US2585131A - Controlling means for fluidoperated machines - Google Patents

Description

B. JORGENSEN Feb. 12, 1952 CONTROLLING MEANS FOR FLUID-OPERATED MACHlNES Filed July 6, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 In 1/ e nzfor? Bernhardt Jorgense n a By his flizor' B. JORGENSEN 2,585,131

CONTROLLING MEANS FOR FLUID-OPERATED MACHINES 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July '6', 1949 [rm/e ntor Bernhardf Jorgerz sen 9B5 his Ifiofneu Feb. 12, 1952 a. JORGENSEN CONTROLLING MEANS FOR FLUID-OPERATED MACHINES Filed July 6, 1949 4 Shets-Sheet 5 8 0 W .i m 6 5 0, 24 A 4 4 5 5 w //O,//.M 9 4/ 2 g w m y 6 m M 2. w \2 5 I y mw %m 0 4 4 4 Feb. 12, 1952 4 JORGENSEN' 2,585,131

CONTROLLING MEANS FOR FLUID-OPERATED MACHINES Filed July 6, 1949 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Inventor Bernhardt Jorgensen Patented Feb. 12, 1952 contreotmncv MEANS roe FLUID- orc'mrcn MACHINES Marblehead', Mass, as

Bernhardt Jorgen'sen;

signor to U'ni-ted Shoe Machinery Corporation;-

Flemington; N; J 2, a; corporation of New Jersey- Application J 1115? 6; 1949; Serial No; v 103,217-

3'. Claims;-

This invention relates to fluid-operated machines; and more particularly to means for -controlling the operation of such machines; The invention is hereinshown as applied to a-fluid operated toe-lasting machine for use inthe manufacture of' shoes, constructed generallya's disclosed in United States Letters Patent No. 2-,324509, gran-ted on July 26-, 1943 on-an-app1ication of'm-ine, but it will be understood 'that itisnot-limited to machines ofthat particular character.

- The-machine: shownin the-above-mentioned Letters Patent includesin its organization a plu rality f fluid-operated .mechanisms, valves =for controlling the admission of operating fluidre-- spectively to the different mechanisms from a pressure chamber in which the fluid, preferably light oil, is maintained under. pressure by a pnmp and controlling means rotatable intone directionto initiate. the operations of the dif ferent mechanisms in .predetermined;.time rela tionto one another by control of :the. valves. The controlling means is 1 thus rotated bysalpiston movable in .aucylindento one end of whichfluid is admitted from the pressureichamber andgirom r which the fluid is thereafter. released to stop; the operation of the machine. Upon such .releasezof: the fluidthe piston. le -moved reversely to :itstirr-v itialposition, without reverse rotation; of: the controlling 7 means, by, a spring; wound around thea-xis of the controlling means and subjected to stress by the operativemovement of the piston r To control variably, the speed.ofnperationrofethe machine, this piston has-rigidly connected-there to another piston movable in a second-cylinder from-one end of which it expels fluid-pasteuadjustable needle valve when thezmaehine: is:

operating and: into which it draws flu-id. by;.suc.-,- tion from a reservoir or sump; whenthafirst mentioned piston is returned by thespring.

The present. invention provides means whereby the reverse movement of the fluid-operated, member. which operates, the rotatable. valve.- controlling means is eifected. also by fluidpress sure, the above-mentioned .springbeingeliminated. To this end, the construction. herein shown includes a pressure-controlled valve which,- in response to the drop in the pressure .of the fluid in the first above-mentioned cylirldrwhen.

the fluid is released from that'cylinder, admitsfluid under pressure to 1 the second cylinder, to act on the piston therein and thereby to effect the reverse movementof the'firstmentioned jpislton. When fluid under pressure is admitted .;to the first-mentioned'cylinder'tooperate the rotatable valve=control-ling means; the' pressure c'ontrolled valve, in responselto the pressure of "the: fluid, thus admitted, moves into' position to interrupt' communication between the second cylinder and the source of fluid under pressure, the subsequent exhaust of the fluid .from the second cylinder as, the first-mentioned piston is oper' ated'being, .adjustably restricted to determinetthe speed 'ofrotation" of the. valve-controlled means; To assist "in' avoidingthe presence in theili'duidi fluid'of-any air such as mightcause'theavalve controlling means to run'irregularly; a passage-'- way is provided" for exhaust of: the timid from: the secondcylinder' into achamber: inopencom munication with the" inactive ends'of bothcyl inders; the. chamber having an? outlet for the fluid at sucha height as to' keep" the chamberv and the above passageway full ofthe fluid;

