US2587027A

US2587027A - Freight car

Info

Publication number: US2587027A
Application number: US54550A
Authority: US
Inventors: Black Henry
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1948-10-14
Filing date: 1948-10-14
Publication date: 1952-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 1969-02-26

Description

Feb. 26, 1952 H. BLACK 2,587,027

FREIGHT CAR Filed Oct. 14, 1948 I 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 45 INVENTOR.

36 HENRY BLACK H.-BLACK FREIGHT CAR Feb. 26, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 14, 1948 INVENTOR. HEN RY BLACK Feb. 26, 1952 H. BLACK 2,587,027

FREIGHT CAR Filed Oct. 14, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 I l I INVENTOR.

A HENRY BLACK AY'PAEA/Ey H. BLACK FREIGHT CAR Feb. 26, 1952 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Oct. 14, 1948 INVENTOR. HE NRY BLACK BY WIFE/Y6) Patented Feb. 26, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FREIGHT CAR Henry Black, Bronx, N. Y.

Application October 14, 1948, Serial No. 54,550

8 Claims. 1

This invention relates to railroad rolling stock, and more particularly, to new and useful improvements in a railroad box car.

The present invention proposes the construction of an improved railroad box car of the closed, and if desired, of the refrigerated type, particularly adapted for the quick and convenient loading of merchandise and the compact and safe storage of the same en route, and the equally easy and expeditious unloading at the delivery point. The advantages are of particular importance in the handling of merchandise in the fruit and vegetable industry where loose storage in the box car results in damage caused by car joltings and where, in an attempt to minimize this damage the merchandise has often been forced into the box car under such compression that damage from crushing frequently results.

More particularly, the present invention relates to the construction of a box car having a roof formed of pivotally mounted longitudinal roof sections arranged in a manner so that the sections may be quickly and easily pivoted to an'open position permitting the box car to be loaded by a derrick through the open top.

Another object of the present invention proposes adjustably supporting laterally extending partition walls from the roof sections in a manner so that the partition walls may be moved longitudinally of the box car towards the ends thereof to divide the load into separate compact sections limiting movement thereof under the effect of sudden stops and starts and other longitu dinal joltings of the car.

Still further, the present invention proposes releasably connecting the partition walls to the roof sections so that they may be quickly and easily disconnected from the roof sections in a manner to permit the roof sections to be pivoted to their open positions when desired.

Another object of the present invention proposes forming the roof sections so that their adjacent edges will be spaced in the closed positions thereof forming an elongated opening through which one may reach in a manner to facilitate the connecting and disconnecting of the partition walls with the roof sections.

A further object of the present invention proposes the provision of a movable cover for closing the opening between the adjacent edges of the roof sections in a .manner to prevent water from rain and the like, from entering the box car through the opening,

It is furthr proposed to provide the sides of the box car with openings through which the space between the adjacent partition walls at the center of the box car may be filled after the roof sections have been closed and the partition walls moved longitudinally for compacting the merchandise placed into the box car through the open top.

The present invention further includes slidably mounted doors for closing the open sides of the box car and an arrangement for releasing the doors from their sliding connection with the box car in a manner to facilitate removal of the doors from the box car when desired.

It is a still further object of the present invention to construct a box car which is simple and durable and which can be manufactured and sold at a reasonable cost.

For further comprehension of the invention, and of the objects and advantages thereof, reference will be had to the following description and accompanying drawings, and to the appended claims in which the various novel features of the invention are more particularly set forth.

In the accompanying drawings forming a material part of this disclosure:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a railroad box car constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an end elevational view of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the line 2--2.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged transverse vertical sectional view taken on the line 44 of Fig. 1, and having one of the roof sections pivoted to a partially open position.

Fig. 5 is a partial longitudinal vertical sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a partial transverse horizontal sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4.

Fig. '7 is an enlarged detailed view of a portion of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the upper corner of one of the doors and the upper corner of the adjacent door receiving member, per se.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged detailed view of another portion of Fig. 1 having a portion thereof broken away to reveal interior construction.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the inner end of one of the lower tracks per se.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged detailed view of a portion of Fig. 2.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the support, per se, for the free end of one of the rack bars.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged detailed view of a portion of Fig. 4.

