US2589972A - Weaving shuttle construction - Google Patents

Description

H. SLOWAK 2,589,972 WEAVING SHUTTLE CONSTRUCTION March 18, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 QFIG.| R

Filed July 1, 1948 ATTOR N EY March 18, 1952 H. SLOWAK 2,589,972

WEAVING SHUTTLE CONSTRUCTION Filed July 1, 194a 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 2

HERMANN SLOWAK,

ATTORN EY March 18, 1952 s ow 2,589,972

WEAVING SHUTTLE CONSTRUCTION Filed July 1, 1948 5 Sheeits-Sheet 3 U 'R S O IO IO FIG. 6- E. l3 r W v M S HERMANN SLOWAK ATTOR N EY March 18, 1952 I H. SLOWAK 2,589,972.

WEAVING SHUTTLE CONSTRUCTION Fild July 1, 194a 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 I I W K W HERMANN SLOWAK,-

M [WI/M ATTORNEY March 18, 1952 H. SLOWAK 2,539,972

WEAVING SHUTTLE CONSTRUCTION I Filed July 1, 194a s Sheets-Sheet 5 3! n I. M Inventor:

as? HERMANN SLQWAK,

ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 18, 1952 UNITED- STATES PATENT OFFICE Application July 1, 1948, Serial No. 35,523 In Switzerland July 12, 1947 3 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements in circular weaving looms of the so-called disk jects of the invention will hereinafter appear.

A characteristic feature of the circular weaving looms wherein the shuttle, or a plurality of shuttles, according to the present invention are employed, is their essentially diskor platelike construction. They are therefore designated weaving disks or plates. In this disk-like type of circular loom, the warp: threads extend in such manner that they are arranged like the radii of a circular ring, at the outer edge of which are disposed the bobbins which take the place of the warp beam, while the inner circle edge defines the locus at which the threads are bound to the fabno. the radial direction, the fabric, which forms a tube, is withdrawn from this point downwardly, that is, in a direction essentially perpendicular to the initial direction of movement.

'The following description and accompanying drawings are directed primarily to the shuttles according to the invention, and the mechanism for their operation and guidance. Only that portion of the loom itself is disclosed, on which the said guiding and operating mechanism is dis- 'posed.

' Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary central vertical section through the weaving disk or plate of a circular weaving loom according to the invention;

Fig. 1a is a fragmentary top plan view corresponding to Fig. 1;

Fig/lb is a corresponding bottom plan view;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary elevational view showing a guide roller of the outer series, with a prong-shaped cover plate therebehind;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary elevational view showing a guide roller of the inner series, with a prong-shaped cover plate in front thereof;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary elevational view showing a guide roller of the outer series, with a widened cover plate therebehind;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary elevational view showing a driving gear according to the invention;

Fig. 6 is a partial radial sectional view through As the warp threads are moved thereto in the weaving disk or plate, taken along line VIVI of Fig. 7, with inserted carriage;

Fig. 7 shows a portion of the weaving plate or disk in top plan view;

Fig. 8 is a side view of a carriage according to the invention;

Fig. 8a is a top view corresponding to Fig. 8;

Fig. 8b shows the said carriage in section along line VIIIb-Vl'lib of Fig. 80.;

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic showing of the weaving plate or disk with the shuttle and warp thread;

Fig. 10 shows diagrammatically the shuttle of Fig. 9 from the side, looking toward the center, within the sheds. (Section through the warp thread layer, and projection of the section, the cover plates and the shuttle onto a cylinder which is rolled out onto the plane of the drawing.)

The supporting member of the loom of the invention is, as aforeindicated, an annular plate or disk P, at. the central opening, of whichthere depends a cylindrical sleeve Q (Fig. l) supported on the frame of the machine.

The path of movement of the shuttle according to the invention is defined by two circular series of guide rollers M and N which are disposed in a single plane, i. e. are in alinement with each other. The rollers of the outer series M are shown in Figs. 2 and 4, those of the inner series N are shown in Fig. 3, in detached views; The assembled arrangement is to be seen from la and 7. The rollers M and N are as shown, each provided with a groove, by the walls of which are carriage runners W are retained. The rollers rotate about pins Iii mounted on the attaching plates B and C (Fig. 7) and, by means of these, are secured to the disk or plate P by pairs in such manner that they are disposed in two concentric circles, as shown.

The carriage S is the part of the shuttle whereby the latter is guided and driven. It is shown, more particularly, in Figs. 8, 8a and 8b. The carriage is constituted by a fiat metal body D, shaped like a ring sector, provided with overlappinglongitudinal edges. Extension pieces V, attached to the front and rear thereof, and configured as shown in Figs. 8 and Sm'impart a streamlined configuration thereto, which permits unobstructed passage through the shed. The mannerv in which the carriage is mounted on the rollers and guided is shown in Figs. 6 and '7. The carriage S is provided at both inner walls with runner ledges W, which are so configured that, while being securely mounted on the guide rollers M the fork G (see Fig. 6).

