US2594872A - Stabilization of halogenated hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Stabilization of halogenated hydrocarbons Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2594872A
US2594872A US601676A US60167645A US2594872A US 2594872 A US2594872 A US 2594872A US 601676 A US601676 A US 601676A US 60167645 A US60167645 A US 60167645A US 2594872 A US2594872 A US 2594872A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
aluminum
dielectric
liquid
compound
resistivity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US601676A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Frank M Clark
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US601676A priority Critical patent/US2594872A/en
Priority to BE468719D priority patent/BE468719A/fr
Priority to BE483471D priority patent/BE483471A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2594872A publication Critical patent/US2594872A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/20—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils
    • H01B3/24—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances liquids, e.g. oils containing halogen in the molecules, e.g. halogenated oils

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electrical devices, as, for example, transformers, capacitors, regulators, bushings, and the like, which contain liquid halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons as insulating and dielectric media.
  • Insulating and dielectric compositions comprising halogenated aromatic compounds have many desirable properties. They are stable chemically under ordinary operating conditions. However, experience has shown that such compounds, and particularly the halogenated mononuclear compounds, are subject to some deterioration during use in electrical devices. Deterioration becomes evident by decrease of resistivity at elevated temperatures, say at 100 C. and upward. It is the object of my present invention to decrease or entirely avoid such deterioration.
  • oxygenous compound I mean to include only inorganic compound of the oxide and hydroxide type.
  • My invention comprises halogenated aryl hydrocarbon in combination with oxide, hydroxide, or other suitable oxygenous aluminum compound, including corundum, gibbsite, diaspore and bauxite; my invention includes also electrical devices containing such combination in operative relation to cooperating electrical conductors charged with different potentials.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a transformer provided with a foraminous receptacle containing a quantity of stabilizer
  • Fig. 2 shows a modified structure in which the stabilizer is placed in a tubular side chamber
  • Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate capacitors embodying my invention.
  • a transformer comprising a core I and electrical windings 2, contained in a tank 3 and provided with external terminals 4, 5, as usual.
  • the tank also contains a quantity 6 of insulatin liquid consisting wholly or in part of aromatic halogenated hydrocarbon.
  • a foraminous receptacle 3 Suspended from the tank cover 1 is a foraminous receptacle 3 consisting of wire mesh, spun glass, cellulosio fabric, or other suitable material, and containing a quantity of suitable oxygenous compound of aluminum which functions as a stabilizer by its contact with the halogenated hydrocarbon.
  • the oxygenous aluminum compound is contained in the tubular side chamber 9 which is in communication at both ends with the main tank.
  • a slow circulation of the halogenated hydrocarbon liquid 6 occurs through the chamber 9 where the circulating liquid comes into contact with the aluminum compound.
  • halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon liquid Approximately one-fourth pound of aluminum oxide, bauxite, or the like, is provided per gallon of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon liquid. This amount of stabilizer (about 2 per cent by weight) is illustrative but not critical. Greater and lesser amounts have been found to be of practical utility.
  • a selected aluminum compound may be heated to a temperature in the range of about 350 to 500 C. in order to remove all moisture and to produce a substantially dry solid.
  • the aluminum compound preferably should be of a size retained by about 8 to 16 mesh. This size is not critical as material of 30 to mesh has been found to be of practical utility.
  • special precautions are necessary to insure liquid flow over or through the stabilizer without the material being taken up in liquid suspension.
  • the oxygenous aluminum compound is pressed into porous plates or cylinders through which the liquid flows. Rods which are hung in the liquid to obtain intimate contact may be used. Intimate contact between the stabilizer and the halogenated aromatic compound is an important requisite.
  • the following example illustrates the efficiency of a retarder comprising an oxygenous aluminum in transformers containing trichlorbenzene as the cooling and dielectric medium.
  • Commercial five kilowatt transformers (which will be referred to as the first set) were dried in the usual manner and then filled with trichlorbenzene.
  • the resistivity of the trichlorbenzene decreased rapidly.
  • the resistivity was 30 10 ohms-centimeter at 100 C.
  • the dielectric strength was 40 kilovolts when tested at 25 C. using the method D-11'7 of the American Society for Testing Materials.
  • the dielectric loss of the transformers of this first set averaged about two watts immediately after filling with trichlorbenzene. After one months operation at normal voltage, and under restricted. conditions of heat dissipation resulting in a liquid temperature of 80 C., the dielectric loss had risen to 15 watts.
  • the transformers of this first set when operated under the described conditions, continued to rise in dielectric loss with continued operation and reached dielectric losses as high as 30 watts. The transformers of this set failed in approximately six months.
  • Trichlorbenzene only x10 Trichlorbenzene with aluminum oxide- 3950 10 In the presence of aluminum hydroxide, the resistivity of trichlorbenzene is increased.
  • Trichlorbenzene only 4.4X10 Trichlorbenzene with aluminum oxide 965x 10 entachlor ifi fi diphenyl with E aluminum hydroxide Original resistivity tested at 100 C 6, 300x10 6, 300Xl0 Tested after 1 week aging at 100 0.... 3,140 10, 200X10 Tested after 2 weeks aging at 100 C. 1,180 23, 500x10 Trichlor-