Fig. 13A is an enlarged partial vertical sectional view taken on the line l3A-I3A of Fig. 13.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of one of the clamp members, per se.

Fig. 15 is an enlarged side elevational view similar to Fig. 1, but with the foremost side wall broken away.

The railroad box car, in accordance with the present invention, includes a car body having the usual frame constructed of beams, which are I-shaped in cross-section, and which supports the usual end walls 2 I, side walls 22 and bottom wall 23. The bottom of the box car is provided with the usual wheels 24 supported in carriages 25 attached to the box car so that the car may roll on the usual tracks 23, see Figs. 1 and 2. The carriages 25 are pivotally mounted on the bottom of the car to swing in a horizontal plane, as is generally known in the art to which the present invention pertains, to permit the car to go around curves in the tracks 26. The ends of the box car are provided with the usual couplings 2! which permit adjacent cars to be connected together in tandem as is generally known in the art. Further details of the above enumerated parts will not be given in this specification as such details are generally known by those skilled in the art and further, form no part of the present invention.

The top of the box car is open and closed against the damaging effects of inclement weather by a roof 28 formed of adjacent pivotally mounted longitudinal roof sections 29. Th outer edges of the roof sections 29 are pivotally attached to the frame 20 by means of hinges 39, see Figs. 4 and 5. Each hinge 30 has one of its leaves attached to the frame 29 and the other of its leaves attached to the adjacent portion of the respective roof section 29. Thus, the roof sections 29 may be pivoted to open positions until the marginal edges of the roof sections, beyond the hinges 39, abut the outside face of the side walls 22 of the box car. A partially open position of the one of the roof sections 29 is illustrated in Fig. 4.

In their closed positions, the roof sections 29 have their adjacent edges spaced forming an elongated opening 3|, see Fig. 11, between the adjacent edges of the roof sections 29. The edge portions 29 at the inner edges of the roof sections 29, are turned upwards. A cover 32 is arranged to be nested over the upturned edge portions 29*- of the roof sections 29 to close the elongated opening 3| between the adjacent edges of the roof sections. The side edge portions 32 of the cover 32 are turned downwards and outwards and cooperate with the upturned edges 29 of the roof sections 29 to prevent water from seeping into the interior of the box car at the overlapped edges of the roof sections 29 and the cover 32.

Means is provided for vertically slidably and pivotally connecting the cover 32 to one of the roof sections 29 so that the cover 32 may be raised and pivoted to an inoperative position to one side of the elongated opening 3! and rested on one of the roof sections 29 so as not to interfere with the pivoting of the roof sections 29 to their open positions. This means comprises end walls 33 formed on the ends of the cover 32 and whichdepend downwards along the ends of the roof sections 29. Outwardly extending pins 34 project from the ends of one of the roof sections 29 and engage vertically arranged elongated slots 35 formed in the adjacent portions of the (iii end walls 33 of the cover 32. The pin and slot arrangement permits the cover 32 to be raised vertically until the pins 34 are located in the bottom ends of the slots 35 after which the cover 32 may be pivoted in a direction to overlie the roof section 29 provided with the pins 34. In this inoperative position, the roof sections 29 may be freely pivoted to their open positions.

On opposite sides of the longitudinal center of the box car there is provided groups of partition walls 36 which extend laterally oi the box car. On the drawings, these groups are illustrated as comprising three partition walls, but this is by way of illustration only as the groups may include more or less than three partition walls 36, as desired.

Each of the roof sections 29 is provided with a longitudinally extending screw 31 which is rotativelysupported in hangers 38 securely attached to and depended from brackets 39 mounted on the inside faces of the top walls of the roof sections 29. The ends of the screws 31 project from the ends of the roof sections 29 and are provided with hand wheels 40 by which the screws 31 may be conveniently rotated in one direction or the other. At the points where the ends of the screws 3'! project from the end walls of the roof sections 29, there are mounted reenforcement plates 41 formed with tubular bearings 42 through which the ends of the screws 31 rotatively extend. Bushings 43, see Fig. 5, are secured to the screws 37 by set screws 44. The bushings 43 are located at the ends of the hangers 38 to prevent longitudinal sliding of the. screws 31 in the hangers while leaving them free for relative rotational movements.

