US2576137A - Electrical switching system - Google Patents

Electrical switching system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2576137A
US2576137A US602823A US60282345A US2576137A US 2576137 A US2576137 A US 2576137A US 602823 A US602823 A US 602823A US 60282345 A US60282345 A US 60282345A US 2576137 A US2576137 A US 2576137A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
voltages
switching
resistor
source
triodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US602823A
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English (en)
Inventor
John H Newitt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STC PLC
Federal Telephone and Radio Corp
Original Assignee
Standard Telephone and Cables PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FR956768D priority Critical patent/FR956768A/fr
Application filed by Standard Telephone and Cables PLC filed Critical Standard Telephone and Cables PLC
Priority to US602823A priority patent/US2576137A/en
Priority to ES0182344A priority patent/ES182344A1/es
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2576137A publication Critical patent/US2576137A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/54—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements of vacuum tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D1/00—Demodulation of amplitude-modulated oscillations
    • H03D1/14—Demodulation of amplitude-modulated oscillations by means of non-linear elements having more than two poles
    • H03D1/16—Demodulation of amplitude-modulated oscillations by means of non-linear elements having more than two poles of discharge tubes

Definitions

  • Fig.- 1 is a schematic'and blook diagram of en electronic switching system e mbodying my invention utilizing a. gusty-pull arran emen 2 nd. 31 s simi a dia ram *Qf o ifi push-pull arrangements embodying my -invenqm ndl.
  • the anodes ofjtriodes ,4 and'5 are connwt u an o m r I yliowh e, cQnd y; 12 is flqn c d. to. th 1 m 3 w th t mi n f; t
  • Pr mar be emeptes y aleaqo au the dsbiibed is a, push-pull amplifier.
  • I T electronic switch I L we is q nneet i tur ugha es p f iiad a 30 25' o h midmim it 1 I te 'l o l me 3 fi d of whi h e o t fl a e m3%1?d.
  • control voltages from source 22 are appliedto thegrids in'phase-as contrasted with the signal yoltages derived from the audio frequencysource 2;which latter-are appliedi180 T'out'of phase" tothegap with respect 13018301101116!- Accordingly -1t"wi;11 be se'enithat the efiect of the switching.
  • control voltages derived from the source 2 2 has opposed efiectg'fimthe'primary l0, of output transformer!
  • triodes 4 and 5 are connected to opposite ends of the resistor of a potentiometer 29, whose arm is connected to a movable arm 30, adapted to'connect to-any selected-point on resistor I]. It will be seen that by adjusting arm 30, the total bias voltage applied to both cathodes will be determined and by adjusting .the arm of potentiometer 29 the bias applied to one of the triodes may be increased while that applied to the other triode may be decreased. Thus if the two triodes are dissimilar, they can be properly balanced to cut-off. Arm 30 and the potentiometer arm are connected to ground through a by-passcondenser 3
  • the triodes 4 and 5 are illustrated as being in a cathode-follower type of push-pull arrangement, with the anodes of the triodes 4 and. 5 being connected to a positive source of anode potential, the negative source thereof being connected to ground.
  • Biasing voltages for the triodes are derived from cathode resistors in- I cluding the resistor of the potentiometer 29 which is connected at its opposite ends to the cathodes of triodes 4 and 5, the arm of potentiometer 29 being connected inseries with a variable resistor '32 to ground, said variable resistor 32 being shunted by a by-pass condenser 33 to ground.
  • An additional cathode resistor 34 is provided in shunt'with the resistor of potentiometer 29, resistor 34 serving as a'load resistor.
  • Fig. 4 there is illustrated a single tube arrangement including a triode 38 which is used -.to detect energy from a radio frequency source 39 and is likewise used as part of an electronic switch, generally designated by the numeral 40, to switch the radio frequency energy, in translated form, with respect to the load 3.
  • the radio frequency source 39 may be coupled to the triode 38 by means of a radio frequency transformer 4
  • the negative switching voltages from source 22 are applied at the end 42 of the secondary of transformer 4
  • Triode 38 should be carefully biased to cut-off.
  • the arm l8"which is connected to the cathode of triode 38 is adjusted in relation toresistor ll of the voltage divider 15.
  • the anode of triode 38 is connected of anode potential source I4 with a by-pass condenser 45 connected between said positive side and ground, and the radio frequency output being taken off with'respect-to ground through a coupling condenser 41 which is' connected to the load, the other part of the-input of the'load being from ground. Since triode 38 is biased to cut-off, the switching'voltages will produce no effect in the output thereof as has been explained hereinabove in connection with the arrangement of Fig. 1. Since, however, there is no bucking arrangement, as illustrated in Fig. '1, for cancelling the eifects of switching voltages, the
  • An electronic switching system comprising a pair of electron discharge devices each including an anode, cathode and control electrode, means for coupling said devices in a push-pull cathode-follower arrangement with the signal voltages being impressed on the control electrodes of said devices 180 out of phase with respect to each other, a source of switching voltages, means for impressing said switching voltages cophasally between the control electrodes of each of said devices and ground to control the conduction thereof, a resistor coupled at the opposite ends thereof to said cathodes, and means for coupling any one of a number of points on said resistor to said load, a second resistor coupled in parallel with said first named resistor, a parallel resistance capacitance network, means for adjustably connecting one end of said network to said second resistor, and means coupling the other end of said network to ground.
  • An electronic switching system for switching signal voltages from a source to a load comprising a pair of electron discharge devices, each including an anode, cathode and control electrode, means coupling said devices in push-pull with the signal voltages being impressed on the control electrodes 180 out of phase with each other, a source of switching voltages, means for impressing said switching voltages between each of said control electrodes and ground substantially in phase and an output circuit comprising an output transformer, means for coupling the anodes of said devices to opposite ends of the primary of said transformer, and means for connecting the midpoint of said primary to a positive pole of a potential source, the secondary of said transformer being coupled to a load, a resistor interconnecting said cathodes, an adjustable parallel resistance capacitance network adjustably coupled at one end to said resistor and connected at the other end to ground.
  • An electronic switching system for switching signal voltages from a source to a load comprising a pair of electron discharge devices, each including an anode, cathode and control electrode, means coupling said devices in push-pull with the signal voltages being impressed on the control electrodes out of phase with each other, a source of switching voltages, means for impressing said switching voltages between each of said control electrodes and ground substantially in phase, means for biasing said devices to cutolT comprising a voltage divider connected across a source of potential and having one end grounded, a resistor, the opposite ends of which are connected to the cathodes, and a shorting member for connecting a selected one of a number of points on said resistor to a selected one of a number of points on said voltage divider, and a capacitor connected between said member and ground.
  • An electronic switching system comprising a pair of electron discharge devices each including an anode, cathode, and control electrode, means for coupling said devices in a push-pull arrangement with the signal voltages being impressed on the control electrodes of said devices 180 out of phase with each other, means for biasing said devices to cut-off so that only positive portions of the applied signal appear in the output of said devices, a source of negative switching voltages of such value as to completely block conduction of said devices, and means for impressing said switching voltages cophasally on the control electrodes of said devices.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
US602823A 1945-07-02 1945-07-02 Electrical switching system Expired - Lifetime US2576137A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR956768D FR956768A (xx) 1945-07-02
US602823A US2576137A (en) 1945-07-02 1945-07-02 Electrical switching system
ES0182344A ES182344A1 (es) 1945-07-02 1948-02-13 MEJORAS EN LOS SISTEMAS DE CONMUTACIoN