Thenovel-features of the invention willnow' bemore particularly described with reference to-the accompanying drawings and" thereafter pointed out in the claims.-

In the'drawings, I

Fig-; 1 is -a'-viewpartly in -lef-t=-hand'side eleva tion and partlyin section of'a portiorr'ofthe machine to which the invention isherein 'shown as applied:

Fig; 2 is a view of a portionof the machine" imright-hand side elevation; with-parts'broken away;' I

Fig; .3 is mainly a section on the-line of.Fig.;2; and

4 is mainly a diagrammatic view-illustrating; the .manner in-whiclrfluid pressurcisutilized" in the operation and. controlaof..thexmachine. I

In.. view of the-disclosurein the: aboveemem tioned LettersPatent .only a as muchof the ima=- chine to which the invention-is hereinwshown as: applied as it is. necessary to refer" to ion anun-e derstanding, of theinvention will-be .hereinr des scribed. 'Themachine-is provided withalplurale ity' of fluid-"operated mechanisms whichlareLop-q erated in predetermined time relation to. one. anotheninthe' courseof a cycle of vautomatic operations of-the machine. Portions of two, of. these mechanisms; each-comprising a, pair of cylinder-'and-pis'tondevice's; are-shown'diagram= matically in- 4 and areidentifledrespectively by the reference characters Z 'and- 4 The sev eral: mechanisms: are suppliedwith operating fluid at: the; appropriate :times in; the':- cycle or" operations through automatically! controlled: valves .5 yfrom. arsource of supply; of fluid: under; pressure comprising a -.-chamber. 8 s formed in: a casting.,.l0 securedrtothexllowerflface of alh'ori zontalfpl'ate, I21 which serves. as :a closure for' the top of the chamber. Secured also to the plate I2 is a casting I4 which provides a reservoir or sump I5 for fluid not under pressure, the casting I0 being located in the upper portion of the sump. A pump I6 (Fig. 4) driven continuously by an electric motor I8 draws fluid, preferably light oil, from the sump and delivers the fluid through a pipe 28 into the chamber 8. When the machine is not in operation the fluid is returned from the chamber 8 to the sump, without developing the required full operating pressure in the chamber, through a sleeve valve 22 constructed substantially as disclosed in the previously mentioned Letters Patent. Through mechanism not herein fully shown but constructed as also disclosed in said Letters Patent the valve 22 is operated prior to each cycle of operations of the machine by depression of a treadle 24 (Fig. 1) to close the outlet from the chamber 8 and thus to cause the development of the necessary pressure in the chamber, the pressure being limited by a spring-controlled relief valve 26 past which the excess fluid delivered by the pump flows through a bypass 28 back to the sump.

The cycle of operations corresponds to one complete revolution of a valve-controlling device which in the construction herein shown, in accordance more particularly with the disclosure of Letters Patent No'. 2,367,782, granted on January 23, 1945 on an application of mine, comprises a drum 30 having thereon a plurality of fingers, some of which are shown at 32 in Fig. 4, for moving the'valves 6 at the proper times to admit operating fluid to the several fluid-operated mechanisms and for thereafter releasing the valves to permit them to be returned by springs into positions to release the fluid from the mechanisms. The valves are located in the upper portion of the sump at opposite sides of the chamber 8, and the fluid thus released by the valves returns to the sump. Also carried by the drum is a finger 34 which at the end of the cycle causes the valve 22 to return to its initial position to release the fluid from the chamber 8.

. The drum 30, in the construction herein shown, is provided at one end with a shaft 36 (Fig. 3)

rotatable in a bearing formed in a bracket 38 which is mounted on the plate I 2, and at the other end with a shaft 40 rotatable in a casting 42 on the plate I2 and in a bearing member 44 secured to this casting. The drum is turned in the direction of the arrow a (Fig. .1) by a fluidoperated piston 48 (Fig. 2) mounted in a cylinder 48 secured .to the casting 42. To turn the drum in that direction there is provided a one-way clutch 58 which in the construction herein shown is a Horton clutch comprising a member 52 keyed to the shaft 40 and an annular member 54 encircling the member 52. Mounted in recesses in the member 52 are rolls 56 controlled by springs 58 and serving to couple the member 54 to the member 52 when the member 54 is turned in the direction of the arrow a but to permit the member 54 to turn freely in the reverse direction on the member 52. To insure that the drum 30 will not be turned in the reverse direction there is mounted on the shaft 36 (Fig. 3) a spring 60 which is under compression between a washer 62 confined by a nut 64 on the end of the shaft and another washer 66 in frictional engagement with a fiat face of the bracket 38. The annular clutch member 54 has on its periphery a series of gear teeth 68 in engagement with teeth 10 formed on a piston rod 12 to one end of which the piston 46 is secured, the piston rod in the construction herein shown being located below the clutch.