Means is provided for releasably connecting the partition walls 33 of each group with their respective screws 37 for causing the partitions to be moved longitudinally in one direction or the other as the screws 37 are turned in one direction or the other. In the closed position of the roof sections 29, the bottom portions of the screws 31 are arranged to seat in semi-circular cutouts 45 formed in upwardly extending projections 45 formed on the top edges of the partition walls 36 beneath the screws 31. Semicircular clamp members 4'! are pivotally supported upon the projections 46 on the inner sides of the semi-circular cutouts 45 by means of pivot pins 48. The clamp members 41 cooperate with the semi-circular cutouts in suspending the partition walls 36 from the screws 31 and the adjacent faces of the clamp members 41 and the cutouts 45 of the partition walls 36 are formed with screw threads to follow the screw threads of the screws 31 to move the partition walls 36 as the screws 31 are turned in one direction or the other.

At their pivoted ends, the clamp members 41 are formed with inwardly extending slots 49, see Figs. 5 and 14, so that the pivoted ends of the clamp members 41 straddle the top edges of the upwardly extending projections 46. When the clamp members 41 are pivoted to the inoperative position, illustrated by the dot and dash lines 47' in Fig. 13, the material of the clamp members at the inner ends of the slots 49 strike the material of the partition walls 38 and limit further pivoting in that direction.

Each partition wall 36 between the upwardly extending projections 46 is formed with a vertical extension 59 formed on opposite sides thereof with internally threaded inclined bushing 5|. Screws 52 are threadedly engaged through the bushings and areadapted to'be tightened against the top face of the clamp members 4! a illustrated at the left side of Fig. A for releasably holding the clamp members 4] their Operative engaged positions with the screws :31. The screws 52 are inclined toward the elongated opening 3| between the adjacent inner edges of the roof sections 29 and are provided at their top ends with cross pieces 53 which may be gripped for turning the screws 52. In the inoperative position of the cover 32, ones hand may be inserted into the elongated opening 3| to grip the cross pieces 53 of the screws 52 for rotating the screws 52 in one direction or the other for securing the clamp members 4'! in their operative positions, shown at the left of Fig. 4, or for freeing the clamp member 41 to be pivoted to their inoperative positions, as shown at the right side of Fig. 4. The tops of the clamp members 41 are provided with upwardly extending arcuate grips 54 which may be reached through the elongated opening-3| for pivoting the clamp members 4! between the operative and inoperative positions shown in Fig. 13.

When the clamp members 41 are in their operative positions engaging the screws 31, the partition walls 36 are raised slightly oil the top face of the bottom wall 23 of the box car, as shown at the bottom of Fig. 4. When both of the clamp members 41 of any one partition wall 36 are completely disengaged from their respective screws 31, the partition walls 35 drop downwards slightly until their bottom edges rest on the top face of the bottom wall 23 disengaging the semi-circular cutouts 45 of the projections 46 from the screws 3'! completely disengaging that partition wall 36 from the screws, permitting the screws 31 to be turned in one direction or the other for adjusting the longitudinal position of the other partition walls of the group relative to the partition wall 36 which is free of the screws 31. However, the distance the partition wall drops when the clamp members 41 are freed is very small, so that to reengage the freed partition wall or walls with the screws 37 it is merely necessary to pivot the clamp members 47 back to their operative positions and to tighten the screws 52 against the clamp members 41 which will cause them to ride over the tops of the screw 3'1 until their complete operative positions are reached in which the free ends of the clamp members 4'! abut the top edges of the projections 46, as shown in Fig. 13. In other words, when the partition walls 36 are freed of the screw 3?, the clamp members 4'! do not drop below the level of the screws 31, so that the mere act of pivoting the clamp members 41 towards the screws 37 will cause the clamp members 41 to partially engage about the tops of the screws.