3 and N the carriage is still as readily movable as a wheel mounted on a ballor roller-bearing.

The carriage is actuated, that is, moved, by means of a gear drive. An essential member of the latter is the double gear R having a bushing H as intermediate member. This double gear unit runs about a pin l2, which is mounted in This is screwed onto or otherwise affixed to the disk or plate P by means of spaced flanges [3 (Figs. 5 and 6). The fork G extends through a suitable opening in the disk P and holds the gear unit R so that, under the disk, it engages the gear wheel Z while above the disk it is in engagement with the dentated sector K which is mounted on the underside of the carriage S. Fig. lb shows in plan (as viewed upwardly from below) the parts positioned under the plate P, Fig. 1 shows the gear wheel Z in cross section, Fig. 6 shows the outer portion thereof, while the dentated sector K is shown in Figs. 6, '7 and 8b. The gear wheel Z and dentated sector K have the same pitch circle diameter and the same tooth number. Rotation of the gear wheel Z, which is driven from below by means of the attached bushing H, results in a circular movement of the carriage in the same direction and at the same speed. By using a sufficient number of gears R, the carriage may be caused to operate as though it were a sector of a circle mounted on a shaft, with which it rotated.

The carriages, of which a plurality is always used, their length and their spacing are the factors which are of basic significance in the construction of weaving disks. The following relationships are prerequisites which are preferably fulfilled according to the invention: To assure proper guiding of the carriage, its length should preferably be so dimensioned that four to five rollers M, N bear against each runner W. The space between the axes of the rollers M, N should preferably be two to two and a half times the roller diameter. The minimum length of the carriage body is preferably nine roller diameters, and the total length (carriage and attached extensions) preferably thirteen roller diameters. This also determines the space necessary for each carriage, a sector amounting to about eighteen roller diameters. The circular path is subdivided into as many sectors as there are carriages. If their number is for example eleven, the circle should preferably have a circumference of at least one hundred ninety-eight roller diameters and ninety-nine pairs of rollers should preferably be mounted on the disk P (nine pairs of rollers for each carriage). The space between the gears should preferably not exceed the length of the dentated sector K. Accordingly, a gear R should preferably be provided at each fourth pair of rollers. In the assumed embodiment having element carriages, twenty-five gears would thus preferably be used.

.Operation is as follows: Bushing H is driven, i. e. rotated on sleeve Q, from a suitable source of power (not shown) in conventional manner. When the gear wheel Z is thus driven from the bushing H, all gears R rotate. Each carria e S, regardless of where it happens to be, is engaged by at least one gear R and moves forward on its circular path, comes into the range of the adjacent gear R, is again driven forward, and finally in effect describes the same movement as the driving gear Z. The space between the several carriages remains unchanged during such operation.

As stated at the outset, thewarp threads are stretched radially over the disk P. Contact of the threads with rollers M, N and gears R is prevented by bafiling these parts, which is realized by means of pronged baflies A, E and O and wire yoke U (Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7).

In order that the described apparatus may be able to function as a weaving shuttle, it is preferred that:

1. The shed should be so formed that one layer of warp threads is arranged above the circularly moving carriage, the other therebeneath, being subdivided into bands by the baflie plates A, E and O. The threads intermittently alternate their position, since they cross each other in the space between the rear of each carriage and the point of the following carriage. The sheds in effect describe the same rotating movement as the carriages so that the latter are always within the corresponding shed. Any suitable heddle apparatus may be used for this purpose. For example, use may be made of that described and claimed in the applicants application Ser. No. 36,524 filed on even date herewith (now abandoned), according to which for example a cam cylinder or cylinders may be integrated, i. e. caused to rotate simultaneously with the bushing H and, upon such rotation, to effect the up-and-down movement of the heddles in correlation to the movement of the weaving shuttles.

2. The weft thread spool should be mounted on the carriage, thus constituting the weaving shuttle. Figs. 8, 8a, 8b and 9 show the spool carrier T and the spool F, Figs. 8 and 10 showing the position within the shed.

3. Weft and warp are combined into fabric form by suitable means, per se not part of the present invention, preferably mounted on the inner edge of the disk.

In order to provide an example of the aforedescribed relationships existing between the described elements, Figs. 9 and 10 diagrammatically represent a weaving disk with four shuttles. Each of the two paths provided for guiding the carriages consists of fifty rollers. The carriage bodies are of such length as to encompass six roller pairs. For driving, ten gears R are provided. Figs. 8b, 9 and 10 show the warp threads tensioned over the disk .or plate P and forming the sheds. Fig. 9 shows the disk with the four shuttles in plan (details being omitted), Fig. 10 shows the'latter viewed from the side (diagrammatically), direction of sight being toward the axis of the loom, the projection surface being developed on the plane of the sheet of drawing. The first quadrant extends from 0 to 1, the second from 1 to 2, the third from 2 to 3 and the fourth from 3 to 4. The direction of movement is indicated by the number series 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. Fig. 8b shows the shuttle within the shed. Fig. 10 further shows the two warp thread bands or webs in their entire extent, i. e. each in a closed circumference, and that in the manner in which they have to be disposed (under tension) in the manufacture of a linen-weave fabric. The two warp thread bands Z and Z are shown in section (taken between the heddles and spools). This figure shows how the warp thread Z and Z change their position four times in the course of one complete circular extent, being drawn apart four times and crossed four times. The weft thread runs from the spool and upon r0- tation of the four shuttles, four weft threads are simultaneously inserted.