Fluid is admitted to the cylinder 48 to operate the piston 48 and is thereafter exhausted or released therefrom through a pipe 14 communicating with the outer end of the cylinder, the admission and exhaust of the fluid being controlled by a valve 76 (Fig. 1). As disclosed in Letters Patent No. 2,324,509, this valve is a sleeve valve slidingly mounted on a tube 78 which is confined between the casting I 0 and a member 88 provided with a passageway 82 in communication with the pipe 14. One end of the tube 18 is in communication with the chamber 8 and the other end with the passageway 82, and between its ends the tube is divided by a partition 84. Extending through the tube at one side of this partition are ports 86 and at the other side of the partition ports 88. The valve 76 has therein an annular recess 88 through which the ports 86 and 88 may communicate with one another to supply fluid from the chamber 8 to the cylinder 48. Initially, however, as shown in Fig. 1, the valve is positioned against the casting II) with the ports 88 uncovered and open to the sump. Movement of the valve toward the right with reference to Fig. 1 to admit fluid to the cylinder 48 is effected by swinging movement of an arm 92 the lower end of which is connected to the valve and the upper end of which is pivotally mounted on a pin 94 supported on a bracket 96 on the plate I2. A spring 98 connected to the arm 92 holds the valve initially against the casting I8. Also pivotally mounted on the pin 94 is a two-part lever I by movement of which in a counterclockwise direction with reference to Fig. 1 the arm 92 is swung against the resistance of the spring 98, the lever thus acting on the arm through a spring 99. The two parts of the lever I80 are pivotally connected together by a pin I02 but are held normally in a fixed relation to each other by a spring I04 connected to pins on the two parts, the relation of the two parts to each other being determined by engagement of a lug on one part with a shoulder I86 on the other part. Also pivotally mounted on the pin I02 is a latch member I08 which is normally held by a spring I I0 in engagement with a vertical face on the bracket 96 and is swung by the spring into a notch H2 in the bracket when the lever I80 is swung in the direction to operate the valve 16. By this latch, therefore, the valve is retained in position to admit the fluid to the cylinder 48. The latch is swung in a clockwise direction to release the lever I 00 and thus to permit the valve 16 to be returned to its initial position by the spring 98 by means of a lever II4 which is pivotally mounted on the pin 84 and one arm of which bears upwardly against a shoulder on the latch, the arm being held against this shoulder by a light spring II6 connected to the lever H4. The lever H4 is thus operated at the proper time to stop the machine at the end of the cycle by the engagement of a finger I I8 on the drum 38 therewith, the finger passing beyond the lever prior to the completion of the cycle, as shown in Fig. 1. Another finger I 20 (Figs. 1 and 4) on the drum acts on the lever II4 to stop the machine before the end of the cycle, for a purpose explained in Letters Patent No. 2,324,509, after which, as further described in said Letters Patent, the valve 76 is operated automatically to cause the machine to complete the cycle.

