US2594749A - Mechanical vibration system - Google Patents

Mechanical vibration system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2594749A
US2594749A US634040A US63404045A US2594749A US 2594749 A US2594749 A US 2594749A US 634040 A US634040 A US 634040A US 63404045 A US63404045 A US 63404045A US 2594749 A US2594749 A US 2594749A
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United States
Prior art keywords
base
prongs
vibratory
tuning fork
symmetry
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US634040A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ehrat Kurt
Milliquet Vladimir
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Patelhold Patenverwertungs and Elektro-Holding AG
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Patelhold Patenverwertungs and Elektro-Holding AG
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/30—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element being electromechanical resonator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
    • H03H9/24—Constructional features of resonators of material which is not piezoelectric, electrostrictive, or magnetostrictive
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H9/00—Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices; Electromechanical resonators
    • H03H9/46—Filters
    • H03H9/48—Coupling means therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to mechanical vibration systems and it has particular relation to systems in which the vibrations are electrically maintained.
  • Tuning forks or devices similar to tuning forks are used advantageously as frequency determining elements for the production of electrical oscillations in accordance with the feed back principle.
  • These devices known as tuning fork generators, possess a high degree of frequency constancy when they operate at a constant temperature and when any additional damping infiuence is avoided. Additional damping, that is by air friction and sound radiation, can be avoided by placing the vibration system in an evacuated casing.
  • Damping of appreciable magnitude also arises from the diversion of vibration energy through the base on which the tuning fork is mounted.
  • the diversion of energy in this way may attain a particularly high degree which may cause a substantial variation in the frequency of the oscillations generated in the circuit controlled by the tuning fork.
  • Another disadvantage of the transfer of the vibrations to the supporting base is that the mass and elasticity of the base have an effect upon the oscillation frequency which may cause an undesirable shift in the frequency.
  • the present invention makes possible such a construction of a tuning fork generator having a plurality of pairs of vibratory prongs symmetrically arranged and electromagnetically driven in such manner that the stresses at the base ends of the prongs are self-compensating about the axes of symmetry, whereby the tuning fork assembly may be rigidly secured to a base by fasteners located on an axis of symmetry without diverting any significant amount of energy to the base.
  • the tuning fork generator having a plurality of pairs of vibratory prongs symmetrically arranged and electromagnetically driven in such manner that the stresses at the base ends of the prongs are self-compensating about the axes of symmetry, whereby the tuning fork assembly may be rigidly secured to a base by fasteners located on an axis of symmetry without diverting any significant amount of energy to the base.
  • the invention thus relates to a mechanical vibration system which is caused to oscillate or vibrate by electrical energy and which is characterized by a vibratory member having a point or points which are not subjected to translatory or rotary stresses, the vibrating system being rigidly fixed to a base at those :points.
  • the excitation of the vibrating system may then be carried out in conventional manner by means of electrical or magnetic elements which are mounted on the base of the device.
  • the objects of the invention are: to provide for mounting a vibratory system or tuning fork in such manenr that the vibrations thereof are not transmitted to the base; and to so mount a vibratory system on a base that the frequency of oscillation remains substantially constant and independent of the characteristics of the base.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical vibrating system embodying the invention
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing, in ex aggerated form, the vibratory movement of the tuning fork.
  • Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic illustration of another embodiment of the invention.
  • the vibratory system of Fig. 1 comprises a multiple pronged tuning fork l of l-l-shape which is symmetrical about a longitudinal axis L and a transverse axis T.
  • the tuning fork l is mounted upon a base 2 by screws or rivets 3 which pass through mounting holes 4 located along the longitudinal axis L of the tuning fork.
  • the surface of the base is shaped or a spacer, not shown, is provided in known manner to leave a clearance between the prongs of the vibratory member and the base.
  • the four prongs of the vibratory member I are caused to vibrate by driving coils 5 on cores 6 which are located between the opposed prongs of each pair, the coils being energized with alternating current developed by an electronic tube 1.
  • the feed back or control potential of the tube 1 is generated in the exciting coils 8 on cores 9 positioned adjacent and outside the ends of the respective prongs of the vibratory system.
  • the driving coils 5 are in series with the energizing potential source, shown diagrammatically as a battery I 0, in the plate circuit of the tube, and the several coils 8 are connected in series with the grid biasing source II which is also shown diagrammatically as a battery.
  • the energy output from the frequency-stabilized oscillator tube 1 may be through a transformer 12 having a primary winding in the plate circuit of the tube.
  • the driving coils 5 and exciting coils 8 are so connected in circuit with the tube i that the prongs of the double-ended tuning fork I Vibrate symmetricallywith respect to the longitudinal axis L.
  • the flexing of the prongs of the vibratory member I is illustrated to an exaggerated scale in Figs. 2 and 3. It will be 'noted that the point of symmetry M, at the intersection of the longitudinal and transverse axes L, T, does not move during the vibration of the several prongs, and a consideration of the flexing of the prongs as they move between the alternate end positions of Figs. 2 and 3 will show that all points along the longitudinal and transverse axes are free from translatory and rotary forces.
  • the vibratory system I is secured to the base 2 by screws or rivets that pass through mounting holes 4 on the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the vibratory system.
  • the portion of the system adjacent the mounting holes does not move and is not subjected to stresses tending to cause movement, and therefore the mounting screws or rivets 3 are not stressed and do not tend to transfer stresses to the base 2.
  • the vibratory system does not transfer energy to the base 2 and is not damped by the base 2.
  • points located on or adjacent either axis of symmetry are sufficiently free from translatory or rotary movements or stresses to serve as mounting points.
  • the natural frequency of vibration and damping of the system can be regulated by varying the width k of the transverse bridge between the longitudinally alined pairs of prongs, for example by saw cuts 13 at the base of the prongs.
  • FIG. 4 Other forms of multiple prong vibratory systems that have an unstressed point of symmetry M may be used, for example a system as shown schematically in Fig. 4 comprising four prongs l' which are angularly spaced by 90. The several prongs are vibrated between end positions a, b as shown in broken lines by driving coils, not shown.
  • the point of symmetry M is vibrationfree and is suitable as a location for mounting the fork on the base plate.
  • additional 4 points near M can be considered as being substantially vibration free, particularly points located on the angle bi-sectors m and n.
  • the mechanical vibration system disclosed herein also can be used advantageously for the construction of electro-mechanical filters.
  • a tuning fork generator comprising a vibratory member having a series of four prongs symmetrically disposed with respect to a point thereof, a supporting base, electromagnetic means on said base for setting adjacent prongs of said vibratory member into vibration towards and away from each other, whereby the stresses imposed upon said point of symmetry of the vibratory member by the flexing of alternatively arranged prongs neutralize each other and said point of symmetry is not subject to translatory and rotary stresses, and means extending at least approximately through said point of the vibratory member rigidly securing said vibratory member to said base.
  • a tuning fork generator comprising a multiple prong vibratory member having a pair of axes of symmetry at right angles to each other, a supporting base, electromagnetic means on said base for setting adjacent prongs of said vibratory member into vibration towards and away from each other, and means extending substantially through an axis of symmetry rigidly securing said member to said base.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Piezo-Electric Or Mechanical Vibrators, Or Delay Or Filter Circuits (AREA)
  • Jigging Conveyors (AREA)
US634040A 1944-12-13 1945-12-10 Mechanical vibration system Expired - Lifetime US2594749A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH602145X 1944-12-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2594749A true US2594749A (en) 1952-04-29