The width of the shed (in the direction of the warp threads) is limited by the edge of the fabric and the heddle shafts. These are shifted outwardly to the extent necessary to provide the room required by the weft yarn spool (Fig. 8b). Viewed from above (Fig. 9), the shed extends from the inner circle, the edge of the fabric, to the outer circle, which represents the plan view of the cam cylinder whereby the heddles receive up-and-down movement parallel to the loom axis. The length of the four sheds (their extent in the direction of movement of the carriage) is shown in Fig. 10. It need only be slightly greater than the length of the carriage, and is determined by the points at which the warp threads cross in front of and behind the carriage. The height of the shed (Fig. 8b) is determined by the stroke of the heddles.

Having thus disclosed the invention, what is claimed is:

1. In a circular weaving loom of the disk or plate type, a horizontal supporting annular disk or plate, means for guiding the movement of weaving shuttles on said disk or plate, said means comprising two concentric horizontally spaced circular rows of vertical pins on said disk or plate, a peripherally-grooved guide roller mounted for rotation on each vertical pin, the grooves of said several guide rollers being co-planar, and said shuttles being provided with a pair of spaced co-planar arcuate runners adapted to coact with the grooves of said rollers, whereby said shuttles are retained in operative position on said disk or plate and the movement ofthe shuttles is guided by said rollers, said guide rollers being so disposed relative to each other and to the runners that at least two pairs of guide rollers are disposed between the runners of each shuttle, each pair comprising a roller of the inside circular row and an opposed roller of the outside circular row.

2. In a circular weaving loom of the disk or plate type, a horizontal supporting annular disk or plate, means for guiding the movement of weaving shuttles on said disk or plate, said means comprising two concentric horizontally spaced circular rows of vertical pins on said disk or plate, a peripherally-grooved guide roller mounted for rotation on each vertical pin, the grooves of said several guide rollers being co-planar, and said shuttles being provided with a pair of spaced coplanar arcuate runners adapted to coact with the grooves of said rollers, whereby said shuttles are retained in operative position on said disk or plate and the movement of the shuttles is guided by said rollers, both circular rows of rollers being located within the annulus defined by said runners during the movement thereof, whereby said shuttles are retained in stable operative position on said disk or plate and the movement of the shuttles is guided by said rollers, and means for positively imparting continuous movement to said shuttles in the path defined by said rollers, said last-named means comprising a dentated arcuate rack integrally associated with each said shuttle, and gear means in driving engagement with said rack, said gear means comprising a plurality of double gears, one gear of each said double gears being in engagement with a driving gear and the other being engageable with said denated racks, said double gears being circularly arranged between the two rows of guide rollers.

3. In a circular weaving loom of the disk or plate type, a horizontal supporting annular disk or plate, means for guiding the movement of weaving shuttles on said disk or plate, said means comprising two concentric horizontally spaced circular rows of vertical pins on said disk or plate, a peripherally-grooved guide roller mounted for rotation on each vertical pin, the grooves of said several guide rollers being co-planar, and said shuttles being provided with a pair of spaced co-planar arcuate runners adapted to coact with the grooves of said rollers, whereby said shuttles are retained in operative position on said disk or plate and the movement of the shuttles is guided by said rollers, both circular rows of rollers being located within the annulus defined by said runners during the movement thereof, whereby said shuttles are retained in stable operative position on said disk or plate and the movement of the shuttles is guided by said rollers, and means for positively imparting continuous movement to said shuttles in the path defined by said rollers, said last-named means comprising a dentated arcuate rack integrally associated with each said shuttle, and gear means in driving engagement with said rack, said dentated arcuate rack of each shuttle being arranged interiorly thereof and between its pair of runners.

HERMANN SLOWAK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 194,741 Stowe Aug. 28, 1877 446,085 Stowe Feb. 10, 1891 494,107 Lombard Mar. 21, 1893 1,088,061 Chernack Feb. 24, 1914 1,357,969 Du Pray Nov. 9, 1920 1,426,641 Hirst Aug. 22, 1922 1,495,177 Hinsky May 27, 1924 1,683,385 Frederickson Sept. 4, 1928 1,965,474 Slot July 3, 1934 1,998,815 Mac Donald Apr. 23, 1935 2,353,387 Canney July 11, 1944

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