is i iile s tes eesiee n ii n- W with the gum. 4 Figure 9 is a fr nt edge iew of the duplex The present invention, Whil being applicable retaining ring in Figure 8. U to upper dentures, is particul 'rly' pt Fi ure 10 is a'view s'rnilar to Figure Sshoyving generally satisfactory, particu use with lower tu e W e i, sbe i s e eki the i n s i isse iis iiihee iix r do not usually h ld hei p sition eeg tel a Figll 11 is else 1?! i w simila i0 F351;}? do the upper dentures. g5 ili s-los ng t app ca ion o a sti l iu rther em,-

iien to provide a ratus e e ne'e ien with Fisilre i es s riew e? the gum and a denture, and which ep retgs ini g fFig iife eludes readily releasable means whereby theden- Figu e grt is an edge yiew gt a giodified ture is capable of being placed 'in fitted position so Pa on the gum and is also readily removable there} t p a o f i e ins i is re 9r F gur ac-e A further object of the invention to provide the denture securing means including an arched b'ar Figlil 1, ie im la 1 Figure 5 howing adapted to e e d o th sum by be 'e s?- 5 e 15 i99i ir l ein ns em-p ii pp.- ing and gum penetrating :Ineansland the denture 1 ,1 flq ihei'mi r t l being provided with clamps .engas'ee ie the Figure 15 is e fresmentsl v .wnar n.. .e 7' I 1 1 .161 drly Q Par ally i Pyf' 'iti QWiIQB .3 i fi 0f e denture f0 a e yrelea ns th'e'ens-a 419m i e e. n P is D w t ,il ylii pl mentof the clamps with the 4, g d ie ine i id a Q Plate 9f the Other objects and adv 1 ntages of the in b i 'eiissseei 9f th mp SQ Qns tion will become apparent with at XariaPle distances -f following detailed description, t ke f0 gum with retaining apparatus: embodiment of the invention, s r

Figure 2 is a side elevational yieyv e f bar retaining ring in open position fo insergtion v 1 1 5 5 11051; Swi 5 H and spring Glamp a portion of the gum. 9 W999??? he .dQlmllT and pre merablycorure 3 is a si ilar i s 1ow ng he ri -i i iii d ii Heste l e er the knobs n closed. e .M .n Y. t fiheibap.

Fi ure 4 is a f n g y w 9; the xeie n ss In the iil seiiei e theepnaretiis miepaatort' e eniureiin position, the be! v e areuate term; i positioned the embodiment of Figure bar included in the invention 'in go gg t ieremoyabiy Securing a 3 on the ridge of the gum G as is indicated in Figure 1.

Incisions are then made in the gum at the juncture of the mucous membrane and the gum tissue (Fig. 5) and the open rings l2 are then passed through such incisions, engaging as much gum tissue as possible but not penetrating the jaw bone (Figure 5). The rings are then closed around the bar which, in accordance with Figure 4, is provided with grooves l4 for receiving the rings. The rings when closed and engaged in the grooves I4 firmly retain the bar ID in position on the gum G.

At this point it is to be noted that the bar is 1 preferably of 14 gauge wire of gold, vitallium,

nobilium or any other stainless metal, and the rings are preferably formed from th sam materiaL Other means may be provided for interlocking therings with the bar; thus, accordin to Fig. ei-A, the bar may be provided with apertures I5 through which the rings are passed and according to Fig. 4-13 the bar is provided with opposed grooves I4 and loops IS, the rings seating in the grooves and the loops acting to retain the'rings in the grooves.

Other means may be resorted to'for interlocking the bar and rings, the only essential consideration being that the bar H) be rigidly anchored in position on the gum without resorting to penetration of the jaw bone.

The denture D is provided with suitable clamp-.

spectively which project through openings 23 and 24 in the tooth and have their free ends normally projecting'beyond the inner and outer faces of the tooth as is indicated in Fig. 6. The clamp sections further include jaws 25 and 26 which grip a knob l I under the influence of a coil spring 21 encircling the pintle' l9 and having arms 28 (only one shown) engaging the arms 2| and 22.

7 To release the clamp, it is necessary only to press the arms 2| and 22 inwardly against the action of spring 21 whereby the denture may be readily removed from the gum.

The apparatus, according to the first embodiment of the inventiomas previously described, is

particularly applicable to gums which have become fully healed.

A second embodiment of the invention, particularly adapted for use where the'teeth have all been extracted, is illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and 10 and wherein the retaining bar is of dual form,

including an upper bar 30' to which the knobs 3| are rigidly secured, and a lower bar 30", the bars being preferably of a single strand in fiat loop form and the

bars

30 and 30" are preferably interconnected by short vertical bars 30 In the application of this modified form of bar, the lower bar 30 is imbedded in the gum G and the upper bar 30' rests on the gum as in the first embodiment of the invention. The bar 38" is preferably positioned after making a proper incision in the gum and the bar is secured in position by means of stitches S (Fig. 10) r The third embodiment of the invention is disclosed in Figs. 11 to 13 and wherein the retain- 4 ing bar 32 is provided with clamp engageable knobs 33 and is also provided with substantially larger gum penetrating knobs 34.