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ID=4522814

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US634040A Expired - Lifetime US2594749A (en) 1944-12-13 1945-12-10 Mechanical vibration system

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US (1) US2594749A (de)
CH (1) CH243725A (de)
GB (1) GB602145A (de)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2753173A (en) * 1952-09-17 1956-07-03 Sperry Rand Corp Turn rate measuring instrument
US2786941A (en) * 1952-01-29 1957-03-26 Matthias Hohner Ag Oscillating circuit for audio frequency generators
US2852725A (en) * 1954-11-05 1958-09-16 Clifford Cecil Frank Electrically-maintained vibratory oscillator
US2939971A (en) * 1956-10-22 1960-06-07 Gyrex Corp Mechanical vibratory unit
US3011111A (en) * 1961-11-28 Electro-mechanical oscillators
US3127775A (en) * 1960-10-28 1964-04-07 Gyrex Corp Vibratory rate gyroscope
US3150337A (en) * 1961-02-27 1964-09-22 Armec Corp Electro-mechanical resonant device
US3349305A (en) * 1963-06-12 1967-10-24 Hatot Leon Ets Electromechanical oscillators
US3463948A (en) * 1965-08-12 1969-08-26 Movado Und Manufacture Des Mon Device for stabilising the oscillation frequency of a mechanical oscillator for time keeping instrument
US3491258A (en) * 1967-02-03 1970-01-20 Kienzle Uhrenfabriken Gmbh Oscillatory system with two turning mass bodies
US3501655A (en) * 1967-02-03 1970-03-17 Kienzle Uhrenfabriken Gmbh Speed controlled clock motor
US3515914A (en) * 1966-09-26 1970-06-02 Straumann Inst Ag Mechanical oscillator including a torsion bar
US3917966A (en) * 1969-01-23 1975-11-04 Hattori Tokeiten Kk Vibrator
US4162876A (en) * 1976-01-28 1979-07-31 Erwin Kolfertz Electromagnetically driven diaphragm pump