The present invention also includes novel means for retaining the free bottom ends of the partition walls 36 against swinging while leaving the walls free to move longitudinally towards the end walls 2| of the box car. This means also cooperates with the engagement of the bottom edges of the partition walls 36 with the top face of the bottom wall 23 in retaining the partition walls 36 in their proper vertical position when disengaged from the screws 31. This means comprises horizontal bars 55 pivotally supported at their ends adjacent the end walls 2| of the box car on brackets 56 by means of pivot pins 57, see Fig. 6. The brackets 56 are mounted on the inside faces of the side walls 22 of the box car. The free ends of the bars 55 are slidable in hollow support members 58 also mounted on the inside faces of the side walls 22 of the box car. The support members 58 .have vertical walls 59 arranged to be engaged by the free ends of the bars to prevent disengagement of the ends of the bars 55 from the support members 58 while permitting free movement of the ends of the bars 55 within the support members.

As shown in Fig. 4, the bars 55 extended horizontally along the sides of the partition walls 36 in each group and the bars 55 are formed on their sides adjacent the partition walls 36 with ratchet teeth 66 arranged to permit free movement in a direction toward the end walls 2| of the box car while limiting movement in a direction away from the end walls 2|. A relatively strong leaf spring 6| is secured to the end of each bar 55 adjacent its free end by means of rivets 62. The free ends of the leaf springs 6| bear against the inside faces of the side walls 22 of the box car and urge the bars 55 towards the sides of the partition walls 36. When the screws 3? are turned in a direction to move the partition walls 36 towards the end walls 2| of the box car, the sides of the partition walls 36 merely idle over the ratchet teeth 66- and the bars 55 will pivot about the pins 51 against the holding action of the springs 6|. However, rotation of the screws 31 to move the partition walls 36 in a direction away from the end walls of the box car will be restricted by the engagement of the partition walls 36 against the right an ular sides of the ratchet teeth 60.

It is possible to pivot the bars 55 against the holding action of the springs 6| and hold them in those pivoted positions by inserting small shims (not shown) between the adjacent faces of the ends of the bars 55 and the vertical walls 59 of the support members 56 to free the partition walls to be moved longitudinally away from the end walls 2| of the box car.

When the partition walls 36 are disconnected from the screws 31 and their bottom edges rest on the top face of the bottom wall 23 of the box car, the engagement of the bars 55 with the sides of the partition walls 36 under the influence of the springs 6| will exert a sufficient force to retain the partition walls 36 in their vertical positions untilreengaged with the screws 31.

The side walls 22 of the box car are formed with side openings 63 at locations between the inner ends of the screws 3'! and more particularly between the adjacent faces of the innermost partition walls 36 of each group. These side openings 63 are closed by means of doors 64 slidable on tracks which are T-shaped in cross-section. The back faces of the doors 64 are formed with complementary T-shaped grooves 66 in which the tracks 65 slidably engage permittingmovement of the doors 64 between positions closing the side openings 63 or leaving the side openings open permitting the space between the adjacent faces of the innermost partition walls 36 to be loaded or unloaded.

The lowermost tracks 65 are provided with vertical stop members 61 which are adapted to be engaged by abutments 68, see Fig. 9, when the doors 64 are slid in a direction to close the side openings 63 to prevent complete disengagement of the doors 64 from the tracks 65. While only the bottom tracks 65 are provided with the stop members 61 and the bottom grooves 66 are formed with the abutments 68, this is by way of illustration only, as the top and bottom tracks can be provided with the stop members 6'! and the top and bottom grooves 66 can be provided with the abutments 68, if desired.

The adjacent edges of the doors 64, in their closed positions, are adapted to be locked together by a lock not shown, and when locked together the contacting stop members 61 and abutments 68 prevent movement of the doors 64 as a unit in one direction or the other permitting persons to gain unauthorized entrance to the box car.

The tracks 65 are of a sufficient length to support their respective doors 64 when moved in a direction to open the side openings 63 of the box car. However, the tracks 65 and grooves 66 are so arranged that when movement of the doors 64 in a direction towards the ends of the box car is continued the doors 64 will slide off the outer ends of the tracks 65. Door receiving members 69 having open ends I9, see Fig. 6, directed towards the tracks 65 are provided to slidably receive the doors 64 as they slide off the ends of the tracks 65. The door receiving members 69 are pivotally supported upon the side walls 22,-

at their ends opposite their open ends in by means of hinges H. Hooks 12 are pivotally supported upon the side walls 22 of the box car and have their free ends releasably engaging holes 13 formed in the top corners of the door receiving members 69 for holding the door receiving members in pivoted positions extended parallel along the sides of the box car.