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US602823A US2576137A (en) 1945-07-02 1945-07-02 Electrical switching system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2576137A true US2576137A (en) 1951-11-27

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ID=24412937

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US602823A Expired - Lifetime US2576137A (en) 1945-07-02 1945-07-02 Electrical switching system

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US2576137A (xx)
ES (1) ES182344A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR956768A (xx)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2763721A (en) * 1951-02-15 1956-09-18 Rca Corp Distortion reduction in time division multiplex systems
US2863049A (en) * 1952-09-17 1958-12-02 Emi Ltd Electric circuit arrangements for repeating the output of a selection of a pluralityof source circuits
US2927999A (en) * 1951-11-28 1960-03-08 Honeywell Regulator Co Motor control circuit
US2983873A (en) * 1957-01-30 1961-05-09 Rca Corp Pulse time discriminator circuit which eliminates transients induced by gating pulses
US2999225A (en) * 1955-01-20 1961-09-05 Jr Earle C Gregg Electronic switching apparatus and method
US3230460A (en) * 1959-08-31 1966-01-18 Int Standard Electric Corp Electronic switching system

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2032193A (en) * 1929-07-29 1936-02-25 Rca Corp Electron tube system
US2153638A (en) * 1936-09-26 1939-04-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Amplifier
US2164939A (en) * 1936-06-15 1939-07-04 John Hays Hammond Jr Timing control
US2185199A (en) * 1938-04-19 1940-01-02 Rca Corp Keying system
US2324314A (en) * 1941-11-13 1943-07-13 Gen Electric Electronic switch
US2386892A (en) * 1941-06-23 1945-10-16 Automatic Elect Lab Selective amplifier or oscillator

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2032193A (en) * 1929-07-29 1936-02-25 Rca Corp Electron tube system
US2164939A (en) * 1936-06-15 1939-07-04 John Hays Hammond Jr Timing control
US2153638A (en) * 1936-09-26 1939-04-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Amplifier
US2185199A (en) * 1938-04-19 1940-01-02 Rca Corp Keying system
US2386892A (en) * 1941-06-23 1945-10-16 Automatic Elect Lab Selective amplifier or oscillator
US2324314A (en) * 1941-11-13 1943-07-13 Gen Electric Electronic switch

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2763721A (en) * 1951-02-15 1956-09-18 Rca Corp Distortion reduction in time division multiplex systems
US2927999A (en) * 1951-11-28 1960-03-08 Honeywell Regulator Co Motor control circuit
US2863049A (en) * 1952-09-17 1958-12-02 Emi Ltd Electric circuit arrangements for repeating the output of a selection of a pluralityof source circuits
US2999225A (en) * 1955-01-20 1961-09-05 Jr Earle C Gregg Electronic switching apparatus and method
US2983873A (en) * 1957-01-30 1961-05-09 Rca Corp Pulse time discriminator circuit which eliminates transients induced by gating pulses
US3230460A (en) * 1959-08-31 1966-01-18 Int Standard Electric Corp Electronic switching system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR956768A (xx) 1950-02-07
ES182344A1 (es) 1948-04-01

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