  • my invention is applicable to mixtures of halogenated polynuclear and mononuclear hydrocarbons functioning as insulating or dielectric media.
  • Such a liquid composition may consist, for example, of a solution of per cent chlordiphenyl (chlorinated to contain 60 per cent chlorine) and 40 per cent trichlorbenzene.
  • the resistivity falls to approximately 450x10 ohms-centimeter when measured at 100 C. In'the presence of the resin-bonded, paper-laminated paper, the resistivity falls to approximately 60 1G ohms-centimeter. When, however, such a composition is in contact with aluminum oxide, the resistivity is maintained at a high value.
  • the resistivities obtained are approximately 3500x10 and 2000 10 ohmscentimeter respectively.
  • a composition used for the impregnation of capacitors consists by Weight of about parts of pentachlor and 25 parts of trichlorbenzene.
  • the composition may contain about .5 per cent anthraquinone or one per cent monochlor anthraquinone, or one per cent of dichlor anthraqui-
  • the resistivity drops from an initial value of about 2670 10 ohms centimeter to about 212x10 ohms-centimeter.
  • AHOHM aluminum hydroxide
  • the resistivity actually increases under the same conditions to 3690x10 ohms-centimeter. It is particularly desirable to maintain the resistivity of capacitors for the direct current field as high as possible.
  • the oxygenous compound of aluminum such as aluminum oxide or hydroxide
  • the material should be finely divided, preferably 30-60 mesh. I have found it desirable to pack the -material as with a vibrator. Because of its excellent heat conductivity, the presence of the oxygenous aluminum compound does not adversely affect the heat dissipation characteristics of the capacitor.
  • Fig. 4 shows in cross-section a capacitor in which the capacitor rolls 10, H are contained in a casing l2.
  • the dielectric paper spacer between the armatures is loaded with the finely divided oxygenous aluminum compound during the manufacture of the paper.
  • the aluminum compound thus acts as a filler in the paper.
  • Fig. 3 shows a capacitor assembly partly unrolled, the paper spacers charged with oxygenous compound of aluminum being indicated at l4, [5.
  • the terminals I6, I? make contact with the armatures l8, l9. With either mode of application, I have found that the desired stabilization of the halogenated impregnant is obtained.
  • chlorinated benzene and polyphenyl may be associated advantageously in an electric device with an oxygen compound of aluminum.
  • alkyl derivatives include the methyl, ethyl, propyl benzenes, dimethyl benzene, methyl-ethyl benzene, and the like.
  • An insulating and dielectric composition comprising, in combination, liquid halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon and a change of a compound selected from the class consisting of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum oxid sufficient in amount to prevent decrease of resistivity of said composition.
  • An insulating and dielectric composition comprising in combination liquid chlorinated mononuclear hydrocarbon and a sufficient quantity of a compound selected from the class consisting of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum oxide to prevent substantial rise of power factor.
  • An insulating medium consisting of trichlorbenzene and an effective quantity of a compound selected from the class consisting of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum oxide in contact therewith, to prevent material decrease of electrical conductivity at elevated temperature.
  • An insulating and cooling composition consisting of a liquid mixture of trichlorbenzene and chlorinated diphenyl and about two per cent by weight of aluminum oxide in contact with said mixture.
  • An electric device including in combination cooperating conductors normally charged with different potentials, insulating means therefor consisting of liquid halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon and a sufiicient quantity of a compound selected from the class consisting of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum oxide in contact with said halogenated hydrocarbon to prevent decrease of resistivity of said hydrocarbon.
  • An electric capacitor including the combination of cooperating armatures a dielectric medium therehetween consisting of liquid chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon and a quantity of a compound selected from the class consisting of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum oxide in contact with said chlorinated hydrocarbon.
  • An electric capacitor comprising the combination of a container, capacitor elements disposed therein and comprising cooperating armatures, a dielectric paper spacer between said armatures and a dielectric impregnant consisting of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon and a quantity of a compound selected from the class consisting of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum oxide in said container in contact with said hydrocarbon.
  • An electric capacitor comprising the combination or" a container, capacitor elements disposed therein and comprising cooperating armatures, a dielectric paper spacer between said armatures and a dielectric impregnant consisting of a liquid chlorinated benzene compound and a quantity of a compound selected from the class consisting of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum oxide in said container in contact with said benzene compound.
  • An electric capacitor comprising the combination of a container, capacitor elements disposed therein and comprising cooperating armatures, a dielectric paper spacer between said armatures and a dielectric impregnant consisting of a. liquid chlorinated diphenyl compound and a quantity of aluminum oxide in said container in contact with said diphenyl compound.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
US601676A 1945-06-26 1945-06-26 Stabilization of halogenated hydrocarbons Expired - Lifetime US2594872A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US601676A US2594872A (en) 1945-06-26 1945-06-26 Stabilization of halogenated hydrocarbons
BE468719D BE468719A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1945-06-26 1946-10-24
BE483471D BE483471A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1945-06-26 1948-06-25