The door receiving members 69 are channelshaped in vertical cross-section permitting the sides of the doors 64 to lie flush against the sides of the box car. The top and bottom walls of the door receiving members 69 are formed with inwardly extending rails 14 aligned with complementary grooves 15 formed in the top and bottom edges of the doors 64. When the doors 64 are slid into the door receiving members 69, the rails 14 engage the grooves 15 and retain the doors 64 against dropping out of the open sides of the door receiving members 69. When the doors 64 have been slid into the door receivin members 69, the hooks 12 can be disengaged from the holes 13 freeing the door receiving members 69 to be pivoted about their hinges H to move the doors 64 from the sides of the box car permitting their easy removal from the door receiving members 69 and from the box car.

The manner of using the box car constructed in accordance with the present invention is as follows:

Let us assume that the box car is empty and completely assembled as shown in Figs. 1 to 3. To fill the box car, the cover 32 is first lifted and pivoted to its inoperative position overlying the roof section 29 which carries the pins 34. If it should be necessary to adjust the spacing of the partition walls 36 with relation to each other, the operator inserts his arm through the elongated opening 3! and turns the screws 52 in a direction to free the clamp members 41 of the partition walls which. are properly positioned and pivots the clamp members 41 to their inoperative positions, shown by the dot and dash lines 41 in Fig. 13, freeing the properly positioned partition walls 36 to drop downwards until their bottom edges rest on the top face of the bottom wall 23 of the box car. Then the screws 31 are rotated to adjust the position of the remaining partition walls 36 relative to the free partition walls. When the desired adjusted positions are reached, the remaining partition walls 36 are disconnected from the screws 31% by turning the respective screws 52 in a direction to free the walls 36, to be pivoted to their inoperative posi-' tions. All of the partition walls 36 will then be resting on the bottom wall 23 of the box car and will be retained in their vertical positions by the bars 55. The roof sections 29 are now free and may be pivoted to their open positions.

In the open positions of the roof sections 29, the spaces between the adjacent faces of the partition walls 36, except the space between the adjacent faces of the innermost partition walls 36 of each group, may then be loaded by a derrick through the open top of the box car. When those spaces are all filled, the roof sections 29 are pivoted back to their positions closing the top of the box car and all of the clamp members 41 are clamped back to their engaged positions with the screws 31. The screws 31 may then be rotated to move the partition walls 36 towards the end walls 2| of the box car to press against the adjacent sides of the merchandise stored therebetween and hold the merchandise against shifting caused by joltings of the car without holding the merchandise under damaging compression forces. The cover 32 is then returned to its normal position closing the elongated opening 3|.

The doors 64 of one of the side openings 63 of the box car are then opened and the remaining space between the adjacent faces of the innermost partition walls 36 of each group is filled in the usual manner and the doors 64 are returned to their positions closing the side opening 63 and the doors are locked in that closing position.

To empty the box car the above procedure is reversed.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred embodiment of my invention, it is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise construction herein disclosed and the right is reserved to all changes and modifications coming within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is:

l. A railroad box car comprising a car body formed with an open top, pivotally mounted roof sections closing the open top of said car body, said roof sections having their adjacent edges spaced forming an elongated opening the length of said car body, an openable cover normally closing said elongated opening, end aligned pairs of screws rotatively supported by said roof sections, and groups of partition walls in said car body releasably connected with said screws to be moved longitudinally of said car body and when disengaged from said screws permitting said roof sections to be pivoted to their open positions.