It will be understood that movement of the valve 16 to admit fluid to the cylinder 48 and thus to; .start the rotation of the drumfiflisefiectegi by upward movement of the front end: of the lever I08, this being the end of theleverwhich isat the right in Fig. 1. For thus operating the lever there is pivotally connected to a pin I22 on its front end a yoke member I24 in which is slidingly mounted the reduced upper-end ,por tion of a rod 525. This portion of therod'extends upwardly through the lower end of theyoke and through a transverse wall I28 on the yoke, and between this wall and a collar I30 fast onthe rod is a compression spring I32. Through this spring, therefore, upward movement is imparted yieldingly by the rod to the yoke. At its lower end the rod I26 is connected to one arm: of'a bell-crank lever I34 which is mounted to swing about a pin I26 supported on a bracket I38 at the base of the machine. The mechanism for operating this bell-crank lever to impart the-upward movement to the rod In is not herein completes 1y; shown, since the construction isthe same as disclosed in Letters Patent No. 2,324,509., Such movement of the rod to start the cycle of operations is efiected by a second depression of the treadle 2 after the treadle has been first dev pressed to cause the valve 22 to close the outlet from the chamber 8 as hereinbefore described. As; further disclosed in the last-mentioned Letters Patent, a latch I40 is arranged to engage the pin I22 to til near the end of the upward movement of the rod I25, whereupon the latch is swung to release the pin and to permit the spring I32, compressed by the upward movement of the rod, to move the valve I6 quickly into position to admit the fluid to the cylinder 48. I Whenever the valve 15 is returned in the manner above described into position to release the fluid from the cylinder is, whether at the end of the cycle or prior to the end of the cycle, the piston is immediately returned to its initial position. For this purpose, in the construction herein shown, a cylinder I42 is secured to the casting 42 at the opposite side of the casting from the cylinder 3 and in alinement with the latter cylinder. Mounted in the cylinder I42 is a piston I44 fast on the opposite end of the piston-- rod I2 from the piston at. Mounted in a block I45 fast on the upper end of the casting-42 is a vertically movable piston valve I 38 held normally in upraised position by a spring I which is mounted in a recess in the valve and is seated at its lower end on a plate I52. The valve is provided with an annular recess I54, and when it is in its normal upraised position, as shown, this annular recess is in communication, through a passageway I in the block I46, with a pipe I58 leading to the outer end of the cylinder I42. Also in communication with the annular recess in the valve is a passageway I60 in the block I46, this passageway being connected by a pipe I62 with the chamber 8. Initially, therefore, thecylinder I42 is in communication with the chamber 8 through the pipe .I 58, the annular recess I54 in the valve I40 and the pipe I52 and contains fluid under the same pressure as that in the chamber 8. Leading from the cylinder 48 to a port I64 in the upper end of the block I45 is a pipe I66,the port I6 communicating with an annular recess I63 in the block around the upper end of the valve I48 when the valve is in its uppermost position. When the valve 15, therefore, is moved into position to admit fluid under pressure from the chamber 8 to the cylinder 40 the same pressure is established through the pipe I66 in the prevent movement of the lever- I00 un- 8 annular recess I 68-and force ihe valved 4.8:d0ym. wardlyv against; the resistance of the spring 450,; the valve engaging the plate I52 tolimitits down-1 ward movement. This downward. movementqoi thevalve closes thev passageway I56 and thusgine terru-pts communication between the chamber;8 and the cylinder I42; Extending downwardlyin the-block; I4.6- from the passageway I56 is another passageway I 1 0 in communication at itslower end with aphamber I12 in the casting 42, this being achamber in which the clutch 50 is located and which isin open communication with the-inner. ends of the cylinders 48 and I42. Adjustably threaded in the block I46 is a-needle valve I14 which partially closes the passageway I10but permitsrestricted flowof the fluid from the passageway I56 to the chamber I12.- Accordingly; when the piston 46 is operated by the fluid admitted-to the cylinder 48 fluid is forced out of the cylinder I42 by the;piston I44, this-fluidflowing through the pipe I 58 and through the restrictedpassage I10-into the chamber I12. Leads ing from the upper portion of this chamber isra pipe I16 for conducting fluid from thischamber back to the-sump. This pipe, as shown, extends first upwardly and then downwardly to formsa loop high enough to insure that the chamber I12 and the passageways I56 and I10 in the block I46 will be at all times full of fluid. This-lea safeguard against entrapment of air in the liquid fluid, as is also thefact that such fluid from the chamber I12 always fills any space intlie cylinders 48 and I42 at the inner ends of the pistons 46 and I 44. It'will be understoodthat the needle valve I14 restricts, as determined by its adjustment, the flow of the fluid-from'the cylinder I42 when the piston 46' is operated and thereby determines the speed at which the-drum 30 is rotated. It will further be understood that when the piston 46 and the valve I48 are in their initial positions a small quantity of the fluid con-1 ducted by the pipe I62 from the chamber 8 to the passageway I60 and the annular recess I'54'in the valve will escape past the needle valv'e I14'to the chamber I12 and thence to the sump. This affords further insurance that the chamber [12 will be kept full of the fluid. I When the valve 16 is moved reversely into position to release the fluid from the cylinder 48 the-drop in;the pressure abovethe valve I48 causesthe-valVe. to be returned to its initial position by; the spring,l50. In this manner com-1 munifil rtion; is again established through the pipes I52 and; I58 between the chamber 8. and. the cylinder;;l42,, so thatthe fluid under pressure is forced into thiscylinder to act on the piston I44 and-thereby; to return, the piston 451th its initial positio In; th;is operation, as hereinbeforeexa plained; the annular clutch member 54 turns idly aboutthe member 52, the drum 30 remaining in the ;position towhich it was previously moved. Sincertheflow of the fluid from the chamber 8 ,to thecylinder I42 andthe flow of the fluidfrom the cylinder 4Bback to thesump are unrestricted, thepistonfifi isreturned very quickly toits initial posi on--.