In the application of this embodiment of the invention, the bar 32 rests on the gum G and the knobs 34 are disposed within the gum preferably through incision therein, after which the knobs 34 are secured in the gum by stitching S (Fig. 13).

A modified form of clamp is shown in Fig. 14 as being operatively associated with a front tooth T and wherein the tooth is provided with an internal chamber 35 communicating with an opening 36 in the inside wall of the tooth. The clamp 31 includes a stationary section 38 and a movable section 39 having a pivotal connection 40, with the stationary section. The movable section 39 ,includes an angular arm 4| extending through and protruding from the opening 36 and a spring 42 engaged with arm 4| retains the lower ends of the clamp sections in engagement with the knobs ll.

This form of clamp is visible and operable only from the inner side of the tooth and such form may be used with a denture D as shown in Fig. '7. The bars as disclosed in Figs. 4, 4-A and 4-15 provide for application of dentures to suit different conditions. Thus, if the distance between the upper and lower jaws is relatively short, the rings 12 would be passed through openings I5 and in some instances the knobs ll would be eliminated and the clamps engaged directly with the bar.

A modified embodiment of the invention is disclosed in Figure 15 wherein the bar H! is provided with cylindrical members! I in lieu of the knobs I I and the cylindrical members are provided with a plurality of circular grooves Il at different spaced distances from the bar.

This construction is particularly adaptable to suit variable spacing between upper and lower jaws since the clamp sections I1 and? can be engaged with any one of the grooves to suit any particular condition of jaw spacing.

From the above, it should beappreciated that the present invention provides relatively simple apparatus for firmly retaining dentures in position and that such apparatus includes readily releasable means whereby the denture may be readily removed.

While I have shown the preferred embodiment of my invention, it is to be understood that various changes in the size, shape and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of theinvention and the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention in accordance with a preferred structural embodiment thereof, what I claim and desire to secure by U. S. Letters Patent is: 7

1. The combination with a denture, of means for retaining the denture in firm engagement with a gum, comprising an arcuate bar, means directly engageable with the gum for securing the bar thereto, and clamp means pivotally supported in the denture in a position to releasably engage said bar.

2. The structure according to claim 1, wherein said bar is provided with an integralknob releasably engageable by said clamp means.

3. The structure according to claim 1, wherein said bar is provided with a plurality of grooves, and rings adapted to extend through .thegum and seat in said grooves. w o V 4. The structure according to claim 1, wherein said bar is provided with a plurality of apertures. and rings adapted to extend through the gum and said apertures.

5. The structure according to claim 1, wherein said bar is provided with a plurality of grooves and loops opposite the grooves, and rings adapted to extend through the gum and seat in said grooves with said loops engaging said rings to hold same in said grooves.

6. The structure according to claim 1, wherein said clamp means comprises a pair of sections disposed within a chamber in the denture and pivotally connected by a pintle anchored in a tooth included in the denture, each section having an arm projecting outwardly through an opening in the tooth, and a coil spring encircling the pintle and having opposed ends resting on the arms for normally retaining the clamp sections in engagement with the bar.

7. The combination with a denture, of means for retaining the denture in firm engagement with a gum, comprising an arcuate bar for resting on the gum, means for securing the bar directly to the gum, and clamp means for pivotal support in the denture and releasably engageable with the bar.

8. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said securing means comprises rings engageable with the gum and said bar.

9. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said securing means comprises a second bar parallel with and spaced from the first bar and being engageable within the gum.

10. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said securing means comprises knobs on the bar for engagement within the gum.

11. Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein said bar is provided with a knob engageable by said clamp means.

12. Apparatus according to claim 7 wherein said clamp means comprises a pair of relatively movable jaws, spring means for normally urging the jaws into clamping engagement with the bar, and one of said jaws having an arm projecting through the inner wall of said denture for release of the jaws from clamping engagement with the bar.

13. Apparatus according to claim '7, wherein said bar is provided with a cylindrical member having a plurality of circular grooves spaced axially thereof, said grooves being selectably engageable by said clamp means.

14. The combination with a denture, of means for retaining the denture in firm position on a gum, comprising an arcuate bar for support on the gum, means cooperating with the bar for engagement with the gum tissue for securing the bar in position on the gum, clamp engageable means on the bar, and a spring clamp pivotally supported within the denture for releasably engaging said clamp engageable means for removably retaining the denture in an operative position on the gum.

' JOHN E. BRENNAN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,140,537 Skinner May 25, 1915 1,140,538 Skinner May 25, 1915 2,112,007 Adams Mar. 22, 1938 2,374,422 Dahl Apr. 24, 1945