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1781513A (en) * 1928-05-15 1930-11-11 Ets Edouard Belin Electrical tuning fork
US1838502A (en) * 1930-10-30 1931-12-29 J C Deagan Inc Vibrant bar for musical instruments
US1882395A (en) * 1927-12-31 1932-10-11 George W Pierce Frequency indicator
US1909414A (en) * 1928-06-16 1933-05-16 American Telephone & Telegraph Tuning fork generator
US1912343A (en) * 1932-01-23 1933-05-30 Western Union Telegraph Co Tuning fork temperature compensation and frequency adjustment
US2008263A (en) * 1931-11-11 1935-07-16 Rca Corp Frequency control means
US2175237A (en) * 1935-07-02 1939-10-10 James Van Fleet Vibratory electric motor
US2247960A (en) * 1939-07-07 1941-07-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Tuning fork
US2259131A (en) * 1939-05-05 1941-10-14 Gen Electric Vibrator

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1882395A (en) * 1927-12-31 1932-10-11 George W Pierce Frequency indicator
US1781513A (en) * 1928-05-15 1930-11-11 Ets Edouard Belin Electrical tuning fork
US1909414A (en) * 1928-06-16 1933-05-16 American Telephone & Telegraph Tuning fork generator
US1838502A (en) * 1930-10-30 1931-12-29 J C Deagan Inc Vibrant bar for musical instruments
US2008263A (en) * 1931-11-11 1935-07-16 Rca Corp Frequency control means
US1912343A (en) * 1932-01-23 1933-05-30 Western Union Telegraph Co Tuning fork temperature compensation and frequency adjustment
US2175237A (en) * 1935-07-02 1939-10-10 James Van Fleet Vibratory electric motor
US2259131A (en) * 1939-05-05 1941-10-14 Gen Electric Vibrator
US2247960A (en) * 1939-07-07 1941-07-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Tuning fork

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3011111A (en) * 1961-11-28 Electro-mechanical oscillators
US2786941A (en) * 1952-01-29 1957-03-26 Matthias Hohner Ag Oscillating circuit for audio frequency generators
US2753173A (en) * 1952-09-17 1956-07-03 Sperry Rand Corp Turn rate measuring instrument
US2852725A (en) * 1954-11-05 1958-09-16 Clifford Cecil Frank Electrically-maintained vibratory oscillator
US2939971A (en) * 1956-10-22 1960-06-07 Gyrex Corp Mechanical vibratory unit
US3127775A (en) * 1960-10-28 1964-04-07 Gyrex Corp Vibratory rate gyroscope
US3150337A (en) * 1961-02-27 1964-09-22 Armec Corp Electro-mechanical resonant device
US3349305A (en) * 1963-06-12 1967-10-24 Hatot Leon Ets Electromechanical oscillators
US3463948A (en) * 1965-08-12 1969-08-26 Movado Und Manufacture Des Mon Device for stabilising the oscillation frequency of a mechanical oscillator for time keeping instrument
US3515914A (en) * 1966-09-26 1970-06-02 Straumann Inst Ag Mechanical oscillator including a torsion bar
US3491258A (en) * 1967-02-03 1970-01-20 Kienzle Uhrenfabriken Gmbh Oscillatory system with two turning mass bodies
US3501655A (en) * 1967-02-03 1970-03-17 Kienzle Uhrenfabriken Gmbh Speed controlled clock motor
US3917966A (en) * 1969-01-23 1975-11-04 Hattori Tokeiten Kk Vibrator
US4162876A (en) * 1976-01-28 1979-07-31 Erwin Kolfertz Electromagnetically driven diaphragm pump

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH243725A (de) 1946-07-31
GB602145A (en) 1948-05-20

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