2. A railroad box car comprising a car body formed with an open top, pivotally mounted roof sections closing the open top of said car body, said roof sections having their adjacent edges spaced forming an elongated opening the length of said car body, an openable cover normally closing said elongated opening, end aligned pairs of screws rotatively supported by said roof sections, and groups of partition walls in said car body releasably connected with said screws to be moved longitudinally of said car body and when disengaged from said screws permitting said roof sections to be pivoted to their open positions, and hinges pivotally connecting the outer edges of said roof sections to the sides of said car body forming the pivotal mounting of said roof sections and permitting said roof sections to be pivoted to open clamp members 41 of the remaining partition 1 positions along the sides of said car body.

atoms:

3. A railroad box car comprising a car body formed with an open top, pivotally mounted roof sections closing the open top of said car body,

said roof sections having their adjacent edges spaced forming an elongated opening the length of said car body, an openable cover normally closing said elongated opening, end aligned pairs of screws rotatively supported by said roof sections, and groups of partition walls in said car body releasably connected with said screws to be moved longitudinally of said car body and when disen-' gaged from said screws permitting said roof sections to be pivoted to their open positions, said roof sections being formed along opposite sides of said elongated opening with upturned edge portions and said cover having downwardly and outwardly turned edge portions cooperating with said upturned edge portions in preventing water from entering said elongated opening.

4. A railroad box car comprising a car bodyv :3

formed with an open top, pivotally mounted roof sections closing the open top of said car body,

said roof sections having their adjacent edges.

spaced forming an elongated opening the length of said car body, an openable cover normally closing said elongated opening, end aligned pairs of screws rotatively supported by said roof sections, 7

and groups of partition walls in said car body releasably connected with said screws to be moved longitudinally of said car body and when disengaged from said screws permitting said roof sec formed with an open top, pivotally mounted roof sections closing the open top of said car body, said roof sections having their adjacent edges body releasably connected with said screws to be moved longitudinally of said car body and when disengaged from said screws permitting said roof sections to be pivoted to their open positions, said partition walls having semi-circular clamp members engaging said screws, means pivotally connecting said clamp member to said partition walls to be movable to inoperative posi-- tions along one side of said screws, and means reachable through said elongated opening in the open position of said cover for holdin the clamp members in their operative positions forming the releasable connection of said partition walls with said screws.

7. A railroad box car comprising a car body formed with an open top, pivotally mounted roof sections closing the open top of said car body, said roof sections having their adjacent edges spaced forming an elongated opening the length of said car body, an openable cover normally closing said elongated opening, end aligned pairs of screws rotatively supported by said roof sections, and groups of partition walls in said car body releasably connected with said screws to be moved longitudinally of said car body and when disengaged from said screws permitting said roof sections to be pivoted to their open positions, said car body being formed with side openings at points between the adjacent partition walls of the groups of partition walls, and slidably mounted doors for closing said side openings.

8. A railroad box car, comprising a car body having an open top, an openable roof closing the open top of said car body, said roof including a pair of longitudinal roof sections each hingedly connected-to the upper portion of the side wall of the car, a plurality of movable transverse partition walls in said car body, and means for shiftf ing the partition walls longitudinally of the car spaced forming an elongated opening the length of said car body, an openable cover normally closing said elongated opening, end aligned pairs of screws rotatively supported by said roof sections,

and groups of partition walls in said ca body 3- releasably connected with said screws to be moved longitudinally of said car body and when disengaged from said screws permitting said roof sections to be pivoted to their open positions, said screws having ends projected from the ends of Pr said roof sections, and hand wheels mounted on the projected ends of said screws, whereby they may be rotated in one direction of the other.

6. A railroad box car comprising a car body formed with an open top, pivotally mounted roof sections closing the open top of said car body, said roof sections having their adjacent edges spaced forming an elongated opening the length of said car body, an openable cover normally closing said elongated opening, end aligned pairs of screws rotatively supported by said roof sections, and groups of partition walls in said car body, said shifting means including a screw extended longitudinally of the car body and having an exterior actuator at one end of the car body, said screw and its actuator being carried by said roof, said shifting means also includes a clamp members pivotally secured to each of said partition walls for coaction with said screw and movable relative to the partition to a position disengaged from said screw freeing the roof sections to be raised.

- HENRY BLACK.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,071,802 Sweeley et al Feb. 23, 1937 2,160,870 Jones June 6, 1939' 2,226,419 Wasberg Dec. 24, 1940 2,245,812 Osner et a1. June 17, 1941