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US601676A US2594872A (en) 1945-06-26 1945-06-26 Stabilization of halogenated hydrocarbons

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2594872A true US2594872A (en) 1952-04-29

Family

ID=24408356

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US601676A Expired - Lifetime US2594872A (en) 1945-06-26 1945-06-26 Stabilization of halogenated hydrocarbons

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2594872A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE468719A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3214658A (en) * 1962-12-03 1965-10-26 Ohio Brass Co Capacitor including aluminum silicate scavenger
US3780206A (en) * 1971-11-26 1973-12-18 British Insulated Callenders Electric cables

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1927112A (en) * 1932-04-07 1933-09-19 Howard W Cole Container for collapsible tubes
US1966163A (en) * 1932-09-29 1934-07-10 Gen Electric Electric device and dielectric material therefor
US1994302A (en) * 1933-10-18 1935-03-12 Gen Electric Refining process
US1994911A (en) * 1933-02-15 1935-03-19 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Corrosion-resisting product
US2019339A (en) * 1934-09-29 1935-10-29 Gen Electric Snuffer composition
US2036274A (en) * 1934-11-27 1936-04-07 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Insulating liquid
US2077429A (en) * 1937-04-20 G f mcmahon
US2111414A (en) * 1936-12-04 1938-03-15 Gen Electric Electrical insulating composition
GB545500A (en) * 1940-09-27 1942-05-29 Donald Whittaker Improvements in or relating to halogenated polythenes
US2286744A (en) * 1935-11-20 1942-06-16 Leatherman Martin Process of fireproofing
US2391686A (en) * 1938-08-31 1945-12-25 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electrical condenser and dielectric element

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2077429A (en) * 1937-04-20 G f mcmahon
US1927112A (en) * 1932-04-07 1933-09-19 Howard W Cole Container for collapsible tubes
US1966163A (en) * 1932-09-29 1934-07-10 Gen Electric Electric device and dielectric material therefor
US1994911A (en) * 1933-02-15 1935-03-19 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Corrosion-resisting product
US1994302A (en) * 1933-10-18 1935-03-12 Gen Electric Refining process
US2019339A (en) * 1934-09-29 1935-10-29 Gen Electric Snuffer composition
US2036274A (en) * 1934-11-27 1936-04-07 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Insulating liquid
US2286744A (en) * 1935-11-20 1942-06-16 Leatherman Martin Process of fireproofing
US2111414A (en) * 1936-12-04 1938-03-15 Gen Electric Electrical insulating composition
US2391686A (en) * 1938-08-31 1945-12-25 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electrical condenser and dielectric element
GB545500A (en) * 1940-09-27 1942-05-29 Donald Whittaker Improvements in or relating to halogenated polythenes

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3214658A (en) * 1962-12-03 1965-10-26 Ohio Brass Co Capacitor including aluminum silicate scavenger
US3780206A (en) * 1971-11-26 1973-12-18 British Insulated Callenders Electric cables

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE468719A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1946-11-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA1093294A (en) Capacitor
US2722561A (en) Heat stabilizing of cellulosic insulation in electrical apparatus
US4744000A (en) Electrical capacitor having improved dielectric system
US2566208A (en) Dielectric composition of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon and organic antimony compound as a corrosion inhibitor
US2468544A (en) Stabilized halogenated compositions and electrical devices
US2594872A (en) Stabilization of halogenated hydrocarbons
US2377630A (en) Stabilized dielectric composition
US1931455A (en) Dielectric materials for electrical devices
US2572808A (en) Dielectric with n, n'-1-3 dimorpholino isopropanol as scavenger
US3075040A (en) Method for improving the electric strength and flash-over or glowdischarge resistance of olefine polymers
US1931373A (en) Dielectric material fob electrical
US3163705A (en) Oil insulated impregnant for high voltage electrical apparatus
US3108153A (en) High voltage electrical insulation including gassing inhibitor
US3413404A (en) Electrical apparatus and dielectric material therefor
US2627504A (en) Dielectric containing halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon and mono ortho tolyl biguanide as corrosion inhibitor
US2594873A (en) Electrical capacitor containing a stabilizer
US2636074A (en) Stabilized halogenated dielectric material
US2623096A (en) Electrical capacitor
US1989046A (en) Electrical condenser
US2957938A (en) Electrical apparatus and dielectric material therefor
US2473242A (en) Heat-resisting capacitor
US2900345A (en) Dielectric composition containing a phenoxypropionitrile
US2617770A (en) Compositions of matter comprising halogenated organic compounds
US3025440A (en) Electrical device and dielectric material therefor
US2886625A (en) Octafluorocyclobutane as a dielectric material