US257510A - William e - Google Patents

Description

UNTTED STATES PATENT Osman,

WILLIAM NORRIS, OF FORT ANN, NEW YORK.

COMPOSITION FOR PAINTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 257,510, dated May 9, 1-882.

Application filed January 29, 1881. (Specimens) T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM R. NoRRIs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Fort Ann, in the State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Gompositions for Paints; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention has for its object the pro duction of a more perfect paint than has hitherto been obtained of the class or kind in which comminuted slate or some similar mineral substance is intermixed with linseed or other suitable oil to form the body of the paint. This I effect by substituting for the ordinary slate or other mineral substance hitherto thus employed the mineral known as the Hudson River shale or slate, the same being comminuted or pulverized, and then mixed with ordinary linseed-oil or other suitable oil, or milk, turpentine, size, or any of the ordinary substitutes. The said Hudson River shale or slate is a well-known mineral substance, found chiefly in the neighborhood of the river whence it derivesits name, and possessingcertain qualities which peculiarly fit it for use in paints. The chief objection to ordinary slate for such uses is that its particles will not remain properly in suspension in the oil, but will tend to sink through the same, making an uneven mixture and therefore bad paint. This slate also fails to unite or combine with the oil. The slate and oil will not hold together, and the slate particles will rub off after putting on a coat of the paint. It is indeed suitable to use only with white lead and as an adulteration of the latter. Now, the Hudson River shale or slate has a sufficient proportion of oily and bituminous matter to coalesce readily with the oil. It will therefore remain perfectly and evenly suspended for a long time, forming a permanent or approximately permanent mixture, which will be of uniform consistence and efficiency in every part. Ooal-shales and similar substances have often been used for the same purpose in pulverized form but in them the proportion of bitumen is too large (as I have demonstrated by practical experiment) for the production of a really desirable or sat isfactory paint. The mixture is too thick and viscous, as well as'too strong of bitumen. It is not easily laid on, will not dry readily, and lacks most of the qualities of an excellent paint. The Hudson River shale or slate, so called, obviates these objections, as well as the opposite fault of a defective supply of hitumen, and gives rise to no trouble either in laying on, drying, or otherwise. It possesses enough oil and bitumen for its particles to mix readily with the linseed-oil, but not enough to make the mixture unduly thick or viscous. Silex has also been used; but it lacks the cohesive qualities of the Hudson River slate. The Hudson River shale or slate, though so called, is really quite a different substance from slate or shale as these terms are ordinaril y understood. By careful scientific analysis it has been found to contain, compressed in a solid form, the following ingredients in their several proportions: silica, fifty-two and two-tenths per cent. alumina, twenty-seven and thirty-three oue-hundredths per cent; lime, four and eighty-nine one-hundredths per cent; carbonic acid, seven and forty-four one-hundredths per cent; and water the remainder, or eight and fourteen one-hundredths per cent. Such a combination of substances has never before been used in compositions for paints. This shale has evidently been compressed into its present solidified form and consistency by great natural pressure. When thrown into fire a lump of it will explode violently, leaving a white ash. Nitric acid will act upon it. It does not flake like slate and is not similarly brittle. It can partly be distilled, and will yield in most mixtures an oily scum. It has a superficial oily gloss while in solid form, and seems to contain some special coloring-matter. It adds to paint a peculiar gloss, very much superior to that which can be obtained from white lead, and takes the place of lead with advantage in all cases where a dark color is employed. It is free from the poisonous properties of lead, and forms a rock surface, as cement does, having most of the ingredients of Portland cement, and hardening in the same manner.

This paint has not only the properties of a quired color.

paint, but it acts as a wood-filler. It will not flake off coat from coat, as many paints will, but will make a solid stone-like mass from top to bottom of the paintlaid on any surface, the lower layer or primary filling into the pores of the wood. Its special availability in forming part of a composition for paints may be explained in some degree by the ingredients and characteristics above stated 5 but the fact itself, to whatever cause due, is a matter of observation and experiment. Of this fact I was the first discoverer, and in consequence of said dis- 'covery I have invented the composition for which I now desire a patent.

In carrying out my invention I merely pulverize a portion of the said Hudson River shale and miX the same well with linseed-oil or its substitutes, using any suitable known means for such pulverizing and mixing. The proportion of said ingredients is preferably about thirteen pounds of said mineral to a gallon of said oil, but may be varied considerably. Pigments are then added to give the re- Of course myinven tion includes the material, however or wherever obtained,

though I have designated it, in the usual manner, by the locality where it is chiefly found, that being the geological and technical term for said mineral. The said invention also includes the said composition, whether applied in the primary paint, the rough stuff, or in any other variety of paint known in the art, these differing from one another chiefly in consistency and in the relative quantity of their in- WILLIAM It. NORRIS.

Witnesses:

WM. H. BABGOCK, EDWARD G. SIGGERS.