It-yvill; Ice-evident that when the drum 30comes tO;' a, :SI1Qp; 2, t theendof thecycle the valve 22will havebeenrnoyedinto-position to release thefluid from the chamber 8. In the construction herein shown, therefore, the outlet controlled by this valve is sufliciently restricted as compared with the capacity of the pump I6 to insure that enough pressure will still be maintained in the chamber 8 to return the piston 46 at that time, only a small amount of pressure being required for that purpose. The provision thus afiorded for a small amount of pressure in the chamber 8 when the pump'is operating and the valve 22 is in open position, and the fact that the cylinder M2 is normally in communication with the chamber 8, assist in insuring that even though there may be a substantial interval between successive cycles 01' operations of the machine the cylinder I42 will be completely filled with fluid when the machine is started, thus avoiding the possibility of any sudden abnormally rapid movement of the piston 46 and the drum 30 upon admission of the fluid to the cylinder 48.

' Having described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a fluid-operated machine, a plurality of fluid-operated mechanisms, valves for controlling the admission of fluid respectively to said different mechanisms, controlling means rotatable in one direction to initiate the operations of the different mechanisms in predetermined time relation to one another by control of said valves, a source of liquid fluid under pressure, a member having a chamber therein, a cylinder arranged to extend outwardly from said member and having therein a piston movable thus to-rotate said controlling means, said cylinder being open at its inner end to said chamber, valve means for admitting fluid from said source to the outer end of said cylinder to operate said piston and for thereafter releasing the fluid therefrom, another cylinder arranged to extend outwardly from said member in the opposite direction from said firstnamed cylinder and having therein a piston connected to said first-named piston to move in unison therewith, said other cylinder also being open at its inner end to said chamber, a valve responsive to the drop in the pressure of the fluid in the first-named cylinder when the fluid is released therefrom for admitting fluid from said source to the outer end of said other cylinder to return said first-named piston, means providing a passageway for exhaust of fluid from said other cylinder to said chamber when the first-named piston is operated, and means providing an outlet for the fluid from said chamber at such a height as to keep the chamber and said passageway full of the fluid.

2. In a fluid-operated machine, a plurality of fluid-operated mechanisms, valves for controlling the admission of fluid respectively to said different mechanisms, controlling means rotatable in one direction to initiate the operations of the different mechanisms in predetermined time relation to one another by control of said valves, 2. source of liquid fluid under pressure, a member havinga chamber therein, a cylinder arranged to extend outwardly from said member and having therein a piston movable thus to rotate said controlling means, said cylinder being open at its inner end to said chamber, valve means for admitting fluid from said source to the outer end of said cylinder to operate said piston and for thereafter releasing the fluid therefrom, another cylinder arranged to extend outwardly from said member in the opposite direction from said flrstnamed cylinder and having therein a piston connected to said first-named piston to move in unison therewith, said other cylinder also being open at its inner end to said chamber and being initially in communication at its outer end with said source to maintain-the first-named piston in initial position, a valve controlled by the pressure of the fluid admitted to said first-named cylinder and movable by such pressure to interrupt communication between said source and said other cylinder, means providing a passageway for exhaust of fluid from said other cylinder to said chamber when the fluid is admitted to the firstnamed cylinder, and means providing an outlet for the fluid from said chamber at such a height as to keep the chamber and said passageway full of the fluid.

3. In a fluid-operated machine, a plurality of fluid-operated mechanisms, valves for controlling the admission of fluid respectively to said different mechanisms, controlling means rotatable in one'direction to initiate the operations of the different mechanisms in predetermined time relation to one another by control of said valves, a source of liquid fluid under pressure, a member having a chamber therein, a cylinder arranged to extend outwardly from said member and having therein a piston movable thus to rotate said controlling means, said cylinder being open at its inner end to said chamber, valve means for admitting fluid from said source to the outer end of said cylinder to operate said piston and for thereafter releasing the fluid therefrom, another cylinder arranged to extend outwardly from said member in the opposite direction from said flrstnamed cylinder and having therein a piston connected to said first-named piston to move in unison therewith, said other cylinder also being open at its inner end to said chamber and being initially in communication at its outer end with said source to maintain the first-named piston in initial position, a valve controlled by the pressure of the fluid admitted to said first-named cylinder and movable by such pressure to interrupt communication between said source and said other cylinder, means providing a passageway for exhaust of fluid from said other cylinder to said chamber when the fluid is admitted to the first-named cylinder, and means providing an outlet for the fluid from said chamber at such a height as to keep the chamber and said passageway full of the fluid, said passageway being arranged to permit flow of fluid from said source to said chamber and thence through said outlet when the first-named piston is in its initial position.

BERNHARDT JORGENSEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